Wideband tunable linear-cavity fiber laser source using strain-induced chirped fiber Bragg grating

A novel wideband tunable linear-cavity fiber laser source using strain-induced chirped fiber Bragg grating (FBG) and erbium–ytterbium co-doped fibers is proposed and demonstrated for the first time. The strain-induced chirped FBG, which acts as a partial-reflecting mirror, is achieved by bending a uniform FBG bonded at a slant onto the lateral surface of a simply supported beam. A single wavelength lasing with a maximum wavelength tuning range of 17 nm has been achieved experimentally.     

带有对称啁啾光纤光栅的Sagnac环滤波器

通过在光纤Sagnac环中引入对称啁啾光纤光栅,对带有光纤光栅的Sagnac环梳状滤波器进行了改进,克服了原有滤波器工作带宽小、通带间隔不等的缺点.通过对光栅参量进行适当设计,在中等折射率调制度下,可使光栅同时具有高反射率和大反射带宽,结合Sagnac环可得到大带宽、等间隔梳状滤波器.     

基于激光器激射特性的新型应变传感系统

报道了一种基于掺铒光纤激光器瞬态特性的新型应变传感系统.用光纤环反射镜和光纤Bragg光栅(FBG)构成Fabry-Perot线型腔.腔内插入一个长周期光纤光栅(LPG)，其透射谱的中心波长为1574.4nm.FBG的带宽为0.23nm，不受力时其反射波长为1557.98nm，位于LPG的透射谱左沿；当FBG受力时激射波长向长波方向移动，激光通过LPG时透射损耗增大，腔损耗的增加将使激光激射延迟时间增加.因此，应变的大小可以通过激光产生的延迟时间来测量.这种新型应变传感器的分辨率和灵敏度由抽运光脉冲的高、 关键词： 应变传感 光纤激光器 时域测量 光纤Bragg光栅     

Photonics True-Time-Delay Unit for Phased-Array Antenna Using Multiwavelength Fiber Laser Based on a Sagnac Interferemetric Filter

A photonics true-time-delay system for phased array beamforming using a chirped grating-based time-delay element and a novel multiwavelength erbium-doped fiber ring laser source employing a Sagnac filtering mirror is proposed. The Sagnac filtering mirror consists of a polarization maintaining directional coupler and two pieces of polarization maintaining fibers. The lasing wavelength and number are determined by properly adjusting the polarization controller within the unidirectional ring cavity and are very stable. A chirped-grating-based true-time-delay system using the proposed laser source is constructed and demonstrated experimentally.     

A Novel Edge Filter Demodulation Technique by Using High Birefringence Fiber Sagnac Loop Mirror

A novel way of edge filter demodulation for fiber Bragg grating sensor is put forward. A high birefringence fiber Sagnac loop mirror is used as edge filter to demodulate FBG sensor wavelength shift in range of about 8 nm.     

基于PDMS材料的Sagnac干涉光纤挥发性有机物传感器

在一段8cm长的保偏光纤两端分别熔接两段普通的单模光纤,在保偏光纤的侧面均匀地镀上一层聚二甲基硅氧烷材料,聚二甲基硅氧烷材料经该段保偏光纤接入到一个光纤耦合器中,从而形成一个光纤Sagnac干涉仪.聚二甲基硅氧烷材料吸附挥发性有机物分子时,会引起聚二甲基硅氧烷材料体积上的膨胀,导致Sagnac干涉波长的漂移,通过对Sagnac干涉光波长漂移的测量即可实现对挥发性有机物气体的检测.实验测量了传感器对挥发性有机物浓度的响应,结果表明,在0~6 000ppm浓度范围内,传感器的灵敏度为1.03pm/ppm,由光谱仪的最小分辨率为0.02nm可知,该传感器对挥发性有机物的检测下限约为19.4ppm.该传感器相比聚二甲基硅氧烷材料与光纤光栅结合的传感器,灵敏度提高了4 300倍.     

基于长周期光纤光栅和保偏光纤Sagnac环光谱特性的温度与应变测量研究

提出并研制了一种结构简单、成本低廉的温度与应变同时测量系统,其结构是在保偏光纤Sagnac环内接入一个长周期光纤光栅(LPFG)。利用LPFG对保偏光纤Sagnac环的透射光谱进行调制,通过监测谐振峰波长和强度的变化,发现波长随温度和保偏光纤的应变变化,强度随LPFG的应变变化,因此可以实现温度与应变的区分测量,并且可判断出应变的施加位置。实验得到该系统的温度灵敏度为0.181 81 nm·℃-1,LPFG区的应变灵敏度为0.005 283 dB·με-1,保偏光纤Sagnac环区的应变灵敏度为0.015 72 nm·με-1。实验结果表明该方案可行,并具有一定的实用性。     

