辐射与发光 发光与发光器件

TN312．8 2005010011 基于蒙特卡罗模拟方法的光源用LED封装光学结构设计 =LED’s optical encapsulation structure design based on Monte Carlo simulation method[刊,中]／颜峻(福州大学电子科学与应用物理系．福建,福州(350002)),于映∥发光学报．-2004,25(1)．-90-94 引进蒙特卡罗(Monte Carlo)随机模拟方法对常规形式发光二极管(LED)的光学封装结构进行模拟,得出了     

一种新型的基于非成像光学的LED均匀照明系统

为解决发光二极管(LED)作为朗伯光源难以直接应用的问题,运用非成像光学设计方法,实现了一种新型的基于LED的均匀照明系统,它能够在一个特定位置的屏幕上形成一个具有特定尺寸的均匀圆形光斑。使用基于蒙特卡罗法的光线追迹软件对该光学系统进行模拟仿真,结果显示屏幕上光斑的均匀度优于85%,系统效率高于82%。     

用蒙特卡罗光子追迹方法分析闪光灯的结构设计

闪光灯反光罩结构设计的目标是使得所拍摄视场内的光能量分布尽量均衡。不同于基于几何光学理论的闪光灯计算和设计方法,采用了蒙特卡罗光子追迹法来分析闪光灯的结构设计。通过对照相机闪光灯几何结构的分析,引入余弦随机变量等方法,建立了闪光灯系统中光源、反光罩、菲涅耳透镜等部件的数学模型。先用蒙特卡罗光子追迹法模拟了单光子在闪光灯中飞行的各种可能状态,再通过产生大量光子仿真真实的情况。并对一个具体的闪光灯结构进行了计算,计算得到了光强和光子方向矢量在水平、垂直两个方向的投影角之间的分布曲线图。仿真结果符合设计要求并与实测曲线很接近,从而验证了蒙特卡罗光子追迹法在闪光灯结构设计中的可行性。     

基于均分配焦椭流线法的LED匀光管菲涅尔反射器设计

基于边光原理和椭流线理论提出了均分配焦椭流线的非成像光学设计方法,通过对LED光源的能量均分、椭流线虚实焦点的配对和光学仿真优化三个规范步骤实现了应用于LED匀光管均匀配光的菲涅尔反射器的光学设计.分析了光源、反射器和投射目标面三者之间的复杂关系,为LED照明设计的优化提供了方便.仿真结果表明,LED匀光管管壁照度的均匀度超过0.93,有效降低了LED光源的眩光性.     

基于均分配焦椭流线法的LED匀光管菲涅尔反射器设计

基于边光原理和椭流线理论提出了均分配焦椭流线的非成像光学设计方法,通过对LED光源的能量均分、椭流线虚实焦点的配对和光学仿真优化三个规范步骤实现了应用于LED匀光管均匀配光的菲涅尔反射器的光学设计.分析了光源、反射器和投射目标面三者之间的复杂关系,为LED照明设计的优化提供了方便.仿真结果表明,LED匀光管管壁照度的均匀度超过0.93,有效降低了LED光源的眩光性.     

实现LED准直照明的优化设计

为了有效地利用光源能量,满足LED远场照明系统要求,提出了一种实现LED大视场角准直照明的自由曲面透镜设计方法.运用ZEMAX软件序列模式下的多重组态建立透镜结构,在ZEMAX的二次开发环境下,采用宏语言编写自定义优化函数,实现对光学系统的自动优化.通过得到的自由曲面面型数据,借助光学仿真软件进行模拟,模拟光源采用圆面...     

实现LED准直照明的优化设计

为了有效地利用光源能量,满足LED远场照明系统要求,提出了一种实现LED大视场角准直照明的自由曲面透镜设计方法.运用ZEMAX软件序列模式下的多重组态建立透镜结构,在ZEMAX的二次开发环境下,采用宏语言编写自定义优化函数,实现对光学系统的自动优化.通过得到的自由曲面面型数据,借助光学仿真软件进行模拟,模拟光源采用圆面发光的LED朗伯体,视角为180°,透镜材料为PMMA,点光源模拟得到的发散半角在±0.1°以内,能量利用率在87%以上,实现了较高的能量利用率.     

