循环流化床内颗粒团运动的数值模拟

本文引入聚合力来表征稠密气固两相流动中颗粒所受到的团聚效应,井将颗粒团视为床内的离散相,建立了颗粒团的碰撞、形成及破碎模型。用此模型对循环流化床的两相流动进行数值模拟,得到了较详细的床内流动特性。计算结果表明,用本文的模型和算法模拟工程意义上的循环流化床内的两相流动是可行的。     

Y型微通道气液两相流的数值模拟

针对Y型微通道气液两相流的数值模拟,建立了适用于微通道气液两相流的计算模型,采用CFD方法对微通道内流体的流动进行了数值研究,分析了微通道内流动状态、气泡形状以及生成周期,模拟了Y型微通道气液两相流弹状流的形成过程,并对弹状流的压力、速度、壁面剪切应力的分布、变化趋势及原因进行了深刻剖析,揭示了弹状流流动规律,为进一步加强弹状流应用打下基础,为微通道中的气液两相流动提供了可靠的理论依据。     

平面叶栅中的湿蒸汽两相结流动数值模拟

对存在自发凝结的湿蒸汽两相流动建立了完全欧拉坐标系下的数值模型.考虑水蒸汽与理想气体的偏差,引入维里型状态方程对模型作了进一步完善.对平面叶栅中的两相凝结流动进行了数值模拟,计算结果与实验值比较表明本文计算模型正确,可以扩展到三维复杂两相凝结流场的计算.     

双大涡模拟方法模拟提升管内气固两相流动

基于Smagorinsky涡黏模型以及颗粒动理学理论,建立了气固两相流双大涡模拟模型。考虑大涡模拟中过滤尺度的影响,给出颗粒相亚格子压力和热传导系数计算模型。考虑颗粒聚团对两相作用的影响,给出了考虑颗粒聚团作用的气固两相多尺度曳力系数模型。数值模拟了提升管内气固两相流动特性,合理地预测出了提升管内气固两相环-核流动结构。模拟结果与Knowlton等实测结果相吻合。     

轴向超音来流风扇转子流场数值模拟

本文根据轴向超音来流风扇流动特点,给出其流场数值模拟的边界条件,并依据出口流动状况对计算域提出相应要求,对两种轴向超音来流风扇转于内流动进行了数值模拟。     

管线中气—液两相流动数值模拟

石油、天然气开采和输运过程中大量使用管道输运。在天然气的输运过程中，常常会有凝析成份析出，构成气液两相流动。在海洋、沙漠边际油藏开采中，为了节省投资和运行费用，也倾向于采用油气混输方案。气液混输技术在石油工业中有着重要的发展前景。为了发展具有我国自主知识产权的稳态、非稳态管线气—液两相流动数值模拟软件，我们使用双流体模型，建立了一维气—液两相流动的非线性数学模型，并使用时间相关法求解了非线性方程组，对若干算例进行了数值模拟。     

6110柴油机喷雾过程的多维瞬态数值模拟研究

将柴油机全体燃烧室部件(气缸盖-气缸套-活塞组)作为一个耦合体,在对耦合体进行传热数值模拟的基础上得到喷雾过程缸内计算的壁面边界条件.利用大型通用CFD软件STAR-CD及ES-ICE,在进气压缩过程多维瞬态数值模拟基础上,对6110柴油机喷雾过程进行多维瞬态数值模拟研究.通过计算,着重分析缸内两相流动,燃油喷射、雾化以及喷雾粒子的空间分布等.     

两相壁面射流PDF方程有限分析方法及数值模拟

提出求解位置-速度相空间中高维两相流PDF(probability density function)方程的有限分析方法,将位置-速度相空间颗粒PDF方程约化到速度空间,并解析求解,颗粒的位置PDF用轨道方法求解.对壁面射流两相流动进行数值模拟,并与颗粒雷诺应力轨道方法进行比较计算,结果优于颗粒雷诺应力轨道方法.     

