二维Ising反铁磁-反铁磁超晶格的磁性

本文用有效场理论讨论二维反铁磁一反铁磁超晶格(AFAFs)在无外场时的临界温度与超晶格结构的依赖关系,并讨论了超晶格中每一层的磁化强度、磁化率与温度和超晶格结构的依赖关系,得到了由于超晶格结构导致的磁化率的异常峰的存在.并从超晶格的对称性出发讨论了反铁磁-反铁磁超晶格和铁磁-铁磁超晶格之间的异同.     

铁电层厚度对(BiCoO_3)_n/(La_(2/3)Sr_(1/3)MnO_3)_1超晶格磁电性质的影响

本文利用第一性原理,对由四方相BiCoO_3(BCO)和La_(2/3)Sr_(1/3)MnO_3(LSMO)所构造的超晶格的形成能、电子结构与磁电性质进行了系统研究.研究表明,超晶格中BCO层厚度变化可对超晶格的电子结构,及其极化位移与自旋极化率等磁电性质产生重要影响.特别的,在BiO/Mn_BO_2为界面构型的超晶格中,当BCO侧为一个单胞层时,超晶格表现出半金属性,可获得100%自旋极化率.上述研究结果对于新型自旋电子器件研究具有一定科学意义.     

超晶格结构的离子束沟道分析

1970年,Leo Esaki和 Ray Tsu首先提出了超晶格的概念[1].他们从量子力学的基本理论推论出超晶格具有电子传输和光学性质的可剪裁性,并指出了可能实现的制备超晶格的方法,即把两种不同的半导体材料交替地生长在一起,形成一种超薄多层结构(组分超晶格).随着分子束外延(MBE)技术的完善和发展,三年后L.L.Chang等人用MBE方法首先成功地实现了Ga_(1-x)AIxAs/GaAs组分超晶格的制备[2].其后 InAs/GaAs,InxGa_(1-x)As/GaAs,InAs/GaSb,AlSb/Gasb 和 GaAs_(x)P_(1-x)/GaAs等各种系列的组分超晶格都相继制成和得以研究. 把 RBS(Ruther…     

(Si)n/(Ge)n超晶格几何结构

本文用Keating模型计算了Si_1-xGe_x(x=0—1)作衬底、沿(100)方向生长的(Si)_n/(Ge)_n(n=1—6)应力超晶格的几何结构,并讨论了衬底对超晶格生长的影响,计算结果发现对于(Si)_n/(Ge)_n超晶格,用适当的Si_1-xGe_x作衬底有利于超晶格的生长。 关键词：     

半导体超晶格

超晶格材料是用现代薄膜生长技术制成的一种新型材料,它在过去的自然界中从未存在过,是一种完全新的人工制造的晶体. 1970年,美国IBM公司的江崎玲于奈(L.Esaki)和朱兆祥首次在GaAs半导体上制成了超晶格结构[1].以后,半导体超晶格的研究工作得到了很快的发展,不仅研制出GaAs和各种Ⅲ-V族化合物超晶格材料,而且Ⅳ-Ⅳ族、Ⅱ-Ⅵ族、Si超晶格以及非晶态半导体超晶格等也已相继出现,有一些已经获得实用,做成了相当重要的微电子和光电子器件.半导体超晶格以及与之相联系的异质结中的许多物理现象,特别是低维物理现象已引起了人们广泛的兴趣.近…     

Ge_xSi_(1-x)/Si超晶格中周期不均匀对折叠声学声子拉曼线宽的影响

本文报导了在 Ge_Si_(1-x)/Si 超晶格中观察到了超晶格周期不均匀导致的折叠声学声子拉曼谱线展宽,这种谱线展宽与折叠指数(m)有关,折叠声学声子的谱线越宽,m 相同的折叠声学声子具有相同的线宽。     

1 eV吸收带边GaInAs/GaNAs超晶格太阳能电池的阱层设计

使用In, N分离的GaInAs/GaNAs超晶格作为有源区是实现高质量1eV带隙 GaInNAs基太阳能电池的重要方案之一. 为在实验上生长出高质量相应吸收带边的超晶格结构, 本文采用计算超晶格电子态常用的Kronig-Penney模型比较了不同阱层材料选择下, 吸收带边为1 eV的GaInAs/GaNAs超晶格相关参数的对应关系以及超晶格应变状态. 结果表明: GaNAs与GaInAs作为超晶格阱层材料在实现1 eV的吸收带边时具有不同的考虑和要求; 在固定1 eV的吸收带边时, GaNAs材料作为阱层可获得较好的超晶格应变补偿, 将有利于生长高质量且充分吸收的太阳能电池有源区. 关键词： GaInAs/GaNAs超晶格 Kronig-Penney模型 太阳能电池     

