基于十粒子Cluster态的受控双向量子隐形传态在噪声背景下的纠缠特性及保真度优化方法

本文提出了一种利用弱测量进行纠缠预补偿的方法。首先分析了十粒子Cluster态的受控双向量子隐形传态的传输过程,通过理论推导给出了不同测量基下相应的幺正变换,成功得到对方待传的未知量子态。在此基础上重点研究了振幅阻尼噪声对量子隐形传态纠缠保真度的影响,并根据弱测量和反馈测量对量子传输信道的调控特性,提出了预补偿的纠缠优化方法。理论分析与性能仿真结果表明,相比于现有纠缠优化方法,本方法不需要引入任何辅助粒子和复杂的系统操作就能获得更高的隐形传态保真度,对克服纠缠退相干带来的隐形传态质量下降具有一定意义。     

基于Cluster态的受控隐形传态在不同噪声中的保真度分析及优化

在噪声信道上进行量子隐形传态的过程中,量子Cluster态(即团簇态)会发生消相干现象,造成隐形传态传输质量下降甚至传送信息失败。为克服该影响,本文提出了一种利用部分测量进行补偿优化的方法。首先分析了在五粒子团簇态所形成的量子信道上进行受控量子隐形传态的过程,然后推导了不同测量基下的量子坍塌态,最后成功接收发送方传送的信息。接下来,我们分析了在不同噪声信道上进行隐形传态对其性能的影响,并且依据部分测量的补偿机理提出保真度补偿的纠缠优化方法。仿真结果表明,相比于仅进行弱测量的纠缠补偿方法,本文使用的部分测量的方法可以实现更高的量子隐形传态保真度,此结论对提高噪声环境下的量子隐形传态保真度性能具有一定参考意义。     

多跳噪声量子纠缠信道特性及最佳中继协议

在量子通信网络中, 最佳中继路径的计算与选择策略是影响网络性能的关键因素. 针对噪声背景下量子隐形传态网络中的中继路径选择问题, 本文首先研究了相位阻尼信道及振幅阻尼信道上的纠缠交换过程, 通过理论推导给出了两种多跳纠缠交换信道上的纠缠保真度与路径等效阻尼系数. 在此基础上提出以路径等效阻尼系数为准则的隐形传态网络最佳中继协议, 并给出了邻居发现、量子链路噪声参数测量、量子链路状态信息传递、中继路径计算与纠缠资源预留等工作的具体过程. 理论分析与性能仿真结果表明, 相比于现有的量子网络路径选择策略, 本文方法能获得更小的路径平均等效阻尼系数及更高的隐形传态保真度. 此外, 通过分析链路纠缠资源数量对协议性能的影响, 说明在进行量子通信网设计时, 可以根据网络的规模及用户的需求合理配置链路纠缠资源.     

量子隐形传态看作量子信道

非理想的纠缠资源和非标准的量子隐形传态操作导致非理想的量子态传输.本文从Nielsen-Caves理论出发,导出了非理想的量子隐形传态过程对应的量子信道的明显表达式.这给我们提供了对量子隐形传态的新认识,即量子隐形传态过程可等效地看作量子态依次通过三个量子信道的过程,这三个信道分别对应于发送者的测量、纠缠态和接收者的操作.特别地,我们建立了纠缠态与量子信道之间的一一对应关系,即一个纠缠态对应于这样一个量子信道,如果把描述该量子信道的Kraus算符用Pauli算符展开,则得到的参数矩阵就是该纠缠态的密度算符在Bell基下的矩阵.我们还导出了量子隐形传态保真度的明显表达式.我们的结果解析地揭示了输出态和保真度对纠缠资源和量子隐形传态操作的依赖关系.     

纠缠相干态的量子隐形传态

提出利用双模纠缠相干态作为量子信道，实现纠缠相干态量子隐形传态的方案. 分别在非正交的相干态表象和另一个由相干态构成的正交态表象对双模纠缠相干态的隐形传态进行具体分析. 发现在相干态表象，虽然只要线性光学元件就可以完成隐形传态，但成功的概率小于1/2，而在正交态表象，只要能分辨4个由相干态构成的Bell态，成功的概率就是1. 关键词： 隐形传态 纠缠相干态 纠缠相干态量子信道     

