利用线阵CCD自动测量航空相机镜头的焦距

提出了一种以线阵CCD固态传感器取代读数显微镜的航空相机镜头焦距测量系统。论述了系统的工作原理、软件和硬件的设计及系统的测量误差。结果表明 ,利用线阵固态图像传感器取代读数显微镜 ,把特定物体经透镜成像的大小转换为电信号的脉宽 ,并利用计算机技术自动处理测量数据 ,从根本上克服了用读数显微镜进行测量的缺陷 ,实现了航空相机镜头焦距的实时精确地在线测量     

一种重构高功率激光束波前的方法

介绍一种对“星光Ⅱ”１０＾１２Ｗ高功率激光器的波前相位进行重构测量的研究方法。实验中对高功率激光束经过孔阵列相位传感器在像纸上烧蚀成的光斑阵列进行图像处理,测定各光斑光强中心及相对位移,再由理论分析得到实用的迭代算法公式,重构出高功率激光束波前。     

一种大面积高能激光光束参数的在线测量方法

 提出了一种大面积连续波高能激光光束参数的在线测量方法——环形光刀扫描测量法。该方法采用偏心安装的斜面环形光刀高速扫描反射，光电探测器阵列沿反射光圆周均匀布置探测，使得绝大部分被测激光沿原光路传播，只有少量取样光被反射到探测器阵列上。通过对采集得到的探测器响应信号进行空间映射计算和图像复原，得到激光束的光强分布参数。该方法可用于光束直径数百mm的高能激光光束测量，测量空间分辨率约2 mm，时间分辨率为30~50 ms。     

Depth-enhanced integral imaging system with convex and composite concave micro-lens arrays

A depth-enhanced integral imaging system is proposed by using a convex micro-lens array and a composite concave micro-lens array. The convex-micro-lens array is used to provide a virtual elemental image array for the composite concave micro-lens array. The composite concave micro-lens array which has two focal lengths is used to display integral images with the virtual elemental image array. Compared with the conventional integral imaging, the proposed system can form the 3D image around two image planes with viewing angle being enhanced remarkably. The principle of the enhancement of the image depth is explained in detail and the experimental results are presented.     

Mirau相移干涉法测量微透镜阵列面形

基于Mirau相移干涉法，在实验室环境下对微透镜阵列的微表面形貌进行了轮廓测量.实验使用He-Ne激光器作为光源，干涉成像系统由Mirau干涉物镜和其他光学元件组成.在实验中使用压电陶瓷执行器作为相移器，通过5步相移法计算待测表面形貌.实验结果表明，基于Mirau相移干涉法对微透镜阵列面形的测量，水平分辨率达到1.1 μm，垂直测量准确度达到6.33 nm，垂直测量范围为5 μm.对于微透镜阵列的面形测量，通过将微透镜阵列划分为若干微小区域以保证局部面形最大高度小于5 μm，然后辅以精密平移机构进行若干次5步相移法测量局部面形，再利用相位重建所得的数据进行拼接和3D轮廓重建，最终得到整个微透镜阵列的精确微表面形貌.     

面向实时视觉芯片的高速CMOS图像传感器

提出了一种面向实时视觉芯片的高速CMOS图像传感器.该高速图像传感器主要包括CMOS像素单元阵列、相关双采样(CDS)阵列、可编程增益放大(PGA)阵列、单次比较模数转换(ADC)阵列和控制模块.该传感器集成了光信号采集和行并行信号处理等功能,以大于1000 frame/s的速度输出数字信号或数字图像,同时实现了行并行...     

磁镜阵列像增强器的调制传递函数研究

基于三代近贴式像增强器,设计了磁镜阵列装置的结构,从理论上计算了该装置的调制传递函数以及将其引入像增强器后整体的调制传递函数,以此来分析对成像质量的影响.通过对实际参量绘制的调制传递函数曲线分析,得出磁镜阵列装置在X、Y方向的极限分辨率分别为117 lp/mm、121 lp/mm,奈奎斯特频率处的调制传递函数值分别为0.55、0.59,同时磁镜阵列像增强器的极限分辨率也分别达到了87 lp/mm、89 lp/mm,相应的奈奎斯特频率处的调制传递函数值为0.49和0.52.结果表明X和Y方向的调制传递函数曲线之间差异较之磁镜阵列装置变小,这对保证成像质量起到了积极的作用.文章为进一步深入研究磁镜阵列像增强器提供了重要的理论依据.     

