应用平行隔板增强纳米球表面电场

球形纳米粒子已经被广泛地应用于表面增强拉曼散射.为进一步提高纳米球表面电场,从而提高表面增强拉曼散射信号强度,本文设计了平行隔板纳米球结构.离散偶极子近似计算结果表明,应用平行隔板后,纳米球表面电场得到了大幅度增强,故平行隔板纳米球结构更适合作为表面增强拉曼散射衬底,用于生物分子探测.另外,本文还系统地研究了平行隔板结构参数对整个平行隔板纳米球结构光学性质的影响. 关键词： 银纳米球 平行隔板 表面等离子体 离散偶极子近似     

花状纳米金结构阵列的工艺制备与拉曼增强研究

基于纳米球光刻技术制备了一种花状纳米金结构阵列,经过PS509 nm球旋凃和ICP氧刻蚀,再通过镀金膜与高温退火工艺,纳米球阵列的表面被粗糙化,进而形成了一种鳞状的花状阵列 。FDTD仿真结果表明,制备的这种阵列具备很高的电磁场增强特性,主要的增强集中于纳间隙的边缘处。以罗丹明 6G染料为探针分子测试基底的拉曼效应,与金基底的拉曼信号相比,该纳米结构阵列拉曼增强效应明显,对罗丹明 6G的检测极限达到了10-6 mol/L的水平。     

花状纳米金结构阵列的工艺制备与拉曼增强研究（英文）

基于纳米球光刻技术制备了一种花状纳米金结构阵列,经过PS509nm球旋凃和ICP氧刻蚀,再通过镀金膜与高温退火工艺,纳米球阵列的表面被粗糙化,进而形成了一种鳞状的花状阵列。FDTD仿真结果表明,制备的这种阵列具备很高的电磁场增强特性,主要的增强集中于纳间隙的边缘处。以罗丹明6G染料为探针分子测试基底的拉曼效应,与金基底的拉曼信号相比,该纳米结构阵列拉曼增强效应明显,对罗丹明6G的检测极限达到了10-6 mol/L的水平。     

银纳米粒子阵列的自组装及其表面增强拉曼光谱应用

在以聚赖氨酸为表面耦联层分子的玻片基底制备了银纳米粒子阵列。ＳＥＭ表征结果表明,银粒子以亚单层的形式排列在基底表面。比较银溶胶和纳米粒子阵列的紫外可见光谱可见聚赖氨酸耦联层对银纳米粒子的粒径具有一定的选择性,甲基紫精在银纳米粒子阵列上的表面增强ＦＴ拉曼光谱表明在近红外区拉曼散射的表面增强主要来自于化学增强效应。     

钴的表面增强拉曼散射中的电磁增强因子计算

本文初步探讨了钴电极的表面增强拉曼散射机理。采用二维阵列理论模型在 0 .5～ 4.0eV的光子能量范围对钴纳米椭球阵列的表面增强拉曼散射 (SERS)现象进行了理论分析。有关计算表明 ,经过合适的表面粗糙化的钴金属电极能产生较弱的表面增强效应 (SERS增强因子约 1 0 2 ～ 1 0 4 ) ,制备出具有高纵横比的纳米粒子阵列是得到钴体系较大的SERS增强因子的关键     

组装阵列中耦联剂对表面增强拉曼光谱的影响

利用自组装技术,将不同浓度比例的对巯基苯胺和N,N'-二苯基硫脲为功能耦联分子,在光滑银基底表面组装不同表面密度的二维银纳米粒子阵列。通过对组装阵列和粗糙银表面耦联剂分子的表面增强拉曼光谱比较,阵列中对巯基苯胺分子拉曼信号得到了明显的增强,但只有微弱的N,N'-二苯基硫脲的拉曼增强信号,说明在这种组装阵列中得到的拉曼散射增强主要来自于银纳米粒子和光滑银表面之间。     

PS微球阵列的制备与表面增强拉曼散射研究

为了研究不同直径PS微球(表面溅射Ag膜)基底的表面增强拉曼散射(SERS)效应,制造了一个新的表面增强拉曼散射(SERS)基底。通过在n型(100)单晶硅片上采用旋涂的方法,得到不同直径的呈六角形有序排列的单层PS微球阵列,然后在PS微球阵列表面磁控溅射一层约30 nm的Ag膜。利用拉曼光谱仪以罗丹明R6G为探针进行了SERS光谱测定,分析比较了不同直径PS微球阵列的表面增强拉曼散射效应,结果表明,溅射有Ag膜的PS微球基底在不同直径下均有不同程度的SERS效应。随着微球直径的增加,PS微球阵列的起伏程度不断加强(粗糙度不断增加),SERS信号逐渐增强,当球直径达到600 nm时,峰的增强信号达到最大,进而获得了一个最优化的SERS基底。同时发现在基底上获得了高信噪比的R6G的SERS光谱, 与苯环相关的一系列CC双键伸缩振动特征谱以及与苯环相关的面内、面外变形振动特征谱均获得了明显增强。这种单一的大区域的拉曼散射基底,呈现出高低相间起伏分布的微观形貌,不同PS微球之间的空隙和深度有很明显的不同,能够显著改善表面Ag膜颗粒的大小和分布,进而提高了PS微球基底的SERS活性。该基底所具有的特殊阵列结构使其在利用SERS探究化学和生物等领域的单分子结构有很大的应用潜力。     

