Linux下PCI同步时钟卡的驱动程序设计

为了解决在电力系统中存在的故障录波问题;能够向整个电力系统提供高精度的同步时标,统一整个系统的时间,为分析当系统发生故障后的故障发生地点提供有力的依据;为此设计了PCI同步时钟卡,该时钟卡可以接收GPS或者北斗卫星提供的时间信息;上位机采用PCI总线协议与时钟卡获取的数据进行交互;将电力系统发生行波故障时产生的峰值电压作为中断信号,在Linux下当中断信号到来时就读取同步时钟卡的时间信息以此判断故障发生的位置;为此详细介绍了Linux下字符设备开发与中断机制的实现。最后在Linux下编写PCI设备驱动程序,通过实验验证了在中断信号到来时,该设备能够准确的读取GPS或者北斗卫星发出的时间信息并且经过多次测试未发现中断丢失的情况,证明该驱动程序的正确性和可靠性。     

基于PCI-E总线的北斗导航授时卡Linux驱动设计

为提高Linux系统时间的精确度,设计了PCI-Express接口的北斗授时卡以及驱动程序。简要介绍了授时卡硬件和Linux系统设备驱动程序设计,包括驱动的编译、加载,同时利用图形界面开发工具GTK 编写授时测试软件。试验结果证明：在Ubuntu kylin系统平台下授时测试软件运行稳定、界面简洁,且授时精度达到100纳秒。     

基于北斗/GPS的网络授时系统设计

针对电脑主机多采用BIOS内时钟而导致系统时间不精确的问题,提出一种基于北斗/GPS芯片的网络授时系统设计。该系统采用可编程逻辑器件(FPGA)作为主控芯片,接收北斗/GPS双模芯片提供的UTC时间码流,解码并通过网口发送到PC机上作为精准时间。同时多个设备间相互连接,实现多设备之间的数据传输,增强系统的稳定性和可靠性。传输速率可达100Mbps。实验证明：北斗/GPS接收信号稳定,传输的时间信息准确,北斗/GPS所解时间信息误差不超过80ns,设备与PC机100Mbps传输速率误差在1-2ms,系统稳定、可靠。     

嵌入式Linux设备的高精度IEEE 1588时钟同步实现

IEEE 1588时钟同步协议用于解决分布式网络测控系统中远距离仪器设备之间的同步问题;在分析IEEE 1588时钟同步实现原理的基础上,提出一种嵌入式Linux设备的高精度IEEE 1588时钟同步实现方案;采用专用PHY芯片DP83640在物理层为PTP报文加盖硬件时间戳,设计网络设备驱动与PTP硬件时钟控制驱动,并在用户层利用Linux系统标准API实现IEEE 1588协议软件;实验结果表明,两台设备直接相连时,时钟同步精度可稳定在±100 ns以内。     

基于FPGA和有限状态机的守时系统设计

通过对现阶段守时系统实际应用情况和技术特点的分析,提出了一种新的守时系统设计方案,设计了一个基于FPGA和有限状态机的守时系统;采用恒温晶振组成本地时钟,与GPS/北斗时钟源共同作为系统的输入信号,利用FPGA设计守时系统的基本电路和有限状态机,并对调频调相部分和外部D/A转换电路进行控制,实现本地时钟与时钟源完全同频同相输出,从而快速获得高精度的时间基准,并能在GPS/北斗失锁后对时钟源信号进行保持,实现通信系统的时间同步。     

基于北斗的高精度时空服务设备的研制

为提供基于北斗的高精度授时/定位服务,设计了一种小型化、多通路的时空服务设备。该设备采用高性能多核DSP和FPGA作为主处理器,实时采集和处理北斗卫星数据,从而为终端提供精准的北斗时间/位置,以及北斗短报文通信功能。同时,利用设备内部高性能恒温晶振产生与北斗时间高度同步的时间基准,为卫星失锁时提供可靠的守时数据。此外,为满足不同设备使用需求,主处理器进行了多种类型接口的扩展。经多台设备试验证明,该设备提供的授时、守时以及位置等各项信息精度指标均满足设计要求。     

