低频弱场下超导铌球交流损耗的分析

本文根据Bean-London模型计算了超导铌球在迈斯纳态下由于表面穿透深度引起的磁滞损耗.在计算损耗的过程中,将准静态变化的外磁场引起的超导球表层的磁感应强度、感应电流的分布转化为静磁场问题求解,从而方便的计算出磁滞损耗的大小.     

超导电缆中螺旋形带材磁场的三维仿真

本文基于超导直流电缆应用,针对电缆中超导带材以螺旋形态缠绕于支撑管的情形,使用毕奥-萨伐定律对螺旋电流在空间任意点产生磁感应强度进行数值计算,并使用仿真软件COMSOL Multiphysics进行三维仿真。结合超导带材在外磁场下的临界电流特性,分析由此造成的电缆临界电流退化,发现在导体层带材根数相同、单根带材通流幅值相等的前提下,螺旋角度较大时磁感应强度垂直带材表面分量较小,临界电流衰减程度更小,更有利于超导电缆的稳定运行和载流能力的提升。     

Bi-2223/Ag带材超导芯中网状弱超导区的磁光图像研究

多芯Bi-2223/Ag带材的磁光图象表明,剩余磁感应强度在超导芯中的分布呈现网状弱超导区。起导芯经超声波振荡后的片尺寸小于超导芯的宽度,暗示网状弱超导区可能是网状裂痕,这可能是限制Bi-2223/Ag带材超导电流的重要原因。     

介观 Josephson 结与激发偶奇相干态的相互作用

本文研究介观 Josephson 结与激发偶奇相干态的相互作用。研究了存在非经典光场时介观 Josephson 结中超导电流的一些特性，诸如崩塌与复苏现象，流压台阶特性，直流分量涨落以及超导电流的量子相干等。结果显示，超导电流的涨落及期望值可呈现直流分量。结果还显示稳态超导电流量，超导电流涨落的直流分量以及超导电流直流分量的关联函数等皆与光场的相位有关。     

电流环支承的超导球表面磁场计算

本文基于磁荷模型采用解析方法推证出电流环在超导球表面产生的磁场分布.首先不考虑超导球的抗磁性,由Biot-Savart定律计算出电流环在球面产生的磁场.再根据Meissner态超导体的边界条件,并基于磁荷模型计算出超导球的感应磁场.将电流环产生磁场与超导球的感应磁场叠加得到超导球表面的合磁场.     

无限长载流薄板磁场的矢势与磁感应强度计算及可视化

推导了无限长均匀薄板电流磁场的矢势和磁感应强度的解析式,将公式无量纲化,计算矢势和磁感应强度,画出中垂面上和板平面上矢势和磁感应强度曲线,并与直线电流磁场的矢势和磁感应强度进行比较,画出矢势和磁感应强度两个分量以及合磁场和方向曲面,画出了二维磁感应线,显示了磁感应强度分布规律.     

环电流磁场的数值积分法与解析解的比较和可视化

本文推导了环电流产生的磁感应强度在直角坐标系中的积分表达式,将公式无量纲化,用数值积分计算场强,画出磁感应强度两个分量以及合场强和方向曲面,画出磁感应线.本文提出了磁感应强度在直角坐标系中的解析式,通过作图验证了公式的正确性.     

带开口磁环的周期永磁聚焦系统的轴向磁场

 基于磁环的元电流模型,分析了永磁磁环的轴向磁场分布规律。理论计算和测试结果表明:轴向磁化磁环中心轴上的磁感应强度不存在径向分量,只有轴向分量;但磁环开口后,轴向磁场降低,而径向磁场增加,其中心轴上的合成磁感应强度体现出非轴对称性,不利于其在周期永磁（PPM）聚焦系统中的应用。根据磁场的轴向分量和径向分量的分布特点,设计和优化了带开口磁环的PPM系统,实现了轴向磁场的周期化。     

熔融织构YBCO块材和Bi-2223/Ag带材磁光图像研究的评述

熔融织构YBCO块材表面的磁感应强度在空间的分布和随时间的变化可以用磁光图像观测.熔融织构YBCO块材的l临界电流密度成功地由饱和抗磁场确定.局域电流密度随时间变化的反常行为从不同磁通动力学模型随空间的时间的转换理解.Bi-2223/Ag带材超导芯中的片晶中的电流密度在67K可达1.5×105A/cm2.由剩余磁感应强度的分布和超声振荡后的碎片证实的超导芯中的网状弱超导区是限制Bi-2223/Ag带材临界电流密度的主要原因.     

介观电路中电流的量子特性

基于介观电路中电荷的量子化特性和介观电容中存在弱耦合效应的物理事实,对介观LC电路进行了量子力学处理,并讨论了电路中的类超导电流的量子特性。结果表明:无源情形时介观LC电路中类超导电流随时间变化具有周期性,其平均值为零;在直流稳压电源的作用下类超导电流存在直流分量,总电流平均值存在shapiro台阶;在交流电源的作用下类超导电流也可以存在直流分量,但总电流平均值不存在Shapiro台阶。     

Theoretical analysis and simulation of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO system in lidar

A multi-conjugate adaptive optics （MCAO） can offer a possibility of widening field of view （FOV） characterized by the isoplanatic angle, and the choose of conjugate height becomes a basic problem for MCAO, which influences the size of iosplanatic angle. Considering the application of lidar, the isoplanatic angle＇s expressions of two deformable mirrors （DMs） MCAO for uplink and downlink are deduced. The effects of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO are thoughtfully discussed, and the isoplanatic angles are further analyzed. The results show that the isopanatic angle varies with the conjugate height and reaches the maximum as the conjugate height is at the optimal altitude. Moreover, the optimal conjugate height changes with the propagation distance.     