表面等离子激元非线性表面增强拉曼散射效应

本文采用热蒸发法制备得到纳米Ag颗粒作为增强拉曼衬底, 利用入射光子与纳米颗粒表面价电子的相互作用机理, 激发出高能表面等离子激元, 其表面等离子形成的高能"热点"起到表面增强拉曼散射效果. 通过比较不同入射光强下的拉曼峰强, 指出纳米Ag颗粒的增强拉曼散射效果可以实现低探测光强下的高散射强度, 即纳米Ag颗粒的表面等离子激元具有非线性的表面增强拉曼散射效果, 可降低对样品的光、热损伤, 以利于拓展拉曼散射光谱的应用范围. 同时比较不同纳米Ag颗粒衬底的表面增强拉曼散射效果表明, 采用的热蒸发工艺具有较大的工艺域度, 具有较强的工艺兼容性.     

太赫兹波段纳米颗粒表面增强拉曼散射的研究

研究了太赫兹波段纳米颗粒的表面增强拉曼散射,证明在太赫兹波段同样存在拉曼增强现象。通过研究表面增强拉曼散射的电磁增强原理,提出利用时域有限差分法仿真模拟纳米颗粒在太赫兹波照射下的表面增强拉曼散射,分析了太赫兹波的增强效果。仿真实验表明,时域有限差分法可以有效精确仿真太赫兹波段纳米颗粒的散射效果,结果使表面增强拉曼散射从可见光和红外波段扩展到太赫兹波段,为太赫兹波与表面增强拉曼散射的结合应用提供了依据。     

银纳米有序阵列SERS活性基底的制备及在膀胱肿瘤细胞检测中的应用

以多孔阳极氧化铝(porous anodic alumina,PAA)膜为模板,采用真空电子束蒸镀技术,分别在PAA多孔层以及阻挡层表面形成了银纳米孔和银纳米帽有序阵列表面增强拉曼散射(surface-enhancedRaman scattering,SERS)活性基底,并以膀胱肿瘤细胞作为分子探针,测试和分析了这两种SERS活性基底的表面增强拉曼光谱的特性。结果表明,两种SERS活性基底对膀胱肿瘤细胞的拉曼散射信号均有很好的增强作用。银纳米帽有序阵列SERS活性基底不仅具有较高的SERS增强和荧光猝灭效应,而且不存在与PAA膜中草酸根杂质相关的干扰峰,可获得膀胱肿瘤细胞拉曼散射光谱的更多细节信息。     

The observation of the localized surface plasmons and its coupling

The surface plasmons properties on gold film composed of inverted square pyramidal pits were investigated. The near‐field scanning optical microscopy image showed that the surface plasmons were mainly located in the cavity of the pits; this is consistent with the mapping image obtained using the Raman scattering intensity of Rhodamine 6G. The calculation results obtained by using the finite element method showed that the electric field mainly located in the pyramidal pits and the field distribution was not affected by the adjacent pits around it. Compared with the single pyramidal pit, the localized electric field intensity increased in the condition of the structure array because of the surface plasmons coupling effect. The surface‐enhanced Raman scattering spectra intensity decreased as the incident angle of the excited laser increased except that there are two peaks at around 5° and 17.5°, which can be attributed to the Bragg scattering of the surface plasmons. The reflectance spectra collected by a microscope at different magnifications were different. The intensity variation between surface‐enhanced Raman scattering spectra obtained using ×20 and ×50 objective illustrated that the adsorption peak in the reflectance spectra corresponded to the surface plasmons coupling effect. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Surface enhanced Raman scattering of molecules related to highly ordered gold cavities

We presented a controlled particles‐in‐cavity (PIC) pattern for surface‐enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) detection. The periodic gold cavity array was fabricated by electrodeposition using highly ordered polystyrene spheres as a template. The as‐prepared gold cavities can be used as a SERS active substrate with significant spectral enhancement and reproducibility, which was evaluated by SERS signals using 4‐mercaptobenzoic acid (4‐MBA) as probe molecules. The surface of these gold cavities was further functionalized with cetyltrimethylammonium bromide molecules, which may immobilize the 4‐MBA‐modified silver nanoparticles in the gold cavity to form a PIC structure via the electrostatic interaction. We have demonstrated that there exists a pH window for the immobilization of the nanoparticles inside cavities. Therefore, the silver nanoparticles can be selectively immobilized into the functionalized gold cavities under the optimized pH value of the media. Further enhancement of the Raman scattering of the labeled molecules can be achieved due to the interconnection between the silver nanoparticles and gold cavity. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Hole arrayed metal-insulator-metal structure for surface enhanced Raman scattering by self-assembling polystyrene spheres

A fabrication process based on the self-assembling polystyrene spheres is proposed to obtain hole arrayed metal-insulator-metal （HA-MIM） structure for surface enhanced Raman scattering （SERS）. The localized field enhancement aroused by the gap resonance in the HA-MIM structure is analyzed by finite-different time domain （FDTD） method. With reference to the theory result, the structure is experimentally fabricated and the Raman scattering spectrum of rhodamine 6G （R6G） is measured by a miniaturized Raman spectrometer. The results shows that the enhancement factor is 3.85 times higher than the control sample with single layered metal hole array. The fabrication process to obtain the HA-MIM SERS substrate is reproducible, fast, large area and low cost.     