高能X射线工业CT扫描运动控制系统设计

 分析了高能X射线工业CT扫描运动控制系统的作用,提出了扫描运动控制系统的组成方案。控制系统由工业控制计算机、计数卡、控制卡、伺服驱动器、伺服电机、工作平台、光栅和控制软件组成。研究了在Windows驱动程序模式（WDM）下,控制系统设备驱动程序的组成。以运动控制卡为例,研究了开发控制系统设备驱动程序的方法,并分析了设备驱动程序和用户程序交互的过程。通过编写WDM驱动程序,实现了对高能X射线工业CT扫描运动系统的实时控制。实验结果表明,开发的扫描运动控制系统,可靠性和实时性满足要求。     

基于实时嵌入式系统的串口设备驱动技术研究

针对基于VxWorks嵌入式系统的设备驱动的设计与实现展开研究。在分析系统层次结构和设备驱动调用关系的基础上,对基于VxWorks嵌入式系统的设备驱动框架结构设计,提出了虚拟设备驱动层这一理念,虚拟设备驱动层处在I/O系统和真实驱动程序之间,通过虚拟设备驱动层来统一管理各真实硬件驱动,同时还管理着I/O系统和真实驱动程序之间的通信;通过给出的读写环形缓冲区解决了低速设备和处理器两者的速度同步问题,大大降低了系统开销,提高了驱动程序的性能;通过使用虚拟设备驱动层这一理念开发设备驱动在可靠性和实时性方面都能满足应用要求。     

一种飞艇半物理仿真系统ARINC429驱动的设计与实现

为了满足飞艇实际飞行过程对通信可靠性和实时性的需求,半物理仿真系统的飞艇模型计算机采用以PC为平台的Xpc嵌入式实时系统,飞控计算机采用以PowerPC为平台的VxWork嵌入式实时系统,通过ARINC429协议完成数据通讯;硬件上,PowerPC通过桥接芯片访问并控制PCI设备;软件上,按照Xpc系统和vxWork系统PCI设备驱动程序的编写流程,分析了xPC内存驱动框架和vxBus驱动框架关键技术点,设计了飞艇模型计算机Xpc和飞控计算机Vxwork的ARINC429通讯卡驱动程序;通过实际的应用,证实所开发的ARINC429驱动程序满足飞艇半物理仿真平台数据通讯的可靠性和实时性。     

卫星导航接收机自动测试系统

为了满足卫星导航接收机整机性能快速、精确测试的需求,实现对导航接收机性能的自动测试,构建了一种基于NI PXI硬件平台,采用导航信号模拟器、虚拟仪器技术和Microsoft Visual Studio 2008软件进行开发的卫星导航接收机自动测试系统。系统实现了多导航接收机的定位精度、冷启动首次定位时间、热启动首次定位时间、捕获灵敏度、速度精度的并行自动测试。良好的人机交互界面与多接收机并行测试的稳定运行,大大缩短了测试时间,提高了测试效率。通过对北斗导航接收机大量测试,结果表明该卫星导航接收机快速测试系统对于导航接收机整机性能并行测试快速、有效。     

Theoretical analysis and simulation of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO system in lidar

A multi-conjugate adaptive optics （MCAO） can offer a possibility of widening field of view （FOV） characterized by the isoplanatic angle, and the choose of conjugate height becomes a basic problem for MCAO, which influences the size of iosplanatic angle. Considering the application of lidar, the isoplanatic angle＇s expressions of two deformable mirrors （DMs） MCAO for uplink and downlink are deduced. The effects of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO are thoughtfully discussed, and the isoplanatic angles are further analyzed. The results show that the isopanatic angle varies with the conjugate height and reaches the maximum as the conjugate height is at the optimal altitude. Moreover, the optimal conjugate height changes with the propagation distance.     

Quick single-photon detector with many avalanche photo diodes working on the time division

Due to the limit of response speed of the present single-photon detector, the code rate is still too low to come into practical use for the present quantum key distribution (QKD) system.A new idea is put up to design a quick single-photon detector.This quick single-photon detector is composed of a multi-port optic-fiber splitter and many avalanche photo diodes (APDs).Au of the ports with APDs work on the time division and cooperate with a logic discriminating and deciding unit driven by the clock signal.The operation frequency lies on the number N of ports, and can reach N times of the conventional single-photon detector.The single-photon prompt detection can come true for high repetition-rate pulses.The applying of this detector will largely raise the code rate of the QKD, and boost the commercial use.     