Three-dimensional display by use of integral photography with dynamically variable image planes

A computer-generated integral photography system operating with a variable image plane is proposed. In this scheme, the gap between a lens array and a display panel is adjusted in real time. A synchronized elemental image array for real or virtual mode is integrated in front of or behind the lens array. This integration gives an observer an enhanced perception of depth. The proposed method can be applied to animated three-dimensional imaging.     

Method of generating orthoscopic elemental image array from sparse camera array

We propose a method of generating orthoscopic elemental image array from a sparse camera array. A parallax image array obtained by a sparse camera array provides different perspectives of a real threedimensional (3D) scene, and has all the information the elemental image array needs. In-depth analysis of the generation method and the relationships between the sparse camera array and the elemental image array are presented. The experimental results demonstrate the correctness of the proposed method.     

强光一号Z箍缩实验研究

 在强光一号装置驱动电流峰值1.4~2.1 MA、上升时间80~100 ns条件下,研究了喷Kr气、喷Ne气、W丝阵和Al丝阵负载Z箍缩等离子体的辐射特性和聚爆过程。实验研究中,用分压器和两个罗戈夫斯基线圈分别测量二极管的电压和流过负载的电流波形,用过滤型X射线二极管和100~1 400 eV平能谱响应闪烁探测器测量X射线时间谱,用镍薄膜量热计测量X射线总能量,用纳秒时间分辨软X射线图像诊断系统记录了Z箍缩的聚爆过程,用时空分辨的椭圆弯晶谱仪诊断了Z箍缩等离子体产生的keV级特征X射线的能谱分布。其中,喷Kr气负载的X射线辐射总能量大于60 kJ,峰值功率约1.7 TW,总能量转换效率可达23%;W丝阵负载的辐射总能量大于30 kJ,峰值功率约1.30 TW,总能量转换效率约为12.5%;喷Ne气负载的keV级辐射总能量5.6 kJ,峰值功率约256 GW,能量转换效率可达2%; Al丝阵负载的keV级辐射总能量2.3 kJ,峰值功率约94 GW,能量转换效率可达0.8%。喷气负载在Z箍缩聚爆过程中存在“拉链”现象,丝阵负载在Z箍缩聚爆过程中存在先驱现象。     

方形自聚焦透镜5×5阵列的成像特性

采用离子交换工艺和精密加工技术制作了方形自聚焦透镜5×5阵列,并对其成像特性进行研究。结果表明：方形自聚焦透镜阵列相对于圆形孔径阵列而言,能有效增大填充系数,提高受光面积,其多重像和综合像的像质均匀,成像质量好。分析了导致多重像偏离和综合像变形的原因,并给出解决这一问题的关键技术。     

基于改进空间频率域采样的天文光干涉望远镜阵列优化

提出一种基于改进空间频率域(UV)采样的阵列评价函数,用于长基线天文光干涉望远镜阵列几何结构的优化。该评价函数将UV采样区域沿径向和角度方向分别进行划分,统计划分所得区域中UV采样点数目并计算UV采样点密度,以UV采样点密度偏离理想高斯分布的大小作为评价依据。在具体的优化技术上,利用遗传算法的全局收敛特性,降低了传统算法对初始结构的依赖,采用该评价函数对6孔径望远镜阵列进行优化设计,并与国际主流天文光干涉阵列CHARA进行了性能对比。分析结果表明:优化所得Array-6阵列UV采样点密度分布具有径向连续覆盖和低频强调的特点,有利于对轮廓信息的恢复;双星模拟成像实验中Array-6阵列重构图像相对于原始图像的误差为21.34,相比CHARA阵列降低了18.16%,具有更高的成像质量。该优化算法具备优化大孔径数目阵列的能力,对于射电波段望远镜阵列的优化设计亦有一定的参考意义。     

基于混合光模式阵列的自由空间编码通信

光学涡旋的产生、传输与应用是当前光学领域的研究热点之一.光学涡旋具有轨道角动量,作为一种全新的自由度,丰富了目前光通信的方式.利用面向目标的共轭对称延拓傅里叶计算全息技术,基于空间光调制器,用单束激光直接产生混合光模式阵列进行编码通信.采用由单光涡和复合光涡构成的4种易于识别的模式组成2×2混合光模式阵列,进行灰度图像的编码传输.在接收端提取混合光模式阵列图的信息并进行解码,实现零误码的灰度图像再现.以传输一幅Lena图像为例,使用2×2混合光模式阵列进行编码通信,相对于传统单光涡编码通信,其信息容量可增加4倍.该方法光路简单易行,可扩展性强,进一步拓展使用4×4混合光模式阵列进行编码通信,信息容量提升16倍.提出的混合光模式阵列编码通信方法对于提高信息传输容量具有重要价值.     

