-1不同温度生长DKDP晶体的性质

用点籽晶快速生长法在不同温度区间生长了四块氘含量60% DKDP晶体,观察了不同温度下晶体生长过程,同时测量了晶体的透过光谱、摇摆曲线和1053 nm激光损伤阈值。结果表明,在高温区间晶体生长外形优于低温生长的晶体。不同温区晶体的透过光谱并无明显变化,但是随着生长温度的降低,晶体的结构完整性变差,1053 nm激光损伤阈值降低。     

KDP晶体的杂质与光学性能分析

 测量常规方法与快速方法生长的非线性光学KDP晶体紫外及近红外波段透射光谱性能,并测定了晶体不同生长区域杂质的含量,通过对实验结果的分析比较讨论了影响晶体紫外透过性能的因素;采用多脉冲平均方式测量了不同方法生长晶体在1 064nm及532 nm皮秒激光脉冲作用下的晶体损伤阈值,晶体的体吸收系数与晶体抗损伤能力的对应关系表明晶体内部的杂质与缺陷存在着明显的光吸收, 从而降低了晶体对高能量脉冲的负载能力。     

不同方法DKDP晶体生长和损伤阈值

生长方法是影响DKDP晶体生长和光损伤阈值的一个重要因素。分别采用传统降温法和点籽晶快速生长法,利用同种原料从氘化程度为85%的溶液生长了DKDP晶体,并选取部分Ⅱ类3倍频晶片进行3倍频光损伤阈值和透过性能测试。实验表明,不同生长方法对DKDP晶体的损伤阈值以及DKDP晶体的生长速度的影响效果正好相反,即由于生长溶液过饱和度的差别,点籽晶快速生长法晶体生长速度为传统方法的10倍,但晶体损伤阈值下降了50%,且紫外波段透过性能下降明显。     

热退火对KDP晶体损伤阈值的影响（英）

研究了不同退火温度下磷酸二氢钾（KDP）晶体的透过光谱和损伤阈值的变化。发现热退火对晶体的透过光谱没有影响,退火温度分别为140 ℃和160 ℃时晶体的损伤阈值没有明显变化。但是在150 ℃下,晶体的损伤阈值提高了约1.4倍。实验证明150 ℃下的热退火对提高晶体的损伤阈值效果最好。     

生长条件对KDP 晶体激光损伤阈值的影响

 研究了各种生长条件对晶体激光损伤阈值的影响, 发现提纯原料用的EDTA对晶体的光损伤阈值没有显著的影响, 溶液陈化能够降低晶体的散射强度,从而使光损伤阈值提高。多磷酸盐阻碍晶体锥面生长, 影响晶体的生长习性, 并降低晶体的激光损伤阈值。     

光学玻璃基底原子层同质材料沉积薄膜光谱及激光诱导损伤特性研究

通过原子层沉积技术在熔石英玻璃表面制备了同质材料的单层SiO₂薄膜,对光学薄膜的物理化学性质和强激光辐照下的激光诱导损伤性能进行了深入研究。实验中采用双叔丁基氨基硅烷（BTBAS）和臭氧（O₃）作为反应前驱体,在熔石英光学元件表面进行了SiO₂薄膜的原子层沉积工艺研究,以不同沉积温度条件制备了一系列膜样品。首先对原子层沉积特性和薄膜均匀性展开了研究,发现薄膜生长厚度与沉积循环次数之间符合线性生长规律,验证了制备薄膜的原子级逐层生长特性,并且表面沉积膜层的均匀性很好,其测得膜厚波动不超过2%。然后针对不同温度条件下沉积的SiO₂薄膜,对其粗糙度及各类光谱特性展开了研究,对比结果表明：样品的表面粗糙度在镀膜后有轻微的降低;薄膜样品在200～1 000 nm范围内具有出色的透过率,均超过90%并逐渐趋近于93.3%,且其透射光谱与在裸露熔石英衬底上测得的光谱没有明显差异;镀膜前后荧光光谱和傅里叶变换红外光谱的差异证实了原子层沉积SiO₂膜中点缺陷（非桥键氧、氧空位、羟基等）的存在,这将会影响薄膜耐损伤性能。最后对衬底和膜样品进行了紫外激光诱导损伤测试,损伤阈值的变化表明熔石英元件表面沉积薄膜后的激光损伤性能有所降低,其零概率损伤阈值从31.8 J·cm-2减小到20 J·cm-2左右,与光谱缺陷情况表征相符合。薄膜中点缺陷部位会吸收紫外激光能量,导致局域温度升高,进而出现激光诱导损伤现象并降低抗激光损伤阈值。在选定的沉积温度范围内,较高温度条件下沉积的SiO₂薄膜其激光诱导损伤性能更好,可以控制沉积温度条件使得元件的抗损伤性能更为接近衬底本身,后续有望通过其他反应参数的优化来获得薄膜抗损伤性能的进一步提升。     