基于Taguchi方法的LED植物光源优化设计

为了提高LED植物光源的有效利用率,基于Taguchi的实验方法对LED植物红蓝光源阵列进行设计和优化。用MATLAB软件编程进行仿真模拟,通过ANOVA方法分析得出对植物光源照射距离为10 cm处的红蓝光的光子数比值(R/B)分布均匀度影响最大的因子,并对试验最优结果采用Trace Pro光学软件进行试验验证,从而获得本次试验最佳的参数组合。结果表明:曲率半径为50 mm的凹形曲面底板的圆心加点排布方式,圆心为LED蓝光芯片,圆环上为LED红光芯片,芯片数量分别为6个LED红光芯片和1个LED蓝光芯片,芯片距离为10 mm的最优化组合是本次试验的最优组合。通过ANOVA方法分析得出,LED红蓝芯片之间的间距对植物光源的R/B的均匀分布影响最大,占有35.17%的比例,LED红蓝芯片的排布方式也不可忽略,因为其占有了28.05%的影响比例。     

基于LED光源与聚合物光纤束的能量均匀透镜耦合器设计

研究了以大功率发光二极管(LED)作为光源的聚合物光纤束(POFB)透镜耦合器的原理和设计方法,基于能量补偿和坐标迭代法设计了一种能量均匀分布自由曲面透镜耦合器。透镜耦合器由两个折射曲面和两个反射曲面以及一个环形柱透镜面组成,折射曲面将修正的朗伯型大功率LED光束中发散角度较小的光线均匀分配在POFB端面上;反射曲面将LED光束中发散角度较大的光线作为补偿光线进行能量重新分配以提高目标面的照度均匀性,并以光纤束端面的照度均匀性和有效光利用率为优化目标对透镜耦合器结构进行优化设计。光学仿真结果表明,当采用3535规格的LED作为光源时,设计的耦合器可使直径为0.5 mm的20×20根POFB端面照度均匀性达到92%,有效光利用率达到71%。     

针对LED扩展光源照明的自由曲面透镜设计

针对LED扩展光源,采用双向反馈网格法设计了自由曲面透镜.划分光源和目标面的能量网格,通过对每一条迭代曲线建立反馈系数,对网格点进行修正并建立新的映射关系,设计了两个目标面中心无光照度的自由曲面透镜.将设计的自由曲面透镜用蒙特卡罗方法对不同尺寸的LED扩展光源进行了模拟仿真.结果表明,对于尺寸在4mm×4mm以下的LE...     

Theoretical analysis and simulation of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO system in lidar

A multi-conjugate adaptive optics （MCAO） can offer a possibility of widening field of view （FOV） characterized by the isoplanatic angle, and the choose of conjugate height becomes a basic problem for MCAO, which influences the size of iosplanatic angle. Considering the application of lidar, the isoplanatic angle＇s expressions of two deformable mirrors （DMs） MCAO for uplink and downlink are deduced. The effects of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO are thoughtfully discussed, and the isoplanatic angles are further analyzed. The results show that the isopanatic angle varies with the conjugate height and reaches the maximum as the conjugate height is at the optimal altitude. Moreover, the optimal conjugate height changes with the propagation distance.     

Quick single-photon detector with many avalanche photo diodes working on the time division

Due to the limit of response speed of the present single-photon detector, the code rate is still too low to come into practical use for the present quantum key distribution (QKD) system.A new idea is put up to design a quick single-photon detector.This quick single-photon detector is composed of a multi-port optic-fiber splitter and many avalanche photo diodes (APDs).Au of the ports with APDs work on the time division and cooperate with a logic discriminating and deciding unit driven by the clock signal.The operation frequency lies on the number N of ports, and can reach N times of the conventional single-photon detector.The single-photon prompt detection can come true for high repetition-rate pulses.The applying of this detector will largely raise the code rate of the QKD, and boost the commercial use.     

Characterization of PolyA and PolyC mismatches by Raman spectroscopy

A.C mismatches are studied by Raman spectral characterization of PolyA, PolyC, and their equimolar complex in solution of 0.14 mol/L Na ,pH7.0.Experimental results show that A·C mismatches occur to be A/B (mainly A) conformers, and unlike Watson-Crick base pairing, this kind of mismatches is stabilized by only one hydrogen bond involving cytosine N4H2 and adenine N7.The formation of A·C complex makes the base stacking interactions much stronger, and conformation of the backbone more ordered, which leads to obvious Raman hypochromic effect with some shifts in corresponding bands.     