Quick single-photon detector with many avalanche photo diodes working on the time division

Due to the limit of response speed of the present single-photon detector, the code rate is still too low to come into practical use for the present quantum key distribution (QKD) system.A new idea is put up to design a quick single-photon detector.This quick single-photon detector is composed of a multi-port optic-fiber splitter and many avalanche photo diodes (APDs).Au of the ports with APDs work on the time division and cooperate with a logic discriminating and deciding unit driven by the clock signal.The operation frequency lies on the number N of ports, and can reach N times of the conventional single-photon detector.The single-photon prompt detection can come true for high repetition-rate pulses.The applying of this detector will largely raise the code rate of the QKD, and boost the commercial use.     

Characterization of PolyA and PolyC mismatches by Raman spectroscopy

A.C mismatches are studied by Raman spectral characterization of PolyA, PolyC, and their equimolar complex in solution of 0.14 mol/L Na ,pH7.0.Experimental results show that A·C mismatches occur to be A/B (mainly A) conformers, and unlike Watson-Crick base pairing, this kind of mismatches is stabilized by only one hydrogen bond involving cytosine N4H2 and adenine N7.The formation of A·C complex makes the base stacking interactions much stronger, and conformation of the backbone more ordered, which leads to obvious Raman hypochromic effect with some shifts in corresponding bands.     

Improvement of four-wave mixing-based wavelength conversion efficiency in dispersion shifted fiber by 40-GHz clock pumping

40-GHz clock modulated signal as a pump to improve the efficiency of four-wave mixing (FWM)-based wavelength conversion in a 26.5-km dispersion shifted fiber (DSF) is investigated. The experimental results demonstrate that the conjugated FWM component has higher intensity with the clock pumping than that with the continuous-wave (CW) light pumping. The improvement of FWM-based wavelength conversion efficiency is negligible when the pump power is less than Brillouin threshold. But when the pump power is greater than Brillouin threshold, the improvement becomes significant and increases with the increment of pump power. The improvement can increase up to 9 dB if pump power reaches 17 dBm.     

Multi-pulse operation of a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser

Our experimental results show that the presence of a proper amount of negative group velocity dispersion is essential to multi-pulse operation of a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser. We demonstrate that the pulse separations and the number of pulses contained within a cavity round trip are strongly dependent on the initial perturbations. The results allow us to get a better understanding on the influences of the convoluted self-phase modulation and intra-cavity dispersions on the stable multi-pulse oscillation in a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser.     

Propagation of Helmholtz-Gauss beams in weak turbulent atmosphere

Based on the Rytov approximation of light propagation in weak turbulent atmosphere,the closed-form expressions of field and average irradiance of each one of the four fundamental families of Helmholtz-Gauss (HzG)beams:cosine-Gauss beams,stationary Mathieu-Gauss beams,stationary parabolic-Gauss beams,and Bessel-Gauss beams,which are propagating in weak turbulent atmosphere,are obtained.The results show that the field and average irradiance can be written as the product of four factors:complex amplitude depending on the z-coordinate only,a Ganssian beam.a factor of complex phase perturbation induced by atmospheric turbulence,and a complex scaled version of the transverse shape of the non-diffracting beam.The effect of weak atmospheric turbulence on irradiance distribution of the HzG beam can be ignored.     

An effective method for reducing speckle noise in digital holography

An effective method for reducing the speckle noise in digital holography is proposed in this paper.Different from the methods based on classical filtering technique,it utilizes the multiple holograms which are generated by rotating the illuminating light continuously.The intensity images reconstructed by a series of holograms generated by rotating the illuminating light possess different speckle patterns.Hence by properly averaging the reconstructed intensity fields,the speckle noises can be reduced greatly.Experimental results show that the proposed method is simple and effective to reduce speckle noise in digital holography.     

Influence of purity of HfO2 on reflectance of ultraviolet multilayer

The impurities in two kinds of HfO2 materials and in their corresponding single layer thin films were determined through glow discharge mass spectrum technology and secondary ion mass spectrometry(SIMS) equipment respectively.It was found that ZrO2 was the main impurity in the two kinds of HfO2 either in the original HfO2 materials or in the electron beam deposited films.In addition,the difference of Zr content in the two kinds of HfO2 single laver films was much laxger than that of the other impurities such as Ti and Fe.which showed that it was just ZrO2 that made the difference between the optical performance of the film products including the two kinds of HfO2.With these two kinds of HfO2 and the same kind of SiO2.we deposited HfO2/SiO2 multilayer reflective coatings at the wavelength of 266 nm.Experimental results showed that the reflectances of these two mirrors were about 99.85% and 99.15% respectively,which agreed well with the designed results what were based on the optical constants obtained from the corresponding single layer thin films.     

Speech enhancement by array crosstalk resistant ANC and spectrum subtraction

Microphone array-based speech enhancement has great importance for speech communications and speech recognition. To reduce the aperture of the microphone array and to increase the effect of the speech enhancement will greatly broaden the application areas of the microphone array. An array crosstalk resistant adaptive noise cancellation method is therefore presented. And then an improved spectral subtraction algorithm is further cascaded to obtain better enhancement results. Theoretic analysis and experiments indicate that the proposed scheme needs only a very small microphone array while it simultaneously achieves a higher SNR improvement. Besides, the proposed scheme can be used in many noisy environments and is easy for real-time implementation.