双折射光纤环形镜滤波器特性研究

双折射光纤环形镜具有滤波特性,将两个串联的双折射环形镜作为光学滤波器可以改善滤波特性,使其更为灵活。提出了用两个双折射光纤环形镜相串联的简单方案改善环形镜滤波特性。分析了由双折射光纤和萨尼亚克环构成的环形滤波器的透射特性,并讨论了用两个双折射光纤环形镜串联的滤波特性。从理论上模拟了双折射光纤长度比为1：2时的透射光谱形式,给出了透射光的表达式。串联后光谱中主峰的3dB带宽约为7nm,与单个环形镜相比,压缩了环形镜的3dB带宽,品质因数Q约为4．5。实验结果与理论模拟相一致,因此证实了该理论的正确性。     

具有有源闭合腔的光纤光栅传感系统地址查询技术

基于熔融拉锥技术研制的3 dB宽带耦合器的光纤环形镜的工作原理,提出了一种新型的具有有源闭合腔装置的光纤光栅传感系统。在用作闭合共振腔端镜的环形镜中写入十个波分复用光纤光栅传感元,利用共振腔中接入的法布里-珀罗滤波器,通过控制电压对传感光栅的波长扫描,实现对传感地址的查询。用非平衡的迈克耳孙扫描干涉仪将传感光栅的波长漂移信息变为相移信息,实现传感信号的解调。系统传感灵敏度的实验值为1.5835°/10-6ε,与理论值(1.6662°/10-6ε)基本吻合。     

Twist sensor based on Sagnac single-mode optic fiber interferometer

An optical fiber twist sensor based on Sagnac single-mode optic fiber interferometer is proposed. The stress-induced birefringence of single-mode optical fiber is obtained by applying a transverse force against a short length of singlemode fiber. A high sensitivity and resolution of the twist angle measurement of 0.19 nm/° and 0.002° is achieved experimentally, respectively. The proposed sensor is more convenient and simple than that of standard polarization-maintaining fibers.     

基于激光瞬态特性的气体浓度光纤传感器

报道了一种基于掺铒光纤激光器瞬态特性的新型气体浓度传感器.用光纤环全反镜和光纤Bragg光栅(FBG)构成F-P线形腔，通过调节光栅的反射波长，使激光激射波长落在C₂H₂的一个较强的吸收峰1531.56 nm.激光激射延迟时间与激光器谐振腔损耗密切相关，气体浓度的改变将引起谐振腔损耗的改变，通过测量激光激射延迟时间可以获得气体的浓度.该装置分辨率及灵敏度由抽运光脉冲的高功率电平和低功率电平决定，传感器的动态测量范围由抽运光高功率电平决定.当高功率和低功率电平分别为25 mW和5.9 mW时,该传感器的灵敏度和分辨率分别为100 ppm/μs和20 ppm.     

新型波长解调技术在干涉型光纤传感器输出解调中的应用

提出了一种改进型边缘滤波波长解调技术,解决干涉型或谐振型光纤传感器输出的干涉谱波长的快速解调问题。该波长解调技术基于啁啾光栅和长周期光栅的光谱特点,以啁啾光栅作为矩形滤波器,提取传感器输出干涉谱的一个干涉峰;以长周期作为边缘滤波器,将干涉峰的波长信息转化为光强信息进行检测。该波长解调技术波长解调范围为传感器输出干涉谱的一个自由光谱范围(FSR),解调速度快,克服了当前波长解调技术中存在的测量范围与测量速度难以同时提高的问题,同时还具有系统成本低 ,体积小,能够灵活多路扩展的特点。详细介绍了解调系统的工作原理以及系统结构,并将其实际应用于一种干涉型光纤电流传感器输出干涉谱的波长解调中。通过实验证明电流传感器工作在工频及脉冲电流(脉冲宽度25 μs)情况下,该解调系统对传感器输出干涉谱具有准确、快速的解调效果。该研究对推进干涉或谐振型光纤传感器的实际工程化水平的提高具有重要意义。     

A Miniaturized Tunable Filter Based on a Fiber Bragg Grating Loaded by a Ceramic-Tube Microheater

A miniaturized 1.55 μm tunable fiber Bragg grating (FGB) filter is proposed and successfully demonstrated using an aluminum ceramic-tube with a tungsten thick film sleeve microheater. Fine tuning of the Bragg reflective wavelength with 0.0135 nm/^oC is achieved by adding the constant thermal distribution along the uniform FBG with a 0.3 nm bandwidth. Furthermore, a 1.5 nm linearly chirped reflection bandwidth is obtained by thermal gradient loading.     

