对亥姆霍兹线圈磁场分布的分析

利用DH4501D实验仪探究了亥姆霍兹线圈轴线上和轴线外的磁场分布问题。首先通过对单个线圈不同电流下的磁场分布的实验值与理论值对比发现电流大的磁场更接近理论值,更适合用来研究磁场分布问题。然后利用较大电流分别研究了单个线圈以及亥姆霍兹线圈轴线上和轴线外的磁场分布的规律及产生原因。最后利用磁场分布拟合了真空磁导率并与理论值进行了对比。通过对这些问题的研究不仅加深了对毕奥-萨伐尔定律的理解,更加明确了亥姆霍兹线圈的磁场分布规律。     

Matlab与实验相结合测量载流圆线圈磁场的新方法探究

通过搭建RLC串联谐振与电磁感应法测量载流圆线圈磁场的理想化模型,利用Matlab编程仿真,模拟不同电容与载流圆线圈串联达到谐振时,具有串联电容C越小,感应电动势U_m越大的分布规律.Matlab仿真结果说明RLC串联谐振改进电磁感应法测量载流圆线圈磁场科学可行,并对实际实验提供指导.实际实验效果最佳的3种电容即0.099 μF、0.100 μF、0.11 μF中,U_m实测结果符合Matlab仿真规律.最小电容即电容为0.099 μF时,圆线圈中心磁场测量误差仅为2.23%,精确度最高,远远高于传统电磁感应法测量误差15.67%.基于Matlab与实验相结合设计了一种测量载流圆线圈磁场的新方法,操作简便,现象明显,精确可靠,可推广到其他不同类型的线圈激发的弱磁场测量.     

利用智能手机磁传感器测量亥姆霍兹线圈磁场

通过预实验确定智能手机磁传感器的位置后,用其测量亥姆霍兹线圈轴线的磁场分布,验证毕奥-萨伐尔定律及磁场的叠加原理,提供一种较为精确而简便的测量磁场的新方法.     

电子成像均匀约束磁场的产生及测试分析

为增加离子与原子碰撞成像系统中探测电子的立体角，设计了一约束电子的复合型亥姆霍兹线圈装置.对复合型亥姆霍兹线圈的磁场分布进行了理论计算和分析，并对制作的复合型亥姆赫兹线圈产生的磁场进行了实验测量，得出磁场的均匀性好于±0.6%. 关键词： 亥姆霍兹线圈 磁场分布 磁场均匀性     

亥姆霍兹线圈的均匀磁场区

近年来,在普通物理实验中新开设了“磁场描绘”实验.它以1000赫芝的低频信号作励磁电源,用两个700匝、平均半径为10厘米的圆线圈产生磁场.探测线圈有1100匝、平均半径3.65毫米.实验要求测绘图线圈轴线平面上的磁感应线和亥姆霍兹线圈的均匀磁场区. 从学生的实验报告看,圆线圈轴线平面上磁感应线的描绘基本上是正确的.但亥姆霍兹线圈的均匀磁场区则形状各异,很不一致. 本文试图在简化实验条件的基础上,从理论上计算亥姆霍兹线圈均匀磁场区的范围,作为正确判断实验结果的依据. 一、圆电流轴线平面上任一点 磁感强度的数学表达式 根据毕奥-萨伐…     

亥姆霍兹线圈轴线磁场计算机测量实验研究

亥姆霍兹线圈产生的磁场具有广泛的物理应用。利用霍尔传感器件,研究制作了具有USB2．0数据通讯接口的高速磁场数据测量装置,编写了磁场数据采集处理程序,设计了中心距可调的亥姆霍兹线圈并用所研制的仪器进行了轴向磁场分布测量。结果表明：该实验装置测量精度高,实时性好,实验手段先进,可扩展为多个设计性物理实验。     

平行共轴线圈的磁场特征研究与实验设计

通过计算机及相关的传感器和数据采集接口辅助,研究了平行共轴双线圈间距分别为0.5R,R,1.5R时,轴线方向磁场强度的分布规律及特征.从平行共轴双线圈间距为R的亥姆霍兹线圈所形成的均匀磁场出发,结合理论推导,自己设计并组装了三线圈实验装置,实现了平行共轴三线圈均匀磁场区域扩大、强度增强的实验设计,在一定程度上弥补了传统亥姆霍兹线圈磁场测量的不足并有助于对其深入的理解和研究.     

一个传统磁学实验的改进——用集成霍尔传感器探测亥姆霍兹线圈的交直流磁场

用集成霍尔传感器测量亥姆霍兹线圈的交流和直流磁场,验证场的叠加原理,提供一种测量交流和直流磁场更精确的新实验方法.     

亥姆霍兹线圈磁场分布及其测量

采用美国PASCO公司生产的＂科学工作室＂物理实验系统重新设计了亥姆雷兹线圈磁场实验,以定量分析的实验形式,弥补了传统方法测量亥姆霍兹线圈磁场的不足,同时也体现了PASCO科学工作室在实验数据采集方面具有传统方法不可比拟的优点。     

利用亥姆霍兹线圈测量真空磁导率

采用FD-HM-Ⅰ型亥姆霍兹线圈,利用高灵敏度毫特斯拉计,探测亥姆霍兹线圈公共轴线中点的磁感应强度.通过改变亥姆霍兹线圈中电流的正、反方向,消除了地磁场影响,从而精确测定了真空磁导率.     