Topographically controlled growth of silver nanoparticle clusters

We present a straightforward method to form regular arrays of chemically synthesized Ag nanoparticle clusters, which are preferentially nucleated and developed inside pre‐patterned Si nanowells. The sizes and shapes of the clusters follow the dimensions of the lithographically defined Si nanowells, which here have a depth of 100 nm and form a square array with a pitch of 300 nm. Potential use of the array of Ag nanoparticle clusters as a surface‐enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) based sensing platform is demonstrated by the calculation of locally enhanced electromagnetic fields and by confocal microscopic measurements of increased Raman signals from organic molecules adsorbed on the Ag nanoparticle clusters. (© 2012 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

Design of plasmonic bowtie nanoring array with high sensitivity and reproducibility for surface‐enhanced Raman scattering spectroscopy

A metallic bowtie nanoring array is designed to gain high sensitive and reproducible substrate for surface‐enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) spectroscopy. The localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR), the electric field enhancement factors (EFs) and the electric field distribution of the bowtie and bowtie nanoring array are numerically investigated by means of the finite‐difference time domain (FDTD) method. After the optimization of the particle size and the array period, the maximum electromagnetic field EF approaches 153, and the corresponding SERS electromagnetic enhancement factor (EMEF) reaches 5.4 × 10⁸. This highly sensitive and reproducible substrate can be a good candidate for SERS applications. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Raman Spectroscopic Study of the Orientation of Polystyrene in a Stretched Film and in an Adsorbed Film

Abstract

Polarized Raman scattering spectra and surface enhanced Raman scattering spectra have been recorded from a thin film of a stretched polystyrene and from an adsorbed thin layer of polystyrene on silver surface, respectively. Comparison of intensities of the Raman line near 786 cm^?1 indicates that the aromatic rings are perpendicular to the surface in polystyrene which deposited onto silver from a very dilute solution.     

Surface-enhanced Raman scattering properties of highly ordered self-assemblies of gold nanorods with different aspect ratios

Gold nanorods with aspect ratios of from 1 (particles) to 31.6 were synthesized by the seed-mediated method and packed in a highly ordered structure on a large scale on silicon substrates through capillary force induced self-assembly behaviour during solvent evaporation.The gold nanorod surface exhibits a strong enhancing effect on Raman scattering spectroscopy.The enhancement of Raman scattering for two model molecules (2-naphthalenethiol and rhodamine 6G) is about 5-6 orders of magnitude.By changing the aspect ratio of the Au nanorods,we found that the enhancement factors decreased with the increase of aspect ratios.The observed Raman scattering enhancement is strong and should be ascribed to the surface plasmon coupling between closely packed nanorods,which may result in huge local electromagnetic field enhancements in those confined junctions.     

Sensitive surface-enhanced Raman scattering substrates based on anti-pyramidal gold architectures decorated with silver nanoparticles

Abstract

A micro-structured gold surface, consisting of a periodic square–based anti–pyramidal array (Klarite) with a smooth boundary surface on which silver nanoparticles (diameter: 60?nm) were deposited, produced an active surface enhanced Raman scattering substrate. With p-aminothiophenol as a probe molecule, the Raman activity of the micro–structured surface was compared before and after deposition of the silver nanoparticles. Experimental results show that the Raman spectra on the silver/p-aminothiophenol/Klarite structure is stronger than that on the silver/p-aminothiophenol/gold film and the Raman spectra on the silver/p-aminothiophenol/gold film is stronger than that on silver/p-aminothiophenol, p-aminothiophenol/Klarite structure, p-aminothiophenol/gold film, which is confirmed by numerical simulations. A similar result is obtained with crystal violet as test molecule.     

荧光/表面增强拉曼散射双模式纳米光学探针的构建及性能研究

提出一种新型的荧光及表面增强拉曼散射（SERS）双模式光学纳米探针。首先,通过再沉淀-包覆法合成二氧化硅包覆香豆素6的纳米颗粒,再在二氧化硅表面静电吸附多聚赖氨酸分子形成包覆层,随后通过原位还原的方法在多聚赖氨酸壳层复合银纳米颗粒,最后在银纳米颗粒表面吸附拉曼分子即形成双模式纳米探针。该探针通过二氧化硅包覆的荧光分子产生荧光信号,以多聚赖氨酸表面的银纳米颗粒作为SERS增强基底,利用拉曼分子获得SERS信号,实现了荧光及SERS双模式成像。荧光与表面增强拉曼散射相结合的双模式分析技术可同时发挥二者的优点,提高成像的分辨率和灵敏度,在生物医学领域具有重要的应用价值。