基于能量色散-X射线荧光光谱方法对轻稀土料液配分含量的在线测定

稀土精矿分离出单一稀土元素的工艺过程属于连续流程制造,多采用人工取样-ICP实验室分析测试的方法进行工艺监测与控制,检测结果滞后于生产实际,可能造成产品质量不稳定等后果。实验基于能量色散X射线荧光光谱技术,建立了一种在线测定稀土分离过程中稀土配分含量的方法。通过对北方稀土典型元素镧、铈、镨、钕的能量色散-X射线荧光光谱特征分析,利用多元逐步回归从稀土混合料液中剥离出单一稀土元素信号。依据相对理论偏差对滤光片、管压、管流等条件进行优化,为稀土配分含量在线分析奠定了基础。开发了XOR-50稀土配分在线分析设备和在线检测方法,快速反映稀土分离萃取工艺状况,提供实时的在线萃取数据,为工艺调整提供精准可靠的数据支撑。研究结果显示,采用0.2 mm Al滤光片,25 kV光管激发电压,1 100 μA光管电流的测试条件,同一样品的稀土元素配分含量连续11次测定的相对标准偏差小于1%;现场分析结果与ICP-AES检测结果相符。镧,铈,镨,钕等轻稀土元素的仪器检出限小于5 μg·mL-1,完全满足稀土配分在线监测对准确性和可靠性要求。     

双模SU(2)相干态场与两个耦合原子相互作用的动力学

研究了SU(2)相干态场与两个原子非简并双光子相互作用系统中原子的动力学行为和双模场的非经典性质,并讨论了双模场的总光子数,配分参量以及原子间偶极相互作用对它们的影响.     

双模SU(2)相干态场与两个耦合原子相互作用的动力学

研究了SU(2)相干态场与两个原子非简并双光子相互作用系统中原子的动力学行为 和双模场的非经典性质,并讨论了双模场的总光子数,配分参量以及原子间偶极相互作用对 它们的影响. 关键词：     

太赫兹时域光谱结合主成分分析线性判别和支持向量机用于大黄样品鉴定

太赫兹时域光谱技术(THz-TDS)结合主成分分析-线性判别分析(PCA-LDA)和支持向量机(SVM)用于正品大黄样品的鉴定。在时域测量41个大黄样品的太赫兹时域透射光谱,然后将这些时域信号转换成频域的吸收系数系数。根据样本的吸收系数建立了主成分分析-线性判别分析和支持向量机的定性分类模型,并对正品和非正品大黄样本的分类模型进行了交叉验证。模型的预测能力和稳定性使用自助拉丁配分进行评价,使用50次自助拉丁配分,配分数为4。使用主成分分析-线性判别分析和支持向量机均得到了满意的结果。提出的方法证明是一种方便、无污染、准确和无需化学处理的鉴定大黄样本的方法。该文提出的步骤可以应用于其他中草药分类和生产的质量控制。     

中国东南部中、新生代基性岩荧光光谱与等离子质谱测试结果对比及其地质意义分析

通过对中国东南部中、新生代基性岩类岩石的荧光光谱和等离子体质谱分析结果的对比研究,发现中生代基性岩SiO₂平均含量为±50%,新生代基性岩为±43%,前者属典型基性岩类,后者属超基性岩类。两者在微量元素及稀土元素组成上也有显著差异。中生代基性岩的微量元素和稀土元素标准化配分模式与上陆壳的配分模式相同或相似,而新生代基性岩则与OIB型洋岛玄武岩相同或相似。由此得到的认识是：新生代的基性岩与OIB型洋岛玄武岩一样,均为地幔来源,而中生代的基性岩浆则极有可能来自上陆壳底部,与本区中生代壳内重熔岩浆层的演化有关。     

太赫兹时域光谱结合主成分分析线性判别和支持向量机用于大黄样品鉴定（英文）

太赫兹时域光谱技术(THz-TDS)结合主成分分析-线性判别分析(PCA-LDA)和支持向量机(SVM)用于正品大黄样品的鉴定。在时域测量41个大黄样品的太赫兹时域透射光谱,然后将这些时域信号转换成频域的吸收系数系数。根据样本的吸收系数建立了主成分分析-线性判别分析和支持向量机的定性分类模型,并对正品和非正品大黄样本的分类模型进行了交叉验证。模型的预测能力和稳定性使用自助拉丁配分进行评价,使用50次自助拉丁配分,配分数为4。使用主成分分析-线性判别分析和支持向量机均得到了满意的结果。提出的方法证明是一种方便、无污染、准确和无需化学处理的鉴定大黄样本的方法。该文提出的步骤可以应用于其他中草药分类和生产的质量控制。     

质子与核碰撞中长程关联单粒子谱和π凝聚

用配分温度和玻色-爱因斯坦统计的方法研究质子-核高能碰撞的多重产生. 计算了P_L=200GeV/c的pp,p-Ar和p-Xe的快度分布并与实验比较, 结果良好. 同时讨论了在p^－核碰撞时出现π凝聚的可能性.     

