高Q光纤环谐振腔陀螺角速度传感研究

模拟仿真了谐振式光纤环腔的透射谱线以及鉴频曲线,得透射谱线最低谷值对应为调制谐振点,鉴频曲线的线性区为陀螺的工作范围区,线性区中点对应谐振点,可作为标度因数最大值.为了实现谐振点的高精度锁频和稳频,设计了谐振式光纤陀螺角速率测定方案,使用比例积分反馈电路实施锁频,利用正弦波扫描窄线宽激光器(线宽小于1kHz)的压电转化模块,使激光器谐振腔长发生变化,从而改变其输出频率,对谐振光纤环腔随外界环境变化同时进行跟踪和锁定.利用线宽法测试并计算出光纤环形谐振腔的品质因数值为107,对比分析了光纤环腔在谐振点和非谐振点锁定情况下的光电探测实时输出,并通过转动测试,得到两种情况下锁定后陀螺的连续转动效果.计算了光纤陀螺系统理论检测灵敏度,结果表明:谐振点锁定后转动效果对应的陀螺输出电平值为锁定非谐振点转速电平值的3倍,验证了谐振式光学陀螺谐振点锁频的重要性.     

超高Q值光学微腔光谱信号采集系统设计与分析

针对超高品质因子Q值光学微腔实验系统的光谱数据采集难题,设计了一款针对光学微腔的光谱信号采集系统。对光谱信号采集系统进行了基本功能验证,证明了系统的稳定性和实用性;分别测试了基于电弧放电法制备的光纤微球腔与基于超精密抛光法制备的氧化硅晶体微盘腔。采集了光纤微球腔和氧化硅晶体微盘腔的透射谱,并对其模式谱线进行追踪。结果表明：光纤微球腔的Q值达到2.26×10⁶,氧化硅晶体微盘腔的Q值达到10⁹;采集系统具有很好的消噪功能,模式谱线能长时间保持稳定。针对超高Q值光学微腔开发的光谱信号采集系统具有很高的可靠性,可用于微腔光子学系统以及后续微腔传感应用开发。     

基于回音壁模式微球腔的PDH稳频技术

光学微球腔因其回音壁模式可获得极高的品质因数而受到广泛关注.本文分析了Fabry-Perot腔和微球腔的基本原理,通过CO2激光熔融光纤实验制得了直径为1.2 mm的微球腔,并测试了微球腔和锥形光纤耦合结构的耦合特性.采用典型的PDH稳频系统设计了基于微球腔的稳频系统,分析了用于鉴频的误差曲线的吸收特性和色散特性,对比了不同调制频率、微球腔直径、耦合损耗、传输损耗下与误差曲线斜率的关系.结果表明:耦合状态下最大Q值可达到1.1×108,调节微球腔内横磁模和横电模的转换可优化耦合效率,匹配微球腔和锥形光纤的尺寸得到了径向二阶模式的透射谱,误差曲线效率达到15.4A mW/MHz.球腔在提高PDH稳频技术灵敏度上具有巨大潜力.     

谐振式集成光学陀螺解调特性分析

基于激光器频率谱检测技术,沿着光的传输方向分析了光波在谐振式集成光学陀螺系统中的传播,结合输入信号特征,建立频域内的数学模型,通过数值仿真和实验得到了调频检测系统下的解调曲线。按照光的传输方向：激光器、声光晶体移频器、光波导环形谐振器、探测器,利用贝塞尔函数展开和光场耦合模理论分析了谐振式集成光学陀螺解调特性,及其调频调制检测系统解调输出信号与谐振频率偏差之间的关系。通过数值计算,分析了解调曲线的变化规律,得到了施加在激光器压电陶瓷驱动器上调制波形的最佳调制系数。在实验上搭建了激光器频率调制解调技术系统,得到了解调曲线。数值仿真和实验结果表明,当调制系数M=2时,线性工作区间斜率最大,解调曲线最好。实测形状与理论分析结果相符,从解调信号得到±2×10³ rad/s的陀螺动态范围。     

基于回音壁谐振模的无标记光学生物传感技术

光学生物传感器在新药研制和生命科学等领域得到广泛关注,重点对基于回音壁谐振模的无标记光学生物传感器做了评述。根据谐振腔结构将传感器分为三类。基于微球的生物传感器由于微球腔的高品质因子而成为最初研究的重点,已实验研究了对蛋白质分子、病毒和细菌的传感响应,建立了基于单光子谐振能量和微扰理论的理论模型;基于微盘的生物传感器能够利用成熟的平面光刻微加工技术,传感构想提出更早,但直到回流热处理技术的应用才使得微盘品质因子大幅提高,从而实现了单分子测量;基于微环的生物传感器具有简单的谐振模式,有利于信号探测,已采用聚合物,氮化硅,以及硅基二氧化硅等材料制作成功,作为其在三维上的扩展,微管式传感器由于能够将光通道和流体通道合二为一而在近年得到关注。     