基于几何重建的气液两相流孔隙尺度模拟

本文基于二维micro CT扫描图像进行数值重构得到三维多孔介质几何模型,采用Shan-Chen多相格子Boltzmann方法(LBM)建立适用不规则几何边界区域内气液两相流动数值模型,在此基础上对复杂多孔介质内的两相流动过程进行孔隙尺度模拟。结果表明,气-液两相流动受限于多孔介质的复杂孔隙结构,气液表面张力、壁面润湿特性以及进出口压差对两相流动特性将产生明显影响。     

无网格方法中的背景积分方案及单颗粒下降过程的数值模拟

在用无网格方法对有边界移动的气固两相流动进行数值模拟时发现,如果采用背景积分网格对求解域进行积分,将会产生压力场的数值振荡,使计算结果失真.详细分析了产生这种数值振荡的原因,提出了解决方案,并计算了一个颗粒在管道内的下降过程.计算结果表明,提出的解决方案能有效地降低压力场的数值振荡,从而使无网格方法能应用于气固两相流动的直接数值模拟.     

The mimetic finite difference method for the 3D magnetostatic field problems on polyhedral meshes

We extend the mimetic finite difference (MFD) method to the numerical treatment of magnetostatic fields problems in mixed div–curl form for the divergence-free magnetic vector potential. To accomplish this task, we introduce three sets of degrees of freedom that are attached to the vertices, the edges, and the faces of the mesh, and two discrete operators mimicking the curl and the gradient operator of the differential setting. Then, we present the construction of two suitable quadrature rules for the numerical discretization of the domain integrals of the div–curl variational formulation of the magnetostatic equations. This construction is based on an algebraic consistency condition that generalizes the usual construction of the inner products of the MFD method. We also discuss the linear algebraic form of the resulting MFD scheme, its practical implementation, and discuss existence and uniqueness of the numerical solution by generalizing the concept of logically rectangular or cubic meshes by Hyman and Shashkov to the case of unstructured polyhedral meshes. The accuracy of the method is illustrated by solving numerically a set of academic problems and a realistic engineering problem.     

使用混合网格计算非达西渗流

针对垂直裂缝井的特殊流动模式,从非达西定律出发,建立二维平面的非达西渗流方程.通过建立一组无量纲量,最终得到无量纲的渗流方程及其定解条件.假定外边界为圆形,用PEBI网格及混合网格对求解区域进行网格划分,用有限差分法对无量纲的方程进行离散,最终得到垂直裂缝井的井底压力数值解.根据此数值解并考虑井筒存储和表皮因子的影响,得到真实垂直裂缝井的井底压力.对计算结果的分析表明,使用混合网格求解非达西渗流井底压力相当准确,该方法也适用于水平井等更复杂井型及复杂边界的问题求解.     

三维高超声速无粘定常绕流的数值模拟

本文采用一种简单有效的通量分裂结合一种二阶TVD格式的数值通量的方法,提出一种隐式的迎风有限体积格式,并利用这种格式,从气体动力学非定常Euler方程组出发,数值模拟了三维不对称物体的高超声速无粘定常绕流。数值结果表明此格式具有分辨率较高和收敛速度较快的优点。     

An Immersed Boundary Method with Formal Second-Order Accuracy and Reduced Numerical Viscosity

A formally second-order accurate immersed boundary method is presented and tested in this paper. We apply this new scheme to simulate the flow past a circular cylinder and study the effect of numerical viscosity on the accuracy of the computation by comparing the numerical results with those of a first-order method. The numerical evidence shows that the new scheme has less numerical viscosity and is therefore a better choice for the simulation of high Reynolds number flows with immersed boundaries.     

Analysis of the monotonicity conditions in the mimetic finite difference method for elliptic problems

The maximum principle is one of the most important properties of solutions of partial differential equations. Its numerical analog, the discrete maximum principle (DMP), is one of the most difficult properties to achieve in numerical methods, especially when the computational mesh is distorted to adapt and conform to the physical domain or the problem coefficients are highly heterogeneous and anisotropic. Violation of the DMP may lead to numerical instabilities such as oscillations and to unphysical solutions such as heat flow from a cold material to a hot one. In this work, we investigate sufficient conditions to ensure the monotonicity of the mimetic finite difference (MFD) method on two- and three-dimensional meshes. These conditions result in a set of general inequalities for the elements of the mass matrix of every mesh element. Efficient solutions are devised for meshes consisting of simplexes, parallelograms and parallelepipeds, and orthogonal locally refined elements as those used in the AMR methodology. On simplicial meshes, it turns out that the MFD method coincides with the mixed-hybrid finite element methods based on the low-order Raviart–Thomas vector space. Thus, in this case we recover the well-established conventional angle conditions of such approximations. Instead, in the other cases a suitable design of the MFD method allows us to formulate a monotone discretization for which the existence of a DMP can be theoretically proved. Moreover, on meshes of parallelograms we establish a connection with a similar monotonicity condition proposed for the Multi-Point Flux Approximation (MPFA) methods. Numerical experiments confirm the effectiveness of the considered monotonicity conditions.     