晶格匹配InAs/AlSb超晶格材料的分子束外延生长研究

InAs/GaSb超晶格是量子级联激光器(quantum cascade lase,QCL)和带间级联激光器(interband cascade lasers,ICL)结构中重要的组成,特别是作为ICL的上下超晶格波导层是由大量的超薄外延层(纳米量级)交替生长而成,细微的晶格失配便会直接导致材料晶体质量变差,而且每层的厚度和组分变化会强烈影响材料结构性能.论文研究验证了InAs/GaSb超晶格材料生长的最佳温度约在420℃.通过在衬底旋转的情况下生长40周期短周期GaSb/AlSb和InAs/GaSb超晶格,并采用XRD测量拟合获得了GaSb和AlSb层厚分别为5.448 nm和3.921 nm,以及InAs和GaSb层厚分别为8.998 nm和13.77 nm,误差在10%以内,获得了InAs/AlSb超晶格的生长最优条件.在GaSb衬底上生长晶格匹配的40周期的InAs/AlSb超晶格波导层,充分考虑飘逸As注入对InAs/AlSb超晶格平均晶格常数的影响,在固定SOAK时间为3 s的条件下,通过变化As压为1.7×10^-6 mbar来调整个超晶格的平均晶格常...     

(InAs)1/(GaSb)1超晶格原子链的第一原理研究

利用第一原理平面波赝势法, 对(InAs)₁/(GaSb)₁超晶格原子链的原子结构、力学特性、电子能带结构、 声子结构和光学特性进行研究, 并结合密度泛函理论数值原子轨道赝势法和非平衡格林函数法计算量子输运特性. 与二维层结构的(InAs)₁/(GaSb)₁超晶格相比, (InAs)₁/(GaSb)₁超晶格原子链的能带结构有明显不同, 在某些情况下表现为金属能带特性. 对理想条件下(InAs)₁/(GaSb)₁ 超晶格原子链的力学强度计算表明, 该结构可承受的应变高达 ε=0.19. 通过对声子结构的完整布里渊区分析, 研究了(InAs)₁/(GaSb)₁超晶格原子链的结构稳定性. 对两端接触电极为Al纳米线的InAs/GaSb超晶格原子链的电子输运特性计算表明, 电导随链长和应变的改变而发生非单调变化.光吸收谱的计算结果表现出在红外波段具有陡峭吸收边, 截止波长随超晶格原子链的结构而变化.预计InAs/GaSb超晶格原子链可应用于红外光电子纳米器件, 通过改变超晶格原子链的结构来调节光电响应波段.     

极性补偿对LaMnO3/LaNiO3超晶格交换偏置场强度的影响

钙钛矿超晶格中蕴含着丰富的磁现象,特别是锰酸镧/镍酸镧超晶格中的异常磁交换偏置现象是一个研究热点.本文采用脉冲激光沉积技术,制备出不同取向的锰酸镧/镍酸镧超晶格,并对超晶格的电输运性能和交换偏置现象进行了系统的研究.实验发现,超晶格在不同取向的衬底上外延生长并保持晶格应力;超晶格的母体是Mott绝缘体并遵循二维Mott变程跃迁导电机理;不同取向的超晶格都表现出交换偏置现象;场冷和零场冷曲线表明在低温下超晶格中存在两种不同的磁性组元.对超晶格交换场强度的进一步分析发现,交换场强度与超晶格的取向以及超晶格与衬底界面处的极性补偿有关.在不同温度下都观察到,极性连续的超晶格的交换场强度都高于极性失配的超晶格.上述研究结果对进一步理解钙钛矿超晶格中的磁电输运性能有所帮助.     

RAMAN SCATTERING INTENSITIES OF FOLDED LONGITUDINAL ACOUSTIC PHONONS IN GexSi1-x/Si SUPERLATTICES

In terms of photoelastic mechanism we have investigated the Raman scattering intensities of the folded longitudinal acoustic (FLA) phonons in Ge_xSi_1-x/ Si superlattices (SLs), taking into account the differences between the acoustic and photoelastic parameters of the two constituents in the SLs. The relative intensities calculated for the FLA phonons are in excellent agreement with the experimental results at the frequencies up to about 50 cm^-1. The broadening of the linewidth arising from the so called strong acoustic attenuation, which was reported previously located around the frequency 15 cm^-1 in Ge_xSi_1-x/Si SLs(x≈0.5), has not been observed in this work.     

Enhancement of photoelastic constant of optical thin film waveguide assisted by surface acoustic wave

In the present research, we proposed a method of controlling the photoelastic constant using surface acoustic waves, which had not previously been reported, and carried out experimental studies thereof. A Bragg diffraction was carried out to determine the photoelastic constants of Ta2O5. As a result, it is confirmed that the photoelastic constant of a Ta2O5 thin film undergoing a sputtering process, during which surface acoustic waves were excited on the substrate, was about 2.19-2.27 times larger than those of thin films on which surface acoustic waves were not excited.     