光学微球腔的壳层结构研究

使用时域有限差分法，对带表面壳层的光学微球腔进行模拟计算，分析了微腔内回音壁模式的能量密度分布，总结了壳层厚度对微球腔谐振性能的影响，并由此探讨对微球腔进行调谐和模式控制的方法.采用这种壳层结构，微球腔的谐振性能得到了有效提高（Q值提高了30％以上，模式体积减小了60％），为光学微球腔后续的结构设计和实际应用提供了一个新的优化思路.     

微球激光的最新研究进展

 利用回音壁模式微球腔的高Q谐振原理，可以获得微球激光。研究了微球腔的特点和微球激光产生的原理，介绍了单量子点、表面栅耦合和光纤耦合三种微球激光器，讨论了获得高Q值微球腔的方法，提出采用半导体纳米微球及通过旋转电弧或者旋涂方式制成的玻璃微球，给出了微球激光器的几种应用以及当前国内外最新进展。     

光学微球腔及其应用

光学微球腔因其极高的品质因和极小的模式体积，在非线性光学、腔体量子电动力学以及窄带光学滤波、高灵敏度运动传感器、极低阈值激光器等许多研究与应用领域具有广泛的应用前景。文章对光学微球腔的谐振原理、特点、耦合、制备和应用进行了综述。     

Si基双环级联光学谐振腔应变检测研究

绝缘衬底上的硅材料制备的光学微环谐振腔结构具有高灵敏度、结构尺寸小和极低模式体积等特性,被广泛应用到光信息传递、惯性导航领域,但极少被应用到力学信号的测试,为此,研究了一种基于硅基光学微环谐振腔结构的悬臂梁式应力/应变敏感计,利用微环谐振腔环形波导径向形变量作为感应应力的中间物理量,在外界应力作用下,环形波导的半径将发生改变,使结构的光学谐振参数产生变化,从而使光学微环谐振腔谐振谱线发生明显红移,体现出良好的应力/应变敏感特性;通过设计双环级联光学微腔,并采用MEMS光刻、ICP腐蚀工艺制备了嵌入式光学微腔应变计结构,结合理论计算了悬臂梁结构的应力应变敏感特性,经仿真及实验得到,应变计结构的应力/应变灵敏度分别为0.185 pm·kPa-1,18.04 pm·microstrain-1,与单环微腔结构相比,线性量程增加了近50.3%,应力灵敏度提高了近10.6%,初步验证了嵌入式光学微腔结构进行高灵敏度应力/应变检测的可行性,有望实现新型光学力敏传感器件的微型化、集成化。     

面向谐振式微光学陀螺应用的球形谐振腔DQ乘积优化

基于谐振式光学陀螺高灵敏度、低成本与微型化的发展需求, 为了实现高灵敏度的谐振式微光机电陀螺, 提出了以集成光学微谐振腔领域里高Q值、大直径谐振腔的制作为目标, 应用方向为谐振式光学陀螺的球形光学微谐振腔核心敏感单元. 在实验中以氢火焰作为热源采用熔融法制备球形光学微谐振腔. 通过调节氢气的流量控制氢火焰热源面积, 制备了不同直径(300-2200 μm)的球形谐振腔, 分析了球形谐振腔Q 值、DQ乘积、陀螺灵敏度与谐振腔直径D的对应关系及其原因, 获得了最优参数的面向谐振式光学陀螺的球形谐振腔敏感单元. D=1260 μm时, 球腔品质因数 Q=7.18×10⁷, 得到的最优陀螺灵敏度约为10°/h, 满足商业级应用的需求, 为芯片级、高精度、低成本的新型谐振式光学微腔陀螺的研究奠定了实验基础.     

Rotating vibratory system as an instrument for measuring low-frequency vibration and gravitational acceleration

To increase the sensitivity and accuracy of measurements in gravimetry and to measure low-frequency vibrations, a high-Q mechanical vibratory system rotating in a vertical plane with a constant angular velocity corresponding to the vibration resonance is proposed.     