基于高双折射Sagnac环的可调环形腔掺铒光纤激光器理论与实验研究

报道了一种利用偏振控制器（PC）和保偏光纤（PMF）组成的高双折射Sagnac干涉环实现选频和调谐的环形腔掺铒光纤激光器.理论模拟了PMF和PC对波长的控制作用.实验中调节PC得到了单波长、双波长和多波长激光;并验证了滤波间隔随PMF长度的变化规律.实验中得到了斜率效率20%,3 dB线宽0.016 nm,30 dB线宽0.097 nm,边模抑制比（SMSR）40 dB左右的稳定激光输出. 关键词： 光纤激光器 Sagnac干涉环 环形腔 掺铒光纤     

Group velocity dispersion and polarization mode dispersion compensation by high-birefringence linearly chirped fiber Bragg grating

A high-birefringence linearly chirped fiber Bragg grating (FBG) is written into a polarization-maintaining photosensitive fiber by ultraviolet (UV) beam through a linearly chirped phase mask. Its performance as group velocity dispersion (GVD) and polarization mode dispersion (PMD) compensator is demonstrated in short pulse fiber optical transmission systems.     

一种新型自激发布里渊掺铒光纤激光器

利用级联的受激布里渊效应,自激发布里渊掺铒光纤激光器可以实现常温下的多波长激光输出。通过在自激发掺铒光纤激光器中引入一个高双折射萨尼亚克(Sagnac)环形滤波器,调节萨尼亚克环形滤波器的偏振控制器(PC),实现了可调谐多波长输出,同时在实验中观测到双布里渊多波长带的现象。研究了这种光纤激光器中萨尼亚克环形滤波器的带宽和980 nm抽运光功率对输出波长数的影响,在萨尼亚克环形滤波器的带宽为83.3 nm以及980 nm抽运光功率为260 mW时,得到了52个间隔为0.088 nm的多波长激光输出。     

Microwave generation using an all polarization-maintaining linear cavity dual-wavelength fiber laser with tunable wavelength spacing

A stable dual-wavelength erbium-doped fiber laser with a linear cavity is formed by a polarization-maintaining uniform fiber Bragg grating (PM-FBG) and a polarization-maintaining linearly chirped fiber Bragg grating (PM-LCFBG), both of which were fabricated on a high-birefringence (Hi-Bi) fiber. Experimental results show stable dual-wavelength lasing operation with a wavelength separation of ∼0.22 nm, which can be tuned down to as small as 0.05 nm and a large optical signal-to-noise ratio (OSNR) of over 40 dB under room-temperature. Microwave signal at frequency of 9.41, 18.03 and 27.46 GHz is achieved by heterodyned the output lasing wavelengths on a photodetector.     

Simultaneous Double-Color Continuous Wave Raman Fiber Laser at 1239 nm and 1484 nm Using Phosphosilicate Fiber

Simultaneous double-color high-power continuous wave (CW) Raman fiber laser at 1239 nm and 1484 nm is demonstrated which uses CW 8.4 W Yb-doped double-clad fiber laser at 1064 nm as a pump, 1 km phosphosilicate fiber, and cascaded cavities consisting of two pairs of fiber Bragg grating (FBG) mirrors. Maximum output powers are 0.65 W at 1239 nm and 0.97 W at 1484 nm with a 50%/50% output mirror reflectivity pair, and 0.37 W at 1239 nm and 1.06 W at 1484 nm with a 75.5%/50% pair. The output characteristics of this laser for different FBG mirror reflectivities are reported.     

Stable multiwavelength fiber ring laser with equalized power spectrum based on a semiconductor optical amplifier

We experimentally demonstrated a new structure of a multiwavelength semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA) ring laser based on a fiber Sagnac loop filter that can generate up to 25 stable output lasing wavelengths at room temperature. By varying the length of a polarization-maintaining (PM) fiber within the Sagnac loop filter, the wavelength spacing between the output lasing wavelengths can be changed to a desired value. By tuning a polarization controller (PC) within the Sagnac loop filter, stable multiwavelength 1550-nm operation with up to 17 lasing lines within 3 dB power level variation and with a wavelength spacing of ∼0.8 nm was achieved. The optical signal-to-noise ratios (OSNRs) of all the lasing wavelengths are greater than 40 dB.     

Performance limitation of chirped-fiber-Bragg-grating-based photonic microwave notch filter due to group delay and reflectivity ripples

We investigated the performance limitation of a frequency-tunable photonic microwave notch filter incorporating a chirped fiber Bragg grating (FBG) as a group delay line. In particular, we carried out theoretical and experimental studies to analyze the impact of the reflectivity ripple (RR) and group delay ripple (GDR) in the chirped FBG on the output notch performance. The results of experimental and theoretical analyses performed on a photonic microwave notch filter in which an S-bending-based linearly chirped FBG was incorporated, revealed that the notch depth and notch frequency were significantly affected by imperfections in the chirped FBG. The notch depth was found to be decreased by the RRs, whereas significant fluctuations in the notch frequency were caused by the GDRs. On the basis of the obtained results, we conclude that the RR and the GDR are the fundamental factors that degrade the performance of chirped FBG-based photonic microwave filters.