Yb∶NaY(WO4)2激光晶体生长

采用提拉法生长出了四方晶系白钨矿结构的Yb∶NaY(WO4)2(简称Yb:NYW)激光晶体,通过TG DTA分析得到晶体的熔点为1211℃,从XRD分析得到晶胞参数为a=b=0.5212nm,c=1.1268nm,V=0.3062nm3。讨论了Yb∶NYW晶体的生长工艺,给出了晶体生长的最佳工艺参数。测试了晶体的红外光谱和拉曼光谱,对晶体的红外振动模式进行了归属,并分析了晶体的拉曼光谱。     

溶胶-凝胶法制备ZrO2/SiO2双层减反硬膜

以锆酸丙酯[Zr(OPr)4]、正硅酸乙酯(TEOS)为原料, 用溶胶-凝胶(sol-gel)提拉法涂膜, 制备高透过的λ/ 4～λ/ 4型ZrO2/SiO2双层减反膜.该减反膜的表面均匀, 均方根(RMS)粗糙度为1.038 nm, 平均粗糙度(RA)为0.812 nm.制备的双层减反膜具有很好的减反效果, 在石英玻璃基片二面涂膜, 在激光三倍频波长351 nm处透射比达到99.41%, 比未涂膜石英玻璃基片的透射比提高了6.14%;在基频波长1053 nm处透射比达到99.63%, 比未涂膜K9光学玻璃基片的透射比提高了7.67%.膜层具有较高的激光损伤阈值, 在激光波长为1053 nm, 脉冲宽度为1 ns时, 薄膜的激光损伤阈值达到16.8 J/cm2.膜层具有良好的耐擦除性能.     

溶胶凝胶ZrO2/SiO2宽带减反膜的制备与性能

采用溶胶凝胶法制备得到以正丙醇锆和正硅酸乙酯为前驱体的ZrO₂和SiO₂溶胶,通过TFCalc光学薄膜软件模拟了ZrO₂/SiO₂三层“宽M型”基频二倍频减反膜,并使用提拉法制备得到了该均匀膜层。三层减反膜在527 nm和1053 nm处的透过率约为99.5%,且透过率大于99%的波长范围均超过150 nm。经热处理后的膜层表面均方根粗糙度为1.34 nm,表面平整性良好;并运用1-on-1激光损伤阈值测试方法测得该减反膜的零几率激光损伤阈值达到36.8 J·cm^-2(1064 nm,10.7 ns)。     

掺杂钨酸铅晶体闪烁发光光谱研究

利用改进的晶体生长设备和工艺提高了PbWO₄闪烁晶体的光产额。通过对生长获得的PbWO₄、退火PbWO₄和BaF₂∶PbWO₄晶体的透过光谱,衰减时间和光产额等闪烁性质的研究,发现晶体退火和掺杂技术特别是阴离子掺杂技术能够显著提高晶体的闪烁发光性能。其中晶体掺杂全面提高了晶体的透过光谱强度,但是退火的影响较复杂。高温退火改善了PbWO₄晶体在360 nm以上波段的透过光谱的透过率,但是在320～360 nm波段其透过率反而降低。这些现象与晶体中缺陷在可见光波段产生的特征吸收有关。晶体的良好退火和掺杂提高了晶体的光产额,其中BaF₂∶PbWO₄掺杂晶体室温闪烁发光强度达到65 p.e.·(MeV)-1,接近PET的使用要求。这种提高与晶体F-离子掺杂引发晶体[WO₄]2-四面体基团畸变有关,F-离子进入该四面体产生了新的发光中心。     

Study on the optical properties of rapidly grown KDP crystals

KDP crystals were grown at growth rates from 5.0 to 19.0 mm/d. Transmittance, laser damage threshold and light scatter were detected. It has been shown that laser damage thresholds of KDP crystals decrease with the increase of the absorption coefficients. Large-scale impurity is an important factor that causes light absorption in UV range and reduces the damage threshold.     