Improvement of four-wave mixing-based wavelength conversion efficiency in dispersion shifted fiber by 40-GHz clock pumping

40-GHz clock modulated signal as a pump to improve the efficiency of four-wave mixing (FWM)-based wavelength conversion in a 26.5-km dispersion shifted fiber (DSF) is investigated. The experimental results demonstrate that the conjugated FWM component has higher intensity with the clock pumping than that with the continuous-wave (CW) light pumping. The improvement of FWM-based wavelength conversion efficiency is negligible when the pump power is less than Brillouin threshold. But when the pump power is greater than Brillouin threshold, the improvement becomes significant and increases with the increment of pump power. The improvement can increase up to 9 dB if pump power reaches 17 dBm.     

Multi-pulse operation of a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser

Our experimental results show that the presence of a proper amount of negative group velocity dispersion is essential to multi-pulse operation of a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser. We demonstrate that the pulse separations and the number of pulses contained within a cavity round trip are strongly dependent on the initial perturbations. The results allow us to get a better understanding on the influences of the convoluted self-phase modulation and intra-cavity dispersions on the stable multi-pulse oscillation in a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser.     

Propagation of Helmholtz-Gauss beams in weak turbulent atmosphere

Based on the Rytov approximation of light propagation in weak turbulent atmosphere,the closed-form expressions of field and average irradiance of each one of the four fundamental families of Helmholtz-Gauss (HzG)beams:cosine-Gauss beams,stationary Mathieu-Gauss beams,stationary parabolic-Gauss beams,and Bessel-Gauss beams,which are propagating in weak turbulent atmosphere,are obtained.The results show that the field and average irradiance can be written as the product of four factors:complex amplitude depending on the z-coordinate only,a Ganssian beam.a factor of complex phase perturbation induced by atmospheric turbulence,and a complex scaled version of the transverse shape of the non-diffracting beam.The effect of weak atmospheric turbulence on irradiance distribution of the HzG beam can be ignored.     

An effective method for reducing speckle noise in digital holography

An effective method for reducing the speckle noise in digital holography is proposed in this paper.Different from the methods based on classical filtering technique,it utilizes the multiple holograms which are generated by rotating the illuminating light continuously.The intensity images reconstructed by a series of holograms generated by rotating the illuminating light possess different speckle patterns.Hence by properly averaging the reconstructed intensity fields,the speckle noises can be reduced greatly.Experimental results show that the proposed method is simple and effective to reduce speckle noise in digital holography.     

Influence of purity of HfO2 on reflectance of ultraviolet multilayer

The impurities in two kinds of HfO2 materials and in their corresponding single layer thin films were determined through glow discharge mass spectrum technology and secondary ion mass spectrometry(SIMS) equipment respectively.It was found that ZrO2 was the main impurity in the two kinds of HfO2 either in the original HfO2 materials or in the electron beam deposited films.In addition,the difference of Zr content in the two kinds of HfO2 single laver films was much laxger than that of the other impurities such as Ti and Fe.which showed that it was just ZrO2 that made the difference between the optical performance of the film products including the two kinds of HfO2.With these two kinds of HfO2 and the same kind of SiO2.we deposited HfO2/SiO2 multilayer reflective coatings at the wavelength of 266 nm.Experimental results showed that the reflectances of these two mirrors were about 99.85% and 99.15% respectively,which agreed well with the designed results what were based on the optical constants obtained from the corresponding single layer thin films.     

Speech enhancement by array crosstalk resistant ANC and spectrum subtraction

Microphone array-based speech enhancement has great importance for speech communications and speech recognition. To reduce the aperture of the microphone array and to increase the effect of the speech enhancement will greatly broaden the application areas of the microphone array. An array crosstalk resistant adaptive noise cancellation method is therefore presented. And then an improved spectral subtraction algorithm is further cascaded to obtain better enhancement results. Theoretic analysis and experiments indicate that the proposed scheme needs only a very small microphone array while it simultaneously achieves a higher SNR improvement. Besides, the proposed scheme can be used in many noisy environments and is easy for real-time implementation.