原子吸收法测定三七中的铜、镉和锂

干法灰化、硝酸浸取盐分 ,原子吸收法同时测定三七中的铜、镉、锂。优化了仪器工作条件 ,对盐酸、高氯酸、硫酸、共存元素干扰进行了试验。该法对铜、镉、锂的检出限分别为 0 .0 0 2 3μg/ m L、0 .0 0 2 6μg/ m L和0 .0 0 2 0 μg/ m L;测定精密度分别为 2 .5 0 %、10 .0 8%和 9.0 2 % ;回收率分别在 96 %— 10 3%、92 %— 10 8%和 96 %— 10 4 %之间。     

微波消解-石墨炉原子吸收法测定中药中铅、镉含量的研究

研究了各因素对样品消解效果的影响 ,优化了石墨炉原子吸收条件 ,建立了一种快速、有效的中药中铅、镉含量的检测方法 ,方法对铅、镉的检出限分别为 0 .14 5 ng/ m L、0 .0 119ng/ m L和线性范围分别为 0—2 0 ng/ m L、0— 2 ng/ m L。样品测定回收率为 96 .7%— 10 3.6 % ,结果满意。     

胶束增溶光度法测定土豆中微量铝

采用 Al( ) - CAS- CTMAB- OP胶束增溶分光光度法测定了土豆中的铝。实验表明 ,在 p H=6 .5的HAc- Na Ac缓冲溶液中 ,λmax=6 2 0 nm处 ,Al3 在 0— 0 .2 4 μg/ m L范围遵守朗伯 -比耳定律 ,回归方程、相关系数、回收率和 RSD分别为 :A=4 .773C- 0 .0 1 3、r=0 .9995 (n=4 )、98.8%— 1 0 2 %和 0 .5 3%。不同产地土豆样品中 Al含量为 :1号样品 1 6 8.8μg/ g,2号样品 1 6 7.0 μg/ g     

基体改进-石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定中药丹参中的铜和锌

以 NH4NO3 和 Se Triton X- 10 0作为铜和锌的基体改进剂 ,石墨炉原子吸收法测定丹参中铜和锌的含量。优化了实验条件 ,灰化温度分别提高到 12 0 0℃和 90 0℃ ,提高了方法的灵敏度。研究了不同测定波长对实验的影响 ,消除了基体干扰 ,提高了方法的重现性。用校准曲线法和标准加入法对试样分析结果一致 ,铜和锌的方法检出限分别为 0 .6 ng/ m L和 0 .9μg/ m L,RSD分别为 1.8%和 2 .3% ,回收率分别为 96 %和 10 1%。     

荧光光谱法测定血中的三氟拉嗪

利用固相萃取技术分离血中三氟拉嗪 ,荧光法进行了测定。方法的线性范围为 0 .1— 30μg/m L ,回收率为 75 %— 86 % ,相对标准偏差为 2 .7%— 5 .2 % ,检出限为 0 .1μg/m L。     

微波消化-分光光度法测定烟草中的镁

研究了偶氮氯膦 - 与镁的显色反应 ,在 p H=10 .0硼砂 -氢氧化钠缓冲介质中 ,偶氮氯膦 - 与镁反应生成 1∶ 1稳定的络合物 ,λmax=6 10 nm,ε=2 .34× 10 4L· mol-1· cm-1。镁含量在 0— 15μg/ 2 5 m L范围内符合比耳定律 ,结合微波消化样品技术 ,建立了一种烟草样品中镁含量的测定方法 ,结果令人满意     

高效液相色谱法测定杀虫剂灭幼脲三号的含量

本文采用 Hypersil- ODS2 ( 4 .6mm× 2 50 mm,5μm)柱 ,乙腈 -水 - N,N-二甲基甲酰胺 ( 60∶ 4 0∶ 0 .1)为流动相 ,测定波长为 2 54nm,建立了测定灭幼脲三号的高效液相色谱法。该法线性范围为 2 .0— 80μg/m L,回归方程为 A=52 .4 1C+0 .1936,相关系数 r=0 .9987,精密度为 3.5% ( n=11,C=4 0μg/m L) ,检出限为 0 .0 5μg/m L。平均回收率在 96%— 10 4 %之间 ,已用于 2 5%水剂样品的测定 ,结果令人满意。     