近场浅海舰船目标定位精度实验研究

根据聚焦波束形成声图处理方法在实际海上测量的特点,提出用系统时延差校准、基阵倾角修正、深度测量、分频段目标定位等多种方法克服测量系统及环境的各种不利因素,实现舰船目标高精度定位。采用声图计算结果与GPS记录值对比、声图计算结果与GPS记录值的正横距对比两种方法进行了聚焦波束形成声图法精度的实验验证,经验证聚焦波束形成声图处理方法在浅海测量区有较高的定位精度。其最大正横距差值可以达到2.9 m,均值0.93 m,从而实现舰船目标高分辨精确定位。      

传声器阵列对高频弱声源的声成像识别方法

研究了传声器阵列对高频弱声源的识别定位方法。该方法根据高频声源的指向性和阵列探测特性等特点,提出了利用信噪比加权方法提高有效阵元对声成像的贡献,根据信噪比的大小对每个阵元添加不同的权值,可以显著提高传声器阵列对高频弱声源的声像清晰度。仿真分析了阵元加权和不加权两种方法对阵列声成像结果的影响,以某型号笔记本电脑电路板噪声为对象进行的实验表明,在阵列测量中充分利用有效阵元信号可以实现对声压级低达10~20dB的微弱噪声源的精确测量。      

A measurement-domain adaptive beamforming approach for ultrasound instrument based on distributed compressed sensing: Initial development

High efficient acquisition of the sensor array signals and accurate reconstruction of the backscattering medium are important issues in ultrasound imaging instrument. This paper presents a novel measurement-domain adaptive beamforming approach (MABF) based on distributed compressed sensing (DCS) which seeks to simultaneously measure signals that are each individually sparse in some domain(s) and also mutually correlated with much few measurements under the Nyquist rate. Instead of sampling conventional backscattering signals at the Nyquist rate, few linear projections of the returned signal with random vectors are taken as measurements, which can reduce the amount of samples per channel greatly and makes the real-time transmission of sensor array data possible. Then high resolution ultrasound image is reconstructed from the few measurements of DCS directly by the proposed MABF algorithm without recovering the raw sensor signals with complex convex optimization algorithm. The simulated results show the effectiveness of the proposed method.     

Crosstalk image intensity reduction for color holograms by using reference beam coded with multicolored aperture array filter

The analytical form for the reconstructed field of a hologram illuminated by a reference beam coded with a multicolored aperture array filter is derived. Experiments showed that the colored aperture array filter improved the quality of the reconstructed image by reducing the intensity of crosstalk images. Some parameters of the aperture array configuration that influence image quality were investigated. This technique presented here can be applied to full-color holographic displays and dot matrix holographic printers, etc.     

Aberration improvement of the floating 3D display system based on Tessar array and directional diffuser screen

The floating 3D display system based on Tessar array and directional diffuser screen is proposed. The directional diffuser screen can smoothen the gap of lens array and make the 3D image’s brightness continuous. The optical structure and aberration characteristics of the floating three-dimensional (3D) display system are analyzed. The simulation and experiment are carried out, which show that the 3D image quality becomes more and more deteriorative with the further distance of the image plane and the increasing viewing angle. To suppress the aberrations, the Tessar array is proposed according to the aberration characteristics of the floating 3D display system. A 3840?×?2160 liquid crystal display panel (LCD) with the size of 23.6 inches, a directional diffuser screen and a Tessar array are used to display the final 3D images. The aberrations are reduced and the definition is improved compared with that of the display with a single-lens array. The display depth of more than 20 cm and the viewing angle of more than 45° can be achieved.     

采用单线阵CCD测量工作台二维位移的研究

研究了一种采用单线阵CCD测量二维工作台位移的方法。提供给CCD一个发光面形状为直角三角形的被拍摄目标,该目标固结在二维工作台上。使被拍摄目标的像在CCD光敏线上的宽度和位置随二维工作台的位置而改变,通过用一个单线阵CCD测量出目标像的宽度和位置,就可以同时测量出二维工作台在正交的X和Y方向的位移。相对传统的二维位移测量系统来说,所提出的系统具有结构简单,测量速度快和成本低的优点。     

“Compact Spectral Imaging” System Using Liquid Crystal for Fast Measurement

The authors propose a compact system for measuring a multispectral image within a short observation time. This system consists of a lens array and a polarization interferometer. The interferometer has two wedge-shaped liquid crystal layers. Images of an object created by the lens array are modulated with variable optical path differences by the interferometer and detected simultaneously by an image sensor. From the detected images, we can reconstruct the spectral image of the object. Experimental results are presented.