Acoustooptical and elastic properties of laminated KY(MoO4)2 crystals

Data on acoustic (absorption and velocity of sound), optical (refractive index and optical absorption coefficient), and photoelastic (coefficients of acoustooptical quality and photoelastic constants) properties of KY(MoO₄)₂ crystals are obtained. It is shown that, not only does the anisotropy of binding forces lead to a significant anisotropy of acoustic and photoelastic properties, but it also determines anomalously high elastic nonlinearity in the direction of the Y-axis perpendicular to cleavage planes.     

Distinctive features of Raman-Nath scattering of light by sound in easy-plane antiferromagnets

This paper discusses the acoustic diffraction of light in the presence of an exchange-enhanced photoelastic interaction of aniferromagnetic origin resulting from acoustic modulation of the dielectric permittivity due to oscillations in the antiferromagnetism vector L. In the “easy-plane” type of antiferromagnet these oscillations arise from antiferromagnetoelastic interactions, and can be so large that the photoelastic interaction corresponding to them can be comparable in value to (or even exceed) the interaction in well-known nonmagnetic crystals actually used in acoustooptic devices. The advantage of antiferromagnets lies in the fact that both the diffraction angle and the amplitude of the diffracted light can depend on the magnitude and direction of a magnetic field in these materals. Here the Raman-Nath diffraction regime is discussed, which is probably more favorable from an experimental point of view for the antiferromagnets in question. It is shown that for these materials, the usual mechanism of photoelastic interaction associated with acoustic modulation of the index of refraction is accompanied by an additional mechanism arising from modulation of the polarization of the optical modes. Qualitative estimates are given for FeBO₃. Zh. éksp. Teor. Fiz. 112, 1464–1475 (October 1997)     

光学材料破坏的超声模型

给出了光学玻璃材料在强泵浦光作用下由光弹耦合激发超声波的瞬态受激布里渊散射理论模型，通过几个合理的近似利用数值计算给出该过程激发的超声波强度对泵浦光强度以及脉宽的依赖关系，计算表明光泵浦光强度超过一定阈值后该超声波能引起光学材料的破坏。     

一种基于反馈环的全光纤干涉型传声器

设计了一种基于光纤反馈环的全光纤干涉型传声器，它直接利用声压作用于光纤时产生的光弹效应对光相位进行调制，并通过3×3耦合器构建的反馈环结构形成干涉效应，从而使得输出光信号经光电转换和放大后可以直接驱动扬声器还原出原输入语音信号。我们从理论和实验上对这种全光纤传声器进行了研究，在该传声器的重要参数测量方面均取得了较好的效果。     

Optical method for investigation of acoustic gyrotropy

A photoelastic method for evaluation of components of acoustic gyrotropy preudotensors from acoustic-gyrotropy-induced changes in diffraction curves in elastograms of light diffraction on ultrasound waves propagating along acoustic axes in symmetry planes of elastic properties is developed. It is found that in m, 3m, 2mm, 4mm, and 6mm planal class and and inversion class crystals acoustic gyrotropy does not manifest itself in parameters of waves propagating in symmetry planes. It is shown that 222 class crystals and crystals of six other higher symmetry classes may have a sufficient number of acoustic axes in coordinate planes to ensure evaluation of all components of gyrotropy tensors by the photoelastic method. It is ensure out that evaluation of components of the inherent gyrotropy pseudotensor in 6/m or 4/m class crystals makes it possible to verify the validity of symmetry conditions, due to which only 15 components are left in this tensor in the general case. B. I. Stepanov Institute of Physics, National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, 68, F. Skorina Ave., Minsk, 220072, Belarus. Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 66, No. 1, pp. 78–83, January–February, 1999.     

Generation of acoustic solitons by a single-mode electromagnetic field

Mechanisms of acoustic pulse generation by a single-mode electromagnetic field propagating in a photoelastic material are analyzed. The anisotropy induced by acoustic excitations in an isotropic medium leads to nonlinear coupling between the polarization components of a single-mode electromagnetic field. For different conditions, it is shown that the acoustic-electromagnetic wave interaction due to mixing of the polarization components of light and acoustic waves can give rise to soliton-like coherent acoustic excitations in a thin crystal plate. When spatial dispersion is ignored, the governing system of equations for unidirectional acoustic solitons can be reduced to an integrable model. It is shown that qualitatively different scenarios of formation of acoustic solitons are possible, depending on the directions of deformation and field polarization.     

Acoustic light diffraction, associated with the modulation of the polarization of the light, in an easy-plane antiferromagnet

The intensity of acoustic light diffraction by an easy-plane antiferromagnet in the Raman-Nath regime, due to a photoelastic interaction of antiferromagnetic origin, is calculated in the case when there is no modulation of the refractive index to first order in the acoustic deformations, and the entire effect is due to the linear modulation of the light polarization. Quantitative estimates are made for FeBO₃. Pis’ma Zh. éksp. Teor. Fiz. 65, No. 4, 317–321 (25 February 1997)     

Acoustical and acoustooptical properties of lead tetraborate single crystals

The velocities of bulk acoustic waves and the acoustooptical Q factors M₂ are measured. The results of these measurements are used for calculating the photoelastic coefficients of a lead tetraborate single crystal.