连续变量量子离物传态的实验研究

利用单个Ⅱ类相位匹配OPA产生的双模压缩态实现连续变量压缩纠缠态，完成了连续变量量 子离物传态. Ⅱ类相位匹配OPA参量反放大过程可以实现正交振幅反关联、正交位相关联的 压缩纠缠态，这不同于一般运转于阈值以下的OPO产生的正交振幅关联、正交位相反关联的 压缩纠缠态，可以采用直接平衡测量的方法完成Bell态测量. 利用双KTP补偿非线性过程的 离散效应，获得了最大压缩大于2dB的双模压缩纠缠态，实现保真度06，考虑到探测效率 实际保真度为057. 这种方案简化了测量方法与纠缠光源产生装置，有利于进行量子通信 的实验研究与应用. 同时，讨论了探测过程中的一些非理想因素. 关键词： 量子离物传态 压缩纠缠态 Bell态测量     

基于免退纠缠态的原子态隐形传输

量子隐形传态易受噪声环境的影响。为了减小这种不利影响,基于振幅衰减噪声模型,提出一种基于免退纠缠态和量子错误避免代码技术的量子隐形传态方案。在这个方案中,一种4比特的免退纠缠态被作为量子纠缠信道,被传输的单个比特的量子信息被编码为两个比特。该方案的优点是隐形传输具有非常高的保真度,并且具有100%成功率。该项研究对改善量子通讯有重要的作用。     

双模最小关联混合态作为量子信道实现量子隐形传态的保真度

基于Braunstein和Kimble提出的B-K方案以双模最小关联混合态作为量子信道实施对未知量子态的隐形传送，并以传送相干态为例进行了研究.结果表明：双模最小关联混合态作为一种广义的Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen型纠缠态在实现量子隐形传态中能很好地担当量子信道的角色，在纠缠度和压缩度选择适当的条件下被传送未知量子态的保真度可以达到1.这是比双模压缩真空态更优越的量子信道. 关键词： 量子隐形传态 双模最小关联混合态 保真度     

利用单个三粒子最大GHZ态或两个EPR态隐形传送任意三粒子GHZ态

提出利用单个三粒子最大Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ)态或两个Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR)态作为量子信道确定性隐形传送任意三粒子GHZ态的两个方案，并将方案推广至隐形传送任意n(n≥4)粒子GHZ态的情况.讨论了量子信道受噪声影响时隐形传态的保真度.研究发现，当作为量子信道的单个三粒子最大GHZ态受到噪声影响时，隐形传态的保真度仅与量子信道的纠缠度有关，而当作为量子信道的两个EPR态受到噪声影响时，隐形传态的保真度不仅与量子信道的纠缠度有关，还与待传送态的纠缠度有关.所提出的方案具有节省量子信道纠缠资源的特点. 关键词： 隐形传态 三粒子Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger态 量子逻辑门 保真度     

利用两个纠缠对隐形传送任意三原子W态

提出利用两个Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen(EPR)态作为量子信道隐形传送任意三原子W态的方案,并将该方案推广至隐形传送任意N(N≥4)原子W态.研究了实施方案的两种方法,给出了完成隐形传态的一种新思路:解纠缠-隐形传送-重构纠缠.讨论了量子信道受噪声影响时隐形传态的保真度.结果表明,当作为量子信道的两个最大纠缠态受到噪声影响时,隐形传态的保真度不仅与量子信道的纠缠度有关,还与待传送态中某一子系统的共生纠缠度有关.所提出的方案具有操作简便,节省量子信道纠缠资源的特点.     

Entanglement and quantum teleportation via decohered tripartite entangled states

The entanglement behavior of two classes of multi-qubit system, GHZ and GHZ like states passing through a generalized amplitude damping channel is discussed. Despite this channel causes degradation of the entangled properties and consequently their abilities to perform quantum teleportation, one can always improve the lower values of the entanglement and the fidelity of the teleported state by controlling on Bell measurements, analyzer angle and channel’s strength. Using GHZ-like state within a generalized amplitude damping channel is much better than using the normal GHZ-state, where the decay rate of entanglement and the fidelity of the teleported states are smaller than those depicted for GHZ state.     