Theoretical analysis and simulation of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO system in lidar

A multi-conjugate adaptive optics （MCAO） can offer a possibility of widening field of view （FOV） characterized by the isoplanatic angle, and the choose of conjugate height becomes a basic problem for MCAO, which influences the size of iosplanatic angle. Considering the application of lidar, the isoplanatic angle＇s expressions of two deformable mirrors （DMs） MCAO for uplink and downlink are deduced. The effects of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO are thoughtfully discussed, and the isoplanatic angles are further analyzed. The results show that the isopanatic angle varies with the conjugate height and reaches the maximum as the conjugate height is at the optimal altitude. Moreover, the optimal conjugate height changes with the propagation distance.     

Quick single-photon detector with many avalanche photo diodes working on the time division

Due to the limit of response speed of the present single-photon detector, the code rate is still too low to come into practical use for the present quantum key distribution (QKD) system.A new idea is put up to design a quick single-photon detector.This quick single-photon detector is composed of a multi-port optic-fiber splitter and many avalanche photo diodes (APDs).Au of the ports with APDs work on the time division and cooperate with a logic discriminating and deciding unit driven by the clock signal.The operation frequency lies on the number N of ports, and can reach N times of the conventional single-photon detector.The single-photon prompt detection can come true for high repetition-rate pulses.The applying of this detector will largely raise the code rate of the QKD, and boost the commercial use.     

Characterization of PolyA and PolyC mismatches by Raman spectroscopy

A.C mismatches are studied by Raman spectral characterization of PolyA, PolyC, and their equimolar complex in solution of 0.14 mol/L Na ,pH7.0.Experimental results show that A·C mismatches occur to be A/B (mainly A) conformers, and unlike Watson-Crick base pairing, this kind of mismatches is stabilized by only one hydrogen bond involving cytosine N4H2 and adenine N7.The formation of A·C complex makes the base stacking interactions much stronger, and conformation of the backbone more ordered, which leads to obvious Raman hypochromic effect with some shifts in corresponding bands.     

Improvement of four-wave mixing-based wavelength conversion efficiency in dispersion shifted fiber by 40-GHz clock pumping

40-GHz clock modulated signal as a pump to improve the efficiency of four-wave mixing (FWM)-based wavelength conversion in a 26.5-km dispersion shifted fiber (DSF) is investigated. The experimental results demonstrate that the conjugated FWM component has higher intensity with the clock pumping than that with the continuous-wave (CW) light pumping. The improvement of FWM-based wavelength conversion efficiency is negligible when the pump power is less than Brillouin threshold. But when the pump power is greater than Brillouin threshold, the improvement becomes significant and increases with the increment of pump power. The improvement can increase up to 9 dB if pump power reaches 17 dBm.     

Multi-pulse operation of a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser

Our experimental results show that the presence of a proper amount of negative group velocity dispersion is essential to multi-pulse operation of a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser. We demonstrate that the pulse separations and the number of pulses contained within a cavity round trip are strongly dependent on the initial perturbations. The results allow us to get a better understanding on the influences of the convoluted self-phase modulation and intra-cavity dispersions on the stable multi-pulse oscillation in a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser.     

Propagation of Helmholtz-Gauss beams in weak turbulent atmosphere

Based on the Rytov approximation of light propagation in weak turbulent atmosphere,the closed-form expressions of field and average irradiance of each one of the four fundamental families of Helmholtz-Gauss (HzG)beams:cosine-Gauss beams,stationary Mathieu-Gauss beams,stationary parabolic-Gauss beams,and Bessel-Gauss beams,which are propagating in weak turbulent atmosphere,are obtained.The results show that the field and average irradiance can be written as the product of four factors:complex amplitude depending on the z-coordinate only,a Ganssian beam.a factor of complex phase perturbation induced by atmospheric turbulence,and a complex scaled version of the transverse shape of the non-diffracting beam.The effect of weak atmospheric turbulence on irradiance distribution of the HzG beam can be ignored.     

An effective method for reducing speckle noise in digital holography

An effective method for reducing the speckle noise in digital holography is proposed in this paper.Different from the methods based on classical filtering technique,it utilizes the multiple holograms which are generated by rotating the illuminating light continuously.The intensity images reconstructed by a series of holograms generated by rotating the illuminating light possess different speckle patterns.Hence by properly averaging the reconstructed intensity fields,the speckle noises can be reduced greatly.Experimental results show that the proposed method is simple and effective to reduce speckle noise in digital holography.     

Influence of purity of HfO2 on reflectance of ultraviolet multilayer

The impurities in two kinds of HfO2 materials and in their corresponding single layer thin films were determined through glow discharge mass spectrum technology and secondary ion mass spectrometry(SIMS) equipment respectively.It was found that ZrO2 was the main impurity in the two kinds of HfO2 either in the original HfO2 materials or in the electron beam deposited films.In addition,the difference of Zr content in the two kinds of HfO2 single laver films was much laxger than that of the other impurities such as Ti and Fe.which showed that it was just ZrO2 that made the difference between the optical performance of the film products including the two kinds of HfO2.With these two kinds of HfO2 and the same kind of SiO2.we deposited HfO2/SiO2 multilayer reflective coatings at the wavelength of 266 nm.Experimental results showed that the reflectances of these two mirrors were about 99.85% and 99.15% respectively,which agreed well with the designed results what were based on the optical constants obtained from the corresponding single layer thin films.     

Speech enhancement by array crosstalk resistant ANC and spectrum subtraction

Microphone array-based speech enhancement has great importance for speech communications and speech recognition. To reduce the aperture of the microphone array and to increase the effect of the speech enhancement will greatly broaden the application areas of the microphone array. An array crosstalk resistant adaptive noise cancellation method is therefore presented. And then an improved spectral subtraction algorithm is further cascaded to obtain better enhancement results. Theoretic analysis and experiments indicate that the proposed scheme needs only a very small microphone array while it simultaneously achieves a higher SNR improvement. Besides, the proposed scheme can be used in many noisy environments and is easy for real-time implementation.