Characterization of PolyA and PolyC mismatches by Raman spectroscopy

A.C mismatches are studied by Raman spectral characterization of PolyA, PolyC, and their equimolar complex in solution of 0.14 mol/L Na ,pH7.0.Experimental results show that A·C mismatches occur to be A/B (mainly A) conformers, and unlike Watson-Crick base pairing, this kind of mismatches is stabilized by only one hydrogen bond involving cytosine N4H2 and adenine N7.The formation of A·C complex makes the base stacking interactions much stronger, and conformation of the backbone more ordered, which leads to obvious Raman hypochromic effect with some shifts in corresponding bands.     

Improvement of four-wave mixing-based wavelength conversion efficiency in dispersion shifted fiber by 40-GHz clock pumping

40-GHz clock modulated signal as a pump to improve the efficiency of four-wave mixing (FWM)-based wavelength conversion in a 26.5-km dispersion shifted fiber (DSF) is investigated. The experimental results demonstrate that the conjugated FWM component has higher intensity with the clock pumping than that with the continuous-wave (CW) light pumping. The improvement of FWM-based wavelength conversion efficiency is negligible when the pump power is less than Brillouin threshold. But when the pump power is greater than Brillouin threshold, the improvement becomes significant and increases with the increment of pump power. The improvement can increase up to 9 dB if pump power reaches 17 dBm.     

Multi-pulse operation of a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser

Our experimental results show that the presence of a proper amount of negative group velocity dispersion is essential to multi-pulse operation of a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser. We demonstrate that the pulse separations and the number of pulses contained within a cavity round trip are strongly dependent on the initial perturbations. The results allow us to get a better understanding on the influences of the convoluted self-phase modulation and intra-cavity dispersions on the stable multi-pulse oscillation in a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser.     

Propagation of Helmholtz-Gauss beams in weak turbulent atmosphere

Based on the Rytov approximation of light propagation in weak turbulent atmosphere,the closed-form expressions of field and average irradiance of each one of the four fundamental families of Helmholtz-Gauss (HzG)beams:cosine-Gauss beams,stationary Mathieu-Gauss beams,stationary parabolic-Gauss beams,and Bessel-Gauss beams,which are propagating in weak turbulent atmosphere,are obtained.The results show that the field and average irradiance can be written as the product of four factors:complex amplitude depending on the z-coordinate only,a Ganssian beam.a factor of complex phase perturbation induced by atmospheric turbulence,and a complex scaled version of the transverse shape of the non-diffracting beam.The effect of weak atmospheric turbulence on irradiance distribution of the HzG beam can be ignored.     

An effective method for reducing speckle noise in digital holography

An effective method for reducing the speckle noise in digital holography is proposed in this paper.Different from the methods based on classical filtering technique,it utilizes the multiple holograms which are generated by rotating the illuminating light continuously.The intensity images reconstructed by a series of holograms generated by rotating the illuminating light possess different speckle patterns.Hence by properly averaging the reconstructed intensity fields,the speckle noises can be reduced greatly.Experimental results show that the proposed method is simple and effective to reduce speckle noise in digital holography.     

Influence of purity of HfO2 on reflectance of ultraviolet multilayer

The impurities in two kinds of HfO2 materials and in their corresponding single layer thin films were determined through glow discharge mass spectrum technology and secondary ion mass spectrometry(SIMS) equipment respectively.It was found that ZrO2 was the main impurity in the two kinds of HfO2 either in the original HfO2 materials or in the electron beam deposited films.In addition,the difference of Zr content in the two kinds of HfO2 single laver films was much laxger than that of the other impurities such as Ti and Fe.which showed that it was just ZrO2 that made the difference between the optical performance of the film products including the two kinds of HfO2.With these two kinds of HfO2 and the same kind of SiO2.we deposited HfO2/SiO2 multilayer reflective coatings at the wavelength of 266 nm.Experimental results showed that the reflectances of these two mirrors were about 99.85% and 99.15% respectively,which agreed well with the designed results what were based on the optical constants obtained from the corresponding single layer thin films.     

Speech enhancement by array crosstalk resistant ANC and spectrum subtraction

Microphone array-based speech enhancement has great importance for speech communications and speech recognition. To reduce the aperture of the microphone array and to increase the effect of the speech enhancement will greatly broaden the application areas of the microphone array. An array crosstalk resistant adaptive noise cancellation method is therefore presented. And then an improved spectral subtraction algorithm is further cascaded to obtain better enhancement results. Theoretic analysis and experiments indicate that the proposed scheme needs only a very small microphone array while it simultaneously achieves a higher SNR improvement. Besides, the proposed scheme can be used in many noisy environments and is easy for real-time implementation.