Noisy teleportation of qubit states via the Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger state or the W state

The effects of distributing entanglement through the amplitude damping channel or the phase damping channel on the teleportation of a single-qubit state via the Greenberger--Horne--Zeilinger state and the W state are discussed. It is found that the average fidelity of teleportation depends on the type and rate of the damping in the channel. For the one-qubit affected case, the Greenberger--Horne--Zeilinger state is as robust as the W state, i.e., the same quantum information is preserved through teleportation. For the two-qubit affected case, the W state is more robust when the entanglement is distributed via the amplitude damping channel; if the entanglement is distributed via the phase damping channel, the W state is more robust when the noisy parameter is small while the Greenberger--Horne--Zeilinger state becomes more robust when it is large. For the three-qubit affected case, the Greenberger--Horne--Zeilinger state is more robust than the W state.     

A General Method of Selecting Quantum Channel for Bidirectional Quantum Teleportation

Based on tensor representation and Bell basis measurement in bidirectional quantum teleportation, a criterion that can be used to judge whether a four-qubit quantum state can be regarded as quantum channel or not in bidirectional teleportation is suggested and a theoretical scheme of bidirectional teleportation via four-qubit state as the quantum channel is proposed. In accordance with this criterion we give a general method of selecting quantum channel in bidirectional teleportation, which is determined by the channel parameter matrix R in the Bell basis measurement. This general method provide a theoretical basis for quantum channel selection in bidirectional quantum teleportation experiments.     

A Novel Scheme for Quantum Teleportation of N-Particle Generalized Bell-Type States Using Minimal Entanglement Resources

In this paper, we present an efficient scheme for the teleportation of an arbitrary N-particle generalized Bell-type state using a single Bell pair as entanglement channel. For odd and even N-particle states the scheme slightly differs and it is discussed in detail for the simplest cases, 3 and 4 particle states. Further, we have compared the quantum cost of our scheme with other teleportation schemes which use a single Bell pair as entanglement channel.

     

Entanglement teleportation via werner states

Transfer of entanglement and information is studied for quantum teleportation of an unknown entangled state through noisy quantum channels. We find that the quantum entanglement of the unknown state can be lost during the teleportation even when the channel is quantum correlated. We introduce a fundamental parameter of correlation information which dissipates linearly during the teleportation through the noisy channel. Analyzing the transfer of correlation information, we show that the purity of the initial state is important in determining the entanglement of the replica state.     

Short-Distance Teleportation of an Arbitrary Two-Qubit State Via a Bell State

We propose a scheme for teleportation of an arbitrary two-qubit state by using a Bell state as the quantum channel working together with an auxiliary qubit. Our scheme needs less entanglement resource, but at the cost of shortening teleportation distance. This is because that in order to successfully recover the teleported state, both sender and receiver need to implement quantum-gate operations on the shared auxiliary qubit. So, the auxiliary qubit must be close to both sender and receiver. Otherwise, the sender and receiver cannot carry out quantum-gate operations on it. Thus, our scheme is invalid for long-distance teleportation. But for short-distance teleportation, our scheme is an optimal choice because it requires less entanglement resource. From a practical point of view, our scheme is very promising for application in quantum teleportation on chip.

     

利用三粒子纠缠态建立量子隐形传态网络的探讨

利用W态纠缠源可以产生三纠缠粒子，用这些相互纠缠的粒子作为量子信道，再辅以经典信道传送Bell基联合测量信息和von Neumann测量信息，便可实现量子隐形传态网络.基于上述思想，研究了三纠缠粒子量子隐形传态网络的物理基础，得到了基于三粒子W 关键词： 量子通信 量子隐形传态 W态')" href="#">W态     

Scheme for Realizing Probabilistic Teleportation of Bipartite Photonic States via Linear Optical Elements

We propose a probabilistic scheme for realizing teleportation of bipartite photonic states using linear optical elements where only requires a two-photon Bell state used as quantum channel. It reduces the requirement of the entanglement of quantum channel, but requires an additional photon and an auxiliary maximally entangled photon pair locally.     

Controlled teleportation of an arbitrary n-qudit state using nonmaximally entangled GHZ states

In this paper, we explicitly present a general scheme for controlled quantum teleportation of an arbitrary multi-qudit state with unit fidelity and non-unit successful probability using d-dimensional nonmaximally entangled GHZ states as the quantum channel and generalized d-dimensional Bell states as the measurement basis. The expression of successful probability for controlled teleportation is present depending on the degree of entanglement matching between the quantum channel and the generalized Bell states. And the formulae for the selection of operations performed by the receiver are given according to the results measured by the sender and the controller.