A new metal-organic nonlinear optical material: L-Asparagine Indium chloride (LAIn) for photonics application

Single crystal of l-Asparagine Indium chloride (LAIn), a new semi-organic crystal was grown by slow evaporation method with deionized water as solvent at ambient condition. The crystal structure of LAIn has been determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction and the result shows that the crystal belongs to the orthorhombic system with P2₁2₁2₁ space group. The crystalline nature of grown crystal was analyzed by powder X-ray diffraction analysis. Optical parameters, such as absorbance, transmittance and optical band gap energy were analyzed using UV–Vis NIR transmittance data at the range of 190–800?nm. The ultraviolet (UV) emission nature of the sample was established from the sharp emission peaks in photoluminescence (PL) spectrum. The photo conductivity test exhibits that the grown crystal has positive photo conductive nature. The induced surface laser damage threshold (LDT) for the grown crystal was measured using Nd:YAG laser. The nonlinear optical efficiency of the LAIn crystal was studied using modified Kurtz-Perry powder technique. The hardness, Meyer index, yield strength and elastic stiffness constant were calculated for the grown crystal using Vickers microhardness tester. The variation of dielectric constant and dielectric loss of the grown crystals as a function of frequency has been investigated at different temperatures. The melting point and thermal stability of the LAIn single crystal have been studied by thermo gravimetric analysis and differential thermal analysis (TG/DTA).     

Linear and nonlinear optical properties of a new organic NLO l-asparaginium l-tartarate (AST) single crystal

A new organic NLO material l-asparaginium l-tartarate (AST) was synthesized and good quality crystals were grown from aqueous solution. The solubility and metastable zone width for AST solution were determined. Single crystal X-ray diffraction and powder X-ray diffraction analyses were carried out to confirm structure and crystalline nature of AST crystal. Optical transmittance and second harmonic generation efficiency (SHG) of the grown crystal were studied by UV?vis?NIR spectrum and Kurtz powder technique respectively. The transmittance of AST crystal was used to calculate the refractive index (n), the extinction coefficient (k) and reflectance (R). The laser induced surface damage threshold for the grown crystal was measured using Nd:YAG laser.     

非线性光学晶体4-(4-二甲基氨基苯乙烯基)甲基吡啶对甲基苯磺酸盐的制备与性能研究

采用籽晶法制备了大体积高质量的4-(4-二甲基氨基苯乙烯基)甲基吡啶对甲基苯磺酸盐(DAST)晶体，对制备条件进行了优化，对DAST晶体X射线衍射谱图中的主要峰进行了指标化.另外，还对所制备的DAST晶体的透光性、热稳定性进行了研究， 并对265℃的焙烧产物进行了X射线衍射 (XRD)和傅里叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR)测试，证明了260℃是DAST晶体的熔化相变温度， 说明采用熔融法制备DAST晶体是可行的；同时还对DAST晶体的热失重过程进行了初步探讨. 关键词： 4-(4-二甲基氨基苯乙烯基)甲基吡啶对甲基苯磺酸盐 晶体生长 X射线衍射 热稳定性     

Laser induced surface damage, thermal transport and microhardness studies on certain organic and semiorganic nonlinear optical crystals

N-alkyl-2,6-dimethyl-4(1H)-pyridinones, salts of 4-dimethylaminopyridine and 2-amino-5-nitropyridine are considered to be potential candidates for nonlinear optical (NLO) applications, in particular for the generation of blue-green laser radiation. Single crystals were grown following the slow evaporation technique at constant temperature. Single-shot laser-induced surface damage thresholds in the range 3–10 GW/cm² were measured using a 18 ns Q-switched Nd:YAG laser. The surface morphologies of the damaged crystals were examined under an optical microscope and the nature of damage identified. The Vicker’s microhardness was determined at a load of 98.07 mN. The thermal transport properties, thermal diffusivity (α), thermal effusivity (e), thermal conductivity (K) and heat capacity (C_p), of the grown crystals were measured by an improved photopyroelectric technique at room temperature. All the results are presented and discussed. PACS 42.70.Mp; 61.66.Hq; 67.80.Gb; 42.65.-k     

2-Phenylethylammonium p-hydroxybenzoate: Growth,structural, spectral,thermal, optical and mechanical characterization

An efficient nonlinear optical single crystal of 2-phenylethylammonium p-hydroxybenzoate (2PPHB) was grown from aqueous solution by slow evaporation solution growth method. Single crystal X-ray diffraction studies confirmed that 2PPHB crystallizes in orthorhombic crystal system with non-centrosymmetric space group of Pna2₁. The presence of functional groups in the synthesized compound was identified by FTIR spectral analysis. The grown crystals were thermally stable up to 155 °C. UV–vis absorption, photoluminescence and birefringence optical properties of grown crystal were explored. The laser induced surface damage threshold and relative second harmonic generation properties of the grown crystal were studied using Q-switched Nd:YAG laser. The variation of dielectric properties of the grown crystal with frequency was investigated for different temperatures. The mechanical response of the crystal was studied by Vicker's microhardness technique.