普里兹湾沉积物中稀土元素的测定及其配分模式分析

以HNO₃-H₂O₂-HF为消解体系,采用微波法对沉积物样品进行消解处理,利用电感耦合等离子质谱法测定了普里兹湾(Prydz Bay)沉积物中Sc, Y, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm等16种稀土元素(rare earth elements,REEs)的含量,并进行了配分模式分析。从普里兹湾沉积物样品的分析数据和球粒陨石标准化配分模式可以看出：稀土总量(∑REEs)变化范围为117.35～348.63 μg·g-1,其中Ce含量较高,在总量中占了很大比例;各站位平均值为196.75 μg·g-1,总量最大值是最小值的2.97倍;各个站位稀土元素分布模式基本一致,轻重稀土元素之间有明显的分馏。该方法表明：各元素的线性关系良好,相关系数≥0.999 7;相对标准偏差(RSD)＜5.0%,相对误差＜10.0%;除了Sc的检出限稍高,其他元素的检出限均能达到ng·L-1。因此,该方法适用于沉积物中稀土元素的定量分析。     

热核破碎中的间歇行为

本文用一种简单的蒙特卡罗模拟方法,甚至用简单配分方法,就能得到热核Au*破碎后得到的碎块电荷分布的阶乘矩与电荷小间隔间的级数律关系.它似乎表明此级数律并不唯一地是热核破碎中间歇行为的判据.     

双模SU(2)相干态场与一个Λ型三能级原子共振相互作用的光场非经典性质

采用全量子理论和数值计算方法, 研究了初始处于SU(2)相干态的双模腔场与一个Λ型三能级原子共振相互作用的光场非经典性质,讨论了在没有对原子进行态选择测量、 直接对原子进行态选择测量和应用经典微波场并对原子进行态选择测量的三种情况下,两个腔模总光子数、配分参量和耦合系数对光场非经典性质的影响.结果表明,增加两个腔模的总光子数M或对原子进行态选择测量,双模差压缩明显增强;减小配分参量和应用经典场并对原子进行态选择测量,a模光子的亚Poisson统计分布的平均程度变浅,而b模变深;两模间的反相关特征保持不变,增加M或直接对原子进行态选择测量,反相关平均程度变浅;直接对原子进行态选择测量,违背Cauchy-Schwartz不等式.     

Five-brane effective action in M-theory

On the world-volume of an M-theory five-brane propagates a two-form with self-dual field strength. As this field is non-Lagrangian, there is no obvious framework for determining its partition function. An analogous problem exists in Type IIB superstring theory for the self-dual five-form. The resolution of these problems and definition of the partition function is explained. A more complete analysis of perturbative anomaly cancellation for M-theory five-branes is also presented, uncovering some surprising details.     

The Yang-Yang thermodynamic formalism and Large Deviations

The partition function for a one-dimensional system of Bosons with repulsive delta-function interaction is investigated. We prove that if the Bethe Ansatz eigenfunctions form a complete set then the grand canonical pressure is given by the Yang-Yang formula. The proof uses a probabilistic formalism to express the partition function as an expectation with respect to a probability measure on a Banach space of measures; the asymptotic behaviour of the expectation in the thermodynamic limit is determined by the Large Deviation Principle. This method is applicable in situations in which the Hamiltonian can be diagonalised using the Bethe Ansatz.     

From scattering singularities to the partition of a horseshoe

In a chaotic scattering system there are two different approaches to construct a symbolic dynamics. One comes from the branching tree obtained from a scattering function. The other comes from a Markov partition based on the line of primary homoclinic tangencies in the Poincare map taken in the interaction region. In general the two results only coincide for a complete horseshoe. We show how to make a different choice for the partition in the internal Poincare section based on scattering behavior and not on homoclinic tangencies. Then the corresponding symbolic dynamics coincides also for the incomplete case with the one obtained naturally from the scattering functions. The scattering based partition lines of the horseshoe are constructed by an iterative procedure. (c) 1999 American Institute of Physics.     