分形油藏非牛顿幂律流体低速非达西不稳定渗流的组合数学模型

结合分形理论与渗流理论,对分形油藏非牛顿幂律流体低速非达西不稳定渗流的试井分析问题的数学模型进行了推导.该分形油藏模型由内域为非牛顿幂律流体低速非达西渗流,外域为非牛顿幂律流体达西渗流的同心圆域组成.在考虑井筒储存、表皮效应影响下,建立了该油藏的不稳定渗流有效井径组合数学模型,在3种外边界条件下求出了两个区域内压力在Laplace空间的解析解,应用Stehfest数值反演方法求得井底的无因次压力,分析了井底压力动态特征和参数影响.非牛顿幂律流体的幂律指数、分形参数均对典型曲线产生较大的影响,呈现出与牛顿流体和均质油藏明显不同的特征.这对非均质油藏非牛顿流体的不稳定试井分析及研究其非线性渗流特征均十分重要.     

高速多组分流动的数值方法研究

针对燃气轮机内流高温、变组分的问题,在已有高精度、高分辨率算法的基础上发展了一套高速可压缩多组分流动数值计算方法。为了解决高速多组分流动中存在的特殊问题,采用全组分方程隐式联立求解和扩散速度修正方法提高了组分的守恒性和计算精度;通过求解比热比输运方程,消除了间断附近的压力振荡。经过多个典型算例验证,说明了本文方法的有效性,从而为下一步进行新一代燃气轮机内部真实流动的模拟奠定了基础。     

An improved high-order scheme for DNS of low Mach number turbulent reacting flows based on stiff chemistry solver

We present an improved numerical scheme for numerical simulations of low Mach number turbulent reacting flows with detailed chemistry and transport. The method is based on a semi-implicit operator-splitting scheme with a stiff solver for integration of the chemical kinetic rates, developed by Knio et al. [O.M. Knio, H.N. Najm, P.S. Wyckoff, A semi-implicit numerical scheme for reacting flow II. Stiff, operator-split formulation, Journal of Computational Physics 154 (2) (1999) 428–467]. Using the material derivative form of continuity equation, we enhance the scheme to allow for large density ratio in the flow field. The scheme is developed for direct numerical simulation of turbulent reacting flow by employing high-order discretization for the spatial terms. The accuracy of the scheme in space and time is verified by examining the grid/time-step dependency on one-dimensional benchmark cases: a freely propagating premixed flame in an open environment and in an enclosure related to spark-ignition engines. The scheme is then examined in simulations of a two-dimensional laminar flame/vortex-pair interaction. Furthermore, we apply the scheme to direct numerical simulation of a homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) process in an enclosure studied previously in the literature. Satisfactory agreement is found in terms of the overall ignition behavior, local reaction zone structures and statistical quantities. Finally, the scheme is used to study the development of intrinsic flame instabilities in a lean H₂/air premixed flame, where it is shown that the spatial and temporary accuracies of numerical schemes can have great impact on the prediction of the sensitive nonlinear evolution process of flame instability.     

旋转回流的一种多重交错网格计算方法

针对圆柱坐标系下原始变量Navier Stokes方程,在有限控制容积法和压力修正的基础上,引入多重交错网格算法及非线性方程的FAS全近似格式,并对封闭圆柱空腔内的旋转流动进行数值模拟.     

格子Boltzmann亚格子模型的研究

为了将格子Boltzmann法应用于大雷诺数流动的模拟,本文将Smagorinsky亚格子模型和LBGK模型相结合,并对该亚格子LBM模型进行了研究。利用该亚格子LBM模型,对二维顶盖驱动流进行了模拟,得到了若干大雷诺数下流线图和方腔中心线上无量纲速度分布。计算结果与基准解进行比较,两者相互吻合。