光泽精化学发光体系的研究与应用

对光泽精化学发光体系的动力学性质、荧光光谱、化学发光光谱及化学发光机理进行研究和探讨。详细研究了光泽精 - H2 O2 - Co( )流动注射化学发光体系的最佳分析条件。结果表明 ,当光泽精 (L c)为 2 .5×10 - 5mol/L、H2 O2 为 0 .5 mol/L、Na OH为 0 .4 mol/L、CTMAB为 2 .0× 10 - 5mol/L时 ,测定 Co( )的校准曲线线性范围为 0 .0 5— 2 0 0μg/m L ,检出限为 0 .0 1μg/m L。对 10μg/m L Co( )连续测定 7次 ,相对标准偏差为 1.7%。     

流动注射化学发光法测定水中氰化物

基于流动注射化学发光分析和对 Luminol- Cu2 - CN-化学发光体系进行研究 ,建立了测定水中氰化物的分析方法。在其最佳实验条件下 ,测定 CN-的线性范围为 0 .0 0 2— 5μg/m L,检出限 0 .0 0 0 4μg/m L。对0 .0 5 0μg/m L CN-连续测定 7次 ,其相对标准偏差为 1.9%。     

顺序注射氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法测定化肥中砷、汞、锑和硒

本文建立了一种顺序注射氢化物发生 -原子荧光光谱法测定化肥中 As、Hg、Sb、Se含量的方法。在最佳条件下 ,As、Hg、Sb和 Se的检出限分别为 0 .1 5μg/ L、0 .0 6 1μg/ L、0 .0 4 6μg/ L、0 .2 5μg/ L。测定化肥中 As、Hg、Sb和 Se,回收率均在 94 .6 7%— 1 0 6 .81 %之间。该方法用于检测化肥中 As、Hg、Sb和 Se具有很好的可行性和实用性。     

Self-organization of five species in a cyclic competition game

Cyclic competition game models, particularly the “rock–paper–scissors” model, play important roles in exploring the problem of multi-species coexistence in spatially ecological systems. We propose an extended “rock–paper–scissors” game to model cyclic interactions among five species, and find that two of the five can coexistent when biodiversity disappears, which is different from the “rock–paper–scissors” game. As the number of fingers is five, we named the new model the “fingers” game, where the thumb, forefinger, middle finger, ring finger, and little finger cyclically dominate their subsequent species and are dominated by their former species. We investigate the “fingers” model in two ways: direct simulations and nonlinear partial differential equations. An important finding is that the number of species in a cyclic competition game has an influence on the emergence of biodiversity. To be specific, the “rock–paper–scissors” model is in favor of maintaining biodiversity in comparison with the “fingers” model when the variables (population size, reproduction rate, selection rate, and migration rate) are the same. It is also shown that the mobility and reproduction rate can promote or jeopardize biodiversity.     

Contrastive analysis on tone between Putonghua and Taiwan Mandarin

The differences of the pitch and duration of Chinese syllables between Putonghua （PTH） and Taiwan Mandarin （TM） were studied. The speech materials to be used are not only isolated syllables, but also sentences. The results reveal that： For the isolated syllables, T1 and T2 in TM are influenced by Minnan dialect, therefore their pitch are lower than those in PTH. T3 is fall-rise in PTH, while it is fall in TM. Moreover, the syllable duration sequence for different tone is T3〉T2〉T1〉T4 in PTH, while it is T1〉T2〉T3〉T4 in TM. For the syllables in sentences, T2 is mid-rise in PTH, while it is mid-level in TM. And the T3 is longer than T4 but shorter than T1 or T2 in PTH, while it is the shortest in TM. Furthermore the effects of prosodic phrase boundary on duration for different tones are almost the same in PTH, but the lengthening part of T1 or T2 is longer than that of T3 or T4 in TM.     