The classification of affineSU(3) modular invariant partition functions

A complete classification of thephysical modular invariant partition functions for the WZNW models is known for very few affine algebras and levels, the most significant being all levels ofSU(2), and level 1 of all simple algebras. In this paper we solve the classification problem forSU(3) modular invariant partition functions, all levels. Our approach will also be applicable to other affine Lie algebras, and we include some preliminary work in that direction, including a sketch of a new proof forSU(2).     

Stable and metastable states and the formation and destruction of breathers in the discrete nonlinear Schrödinger equation

Statistical mechanics explains many localization phenomena of lattices such as the discrete nonlinear Schrödinger equation. However, numerical simulations show that the complete thermalization is rarely achieved. Instead, one observes metastable statistical states that are robust when excited locally. This paper investigates thermodynamically metastable states where the trajectory is confined to some part of the energy shell. The partition function and the entropy are computed with a perturbation method. This method is applicable to stable and metastable states, and it allows us to give approximative analytic expressions for the entropy in the complete thermodynamic state space.     

Exact solution for guided sound transmission through a double partition

The exact solution is obtained for the problem of the transmission of a symmetric sound wave through a double partition contained in a parallel-plane waveguide with rigid walls. A membrane model is used for the two leaves of the partition. The solution involves a number of infinite series which converge rapidly. It is not necessary to make any special assumptions regarding the parameters describing the model. In particular no modifications are necessary for the region of the critical frequencies. Full details are given for the particular case of an incident plane wave. The result, which is suitable for computation, involves four converging infinite series. In general there are no frequencies of complete transmission or reflection. Similar analysis applies to the case of a circular waveguide.     

Partition Function Zeros at First-Order Phase Transitions: Pirogov—Sinai Theory

This paper is a continuation of our previous analysis(2) of partition functions zeros in models with first-order phase transitions and periodic boundary conditions. Here it is shown that the assumptions under which the results of ref. 2 were established are satisfied by a large class of lattice models. These models are characterized by two basic properties: The existence of only a finite number of ground states and the availability of an appropriate contour representation. This setting includes, for instance, the Ising, Potts, and Blume–Capel models at low temperatures. The combined results of ref. 2 and the present paper provide complete control of the zeros of the partition function with periodic boundary conditions for all models in the above class.     

Phase transition in a linear chain of classical spins with a logarithmic nearest neighbour pair potential

We present the complete calculation of the partition function and correlation functions of a linear array of classical spins coupled by a nearest neighbour logarithmic pair potential. In the case of a ferromagnetic coupling there occurs a phase transition at T_c > 0. The critical exponents of the specific heat C and the magnetic susceptibility χ (in the absence of an external field) are shown to have the non-classical value α = 2 and classical value γ = 1 respectively. The underlying mathematical mechanism of the phase transition is the complete degeneracy of all the eigenvalues of the corresponding integral equation (Kac's mechanism). Below T_c the partition function becomes complex. For antiferromagnetic coupling the free energy is analytic in the whole temperature range and so no phase transition occurs in this case.     

Dynamical invariants in the deterministic fixed-energy sandpile

The non-ergodic behavior of the deterministic Fixed Energy Sandpile (DFES), with Bak-Tang-Wiesenfeld (BTW) rule, is explained by the complete characterization of a class of dynamical invariants (or toppling invariants). The link between such constants of motion and the discrete Laplacians properties on graphs is algebraically and numerically clarified. In particular, it is possible to build up an explicit algorithm determining the complete set of independent toppling invariants. The partition of the configuration space into dynamically invariant sets, and the further refinement of such a partition into basins of attraction for orbits, are also studied. The total number of invariant sets equals the graphs complexity. In the case of two dimensional lattices, it is possible to estimate a very regular exponential growth of this number vs. the size. Looking at other features, the toppling invariants exhibit a highly irregular behavior. The usual constraint on the energy positiveness introduces a transition in the frozen phase. In correspondence to this transition, a dynamical crossover related to the halting times is observed. The analysis of the configuration space shows that the DFES has a different structure with respect to dissipative BTW and stochastic sandpiles models, supporting the conjecture that it lies in a distinct class of universality.