Gain of harmonic generation in high gain free electron laser

In a planar undulator employed free electron laser (FEL), each harmonic radiation starts from linear amplification and ends with nonlinear harmonic interactions of the lower nonlinear harmonics and the fundamental radiation. In this paper, we investigate the harmonic generation based on the dispersion relation driven from the coupled Maxwell-Vlasov equations, taking into account the effects due to energy spread, emittance, betatron oscillation of electron beam as well as diffraction guiding of the radiation field. A 3D universal scaling function for gain of the linear harmonic generation and a 1D universal scaling function for gain of the nonlinear harmonic generation are presented, which promise rapid computation in FEL design and optimization. The analytical approaches have been validated by 3D simulation results in large range.     

上海深紫外自由电子激光装置中激光与束流的精确同步

介绍了一种基于相干辐射测量的激光-电子束同步方法,描述了实现空间及时间同步的基本原理、步骤和细节,并利用这种方法在上海深紫外自由电子激光装置（SDUV-FEL）上实现了电子束与激光之间亚ps量级的精确同步,为基于外种子激光的高增益高次谐波产生（HGHG）、回声型谐波产生（EEHG）和级联HGHG自由电子激光实验奠定了坚实的基础。还利用这种手段对不同条件下的电子束纵向特性进行了测量和分析。     

Operating the SDUV-FEL with the echo-enabled harmonic generation scheme

Using the recently proposed echo-enabled harmonic generation （EEHG） free-electron laser （FEL） scheme, it is shown that operating the Shanghai deep ultraviolet FEL （SDUV-FEL） with single-stage to higher harmonics is very promising, with higher frequency up-conversion effciency, higher harmonic selectivity and lower power requirement of the seed laser. The considerations on a proof-of-principle experiment and expected performance in SDUV-FEL are given.     

Numerical modeling of a high power terahertz source in Shanghai

On the basis of an energy-recovery linac, a terahertz source with a potential for kilowatts of average power is proposed in Shanghai, which will serve as an effective tool for material and biological sciences. In this paper, the physical design of two free electron laser (FEL) oscillators, in a frequency range of 2--10 THz and 0.5--2 THz respectively, are presented. By using three-dimensional, time-dependent numerical modeling of GENESIS in combination with a paraxial optical propagation code, the THz oscillator performance, the detuning effects, and the tolerance requirements on the electron beam, the undulator field and the cavity alignment are given.     

A proposed method to characterize high harmonic microbunching in EEHG operation of SDUV-FEL

The echo-enabled harmonic generation （EEHG） scheme offers remarkable efficiency for generating high harmonic microbunching with a relatively small energy modulation. A proof of principle experiment of the EEHG scheme has been proposed at the Shanghai deep ultraviolet （SDUV） free electron laser （FEL） facility, where the 4th harmonic of the seed laser is amplified in the 9 m long radiator. To explore the advantages of the EEHG scheme, in this paper, a method of measuring the coherent high harmonic radiation of the radiator is proposed to investigate the electron beam microbunching corresponding to the 10th-20th harmonics of the seed laser. The principle of the proposed method, comparisons with existing methods and the simulation results are presented and discussed.     

Design of cascading two stages of high gain harmonic generation scheme based on Shanghai deep ultraviolet free electron laser

Cascading stages of high gain harmonic generation free electron laser (FEL) seem to be a feasible way to generate short wavelength radiation. With help of the analytical estimates, we design a two-stage cascading scheme to achieve 131nm DUV radiation on the basis of the Shanghai deep ultraviolet free electron laser test facility. Detailed studies on the FEL performance, the stability and the sensitivity of the output power to parameter variation have been achieved by GENESIS1.3, and design of the lattice structure is presented.     

上海深紫外自由电子激光的非线性谐波辐射研究

 自由电子激光中的非线性谐波辐射能达到较高的谐波功率，可以用来得到短波长辐射或者降低第4代先进光源对电子束团品质的严厉要求。基于3维自由电子激光软件，深入详细地研究了上海深紫外自由电子激光装置的非线性谐波辐射，并且提出了谐波辐射实验和测量建议。研究表明上海深紫外自由电子激光装置3次非线性谐波辐射的功率可以达到基波功率的2%水平。     

Single-shot measurement of free-electron laser polarization at SDUV-FEL

In this paper, a division-of-amplitude photopolarimeter(DOAP) for measuring the polarization state of a free-electron laser(FEL) pulse is described. The incident FEL beam is divided into four separate beams, and four Stokes parameters can be measured in a single-shot. In the crossed-planar undulators experiment at the Shanghai deep ultraviolet FEL test facility, this DOAP instrument constructed in house responsed accurately and timely while the polarization-state of fully coherent FEL pulses were switched, which is helpful for confirming the crossed-planar undulators technique for short-wavelength FELs.     

Design of EPU oscillator cavity in femtosecond accelerator

We adopt the groove guide as the cavity of the undulator to reduce the diffraction effect. The groove guide has the advantages of lower surface energy loss, larger power capacity, less modes, and larger structure dimension over the traditional method waveguide. The attenuation calculation is given in this paper including the cavity optimization. And the dispersive character indicates that the oscillator can work in different modes with the change of the electron beam energy.