Experimental study on downstep in Chinese intonation

Downstep in pitch contour of Chinese Putonghua is examined using subtly designed sentences by controlling tone combinations. The results show both automatic and nonautomatic downstep phenomena exist in Chinese. In non-automatic downstep, low tones compress downwards the pitch range of the following syllables. and the main influence of downstep is on topline. Low tone not only lower the topline behind it, but also raise the high tones before it, the effects are compatible with each other. In automatic downstep, the topline of pitch contour in intonational phrase is presented as a linear downtrend, but it differs among speakers due to the effect of personal stress practice. In comparison with downstep phenomenon in other tone or non-tone languages, the downstep ratio in Chinese is not constant, and the domain of downstep is not limited within the adjacent tones.     

Abelian-Higgs phase of SU(2) QCD and glueball energy

It is shown that SU(2) QCD admits an dual Abelian-Higgs phase, with a Higgs vacuum of a type-Ⅱ superconductor. This is done by using a connection decomposition for the gluon field and the random-direction approximation. Using a bag picture with soft wall, we presented a calculational procedure for the glueball energy based on the recent proof for wall-vortices [Nucl. Phys. B 741(2006)1].     

Theoretical analysis and simulation of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO system in lidar

A multi-conjugate adaptive optics （MCAO） can offer a possibility of widening field of view （FOV） characterized by the isoplanatic angle, and the choose of conjugate height becomes a basic problem for MCAO, which influences the size of iosplanatic angle. Considering the application of lidar, the isoplanatic angle＇s expressions of two deformable mirrors （DMs） MCAO for uplink and downlink are deduced. The effects of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO are thoughtfully discussed, and the isoplanatic angles are further analyzed. The results show that the isopanatic angle varies with the conjugate height and reaches the maximum as the conjugate height is at the optimal altitude. Moreover, the optimal conjugate height changes with the propagation distance.     

Quick single-photon detector with many avalanche photo diodes working on the time division

Due to the limit of response speed of the present single-photon detector, the code rate is still too low to come into practical use for the present quantum key distribution (QKD) system.A new idea is put up to design a quick single-photon detector.This quick single-photon detector is composed of a multi-port optic-fiber splitter and many avalanche photo diodes (APDs).Au of the ports with APDs work on the time division and cooperate with a logic discriminating and deciding unit driven by the clock signal.The operation frequency lies on the number N of ports, and can reach N times of the conventional single-photon detector.The single-photon prompt detection can come true for high repetition-rate pulses.The applying of this detector will largely raise the code rate of the QKD, and boost the commercial use.     

Signal generation in an isotropic medium in scanning electron acoustic microscope

Based on the research in Ref. [5][Materials Science and Engineering, 1989; A122： 57 63], an improved model of heat source is set up, the different modes of Lamb wave in an isotropic sample generated by a chopped electron beam at frequency f are obtained with integral transform and normal function expansion method, and the output signal of PZT coupled at the back surface of the sample is found out. The generation mechanism of SEAM （Scanning Electron Acoustic Microscopy） signal is discussed. It shows that the SEAM is a near field imaging technique with high spatial resolution and its best lateral spatial resolution is about 2√2α （α is the radius of the focused electron beam）. Some of experimental results of SEAM images are presented in the paper and it shows that the spatial resolution of SEAM is better than 0.5 μm and smaller than the thermal diffusion length of the sample. Therefore the character of near field imaging in SEAM is also proved experimentally.     

High efficiency filtering using two-dimensional photonic crystal coupled cavity structures

Transmission spectra of coupled cavity structures (CCSs) in two-dimensional (2D) photonic crystals (PCs) are investigated using a coupled mode theory, and an optical filter based on CCS is proposed. The performance of the filter is investigated using finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method, and the results show that within a very short coupling distance of about 3λ, where λ is the wavelength of signal in vacuum, the incident signals with different frequencies are separated into different channels with a contrast ratio of 20 dB. The advantages of this kind of filter are small size and easily tunable operation frequencies.