Second order parametric processes in nonlinear silica microspheres

We analyze second order parametric processes in a silica microsphere coated with radially aligned nonlinear optical molecules. In a high-Q nonlinear microsphere, we discover that it is possible to achieve ultralow threshold parametric oscillation that obeys the rule of angular momentum conservation. Based on symmetry considerations, one can also implement parametric processes that naturally generate quantum entangled photon pairs. Practical issues regarding implementation of the nonlinear microsphere are also discussed.     

基于敏感Fabry-Perot腔光纤角位移传感器的原理与设计

提出了一种全角度并且可以连续测量微小角位移(秒级）的新型光纤角位移传感器.利用微小光学谐振腔的基本理论,主要是基于光学法布里-珀罗(Fabry-Perot）腔的基本原理研究特定光波下光强度的变化与角位移的线性变化关系,利用光纤技术、敏感技术融合微机械技术研发而成.适合于一些特定领域中对角位移的精确测量.     

Two-photon scattering by a cavity-coupled two-level emitter in a one-dimensional waveguide

We show that two-photon transport can be modulated by a two-level emitter coupled to a cavity in a one-dimensional waveguide. In the ordinary case, the transmitted light has a wider frequency spectrum than the situation without the cavity because it is reflected and scattered many times. But when the two photons are resonant with the cavity resonance reflection frequency, the frequency spectrum of the transmitted light becomes narrower than that without the cavity. This means that properly tuning the cavity resonance frequency can improve the photon–photon interaction. In addition, we show that the two-photon intensity correlation functions are nearly opposite to each other at the two sides of the emitter transition frequency rather than the same, which is exactly the Fano resonance line shape for two photons. Such an effect is important for lowering the power threshold in optical bistable devices and for sensing applications. When the emitter transition frequency equals to the cavity resonance frequency for a high-Q cavity, our results agree with the recent experiments and theories.     

Fiber ring laser for intracavity sensing using a whispering-gallery-mode resonator

Whispering-gallery-mode (WGM) microresonators are used as optical transducers for sensing applications. The typical detection scheme is based on tracking the WGM resonance shift, by scanning with a tunable laser, when a change of the refractive index in the region probed by the WGM takes place. We propose a sensing approach based instead on monitoring the position of the laser line of a fiber ring laser having a WGM microsphere in its loop. We have demonstrated that the induced shift is the same for the ring laser line and for the microsphere resonance. The proposed method requires simpler, cheaper equipment and may also improve the sensor resolution because the ring laser line is much narrower than the microsphere WGM resonance.     

Active Q switching of a fiber laser with a microsphere resonator

We propose and demonstrate an active Q-switched fiber laser using a high-Q microsphere resonator as the Q-switching element. The laser cavity consists of an Er-doped fiber as the gain medium, a glass microsphere reflector (coupled through a fiber taper) at one end of the cavity, and a fiber Bragg grating reflector at the other end. The reflectivity of the microsphere is modulated by changing the gap between the microsphere and the fiber taper. Active Q switching is realized by oscillating the microsphere in and out of contact with the taper. Using this novel technique, we have obtained giant pulses (maximum peak power approximately 102 W, duration approximately 160 ns) at a low pump-power threshold (approximately 3 mW).     

Optical microresonator based on hollow sphere with porous wall for chemical sensing

A porous-wall hollow glass microsphere (PW-HGM) was investigated as an optical resonator for chemical vapor sensing. A single mode optical fiber taper was used to interrogate the microresonator. Adsorption of chemical molecules into the nanosized pores induced a refractive index change of the thin wall and thus a shift in its resonance spectrum. The PW-HGM resonator had shown higher vapor detection sensitivity in comparison with a solid microsphere under similar test conditions.     

模式分裂对法布里-珀罗型光纤水听器谐振曲线的影响

介绍了法布里-珀罗干涉型光纤水听器的工作原理,指出了工作点的选择依据及系统的实现方案。绘制了理想情况下光纤法布里-珀罗干涉的谐振曲线。用光弹学理论分析了光纤的应力双折射问题和谐振腔内模式分裂问题。用模式分裂的原理解释了水听器的谐振曲线畸变现象,提出了描述谐振曲线畸变的数学公式,用MathCAD软件仿真了模式分裂后水听器的干涉过程并绘制了理论曲线。用实验方法测量并记录了模式简并及分裂条件下各种谐振曲线的形状,通过实验照片与仿真曲线进行对比,理论仿真与实验结果吻合,这说明用光纤模式分裂理论解释谐振曲线畸变现象是可行的。