In-Phase Wavelength Conversion Based On Cross-Gain Modulation in Semiconductor Optical Amplifier

In-phase wavelength conversion based on cross-gain modulation in a semiconductor optical amplifier biased around critical threshold current has been demonstrated. The converted signal and the pump signal have the same bit sequence 1101011000. The stimulated emission competition between the amplification of input signals and the amplified spontaneous emission was used to illustrate the conversion mechanism. Experiment results showed that in-phase wavelength conversion can be achieved with simple structure and high output extinction ratio.     

Wavelength conversion by use of four-wave mixing in a novel optical loop configuration

A novel loop configuration for generation of four-wave mixing (FWM) and suppression of input pump wave, signal wave, and amplified spontaneous emission is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. The novel loop configuration is very simple and functions independently of the wavelengths of the pump and the signal waves. By use of the novel loop configuration, nonreturn-to-zero wavelength conversion at 10 Gbits/s is achieved. The FWM-to-pump ratio, the FWM-to-signal ratio, and the signal-to-noise ratio are improved by 17.9, 18.8, and 8.2 dB, respectively. A principle experiment of wavelength conversion of four simultaneous channels is demonstrated.     

Single to 16-Channel Wavelength Conversion at 10 Gb/s Based on Cross-Gain Modulation of ASE Spectrum in SOA

A simple scheme for single to multi-channel wavelength conversion based on cross-gain modulation of amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) spectrum in semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA) is described. Single to 16-channel wavelength conversion at 10 Gb/s is first demonstrated without any additional probe lights, the modulation information carried by input signal could be converted into arbitrary many channels if only the demultiplexer with enough channels is exploited. Output performance and pattern effects are investigated experimentally.     

周期域反转铌酸锂可调谐波长转换器的皮秒脉冲实验

实验研究了周期域反转铌酸锂光波导级联和频与差频二阶非线性效应(cSFG/DFG)皮秒脉冲间的可调谐波长转换。信号光采用重复频率为40 GHz,脉宽为1.57 ps的脉冲信号。当输入信号光和第一个控制光波长分别为1554.4 nm和1532.5 nm时,通过调节第二个控制光波长由1550.5 nm到1541.0 nm,输出信号光波长可从1536.0 nm调谐至1545.2 nm。当输入信号光波长改变时,通过改变第一个控制光波长以满足和频过程的准相位匹配条件,同时调节第二个控制光波长可以实现输出信号光波长的可调谐。实验中利用两个窄带可调谐滤波器有效抑制了掺铒光纤放大器引入的放大自发辐射噪声,同时观察到了波长下转换和波长上转换。     

基于半导体光放大器平行双抽运对OFDM光信号进行全光波长变换性能研究

研究了基于半导体光放大器平行双抽运对光正交频分复用信号进行全光波长变换的系统.信号光源经2Gb/s电信号直接调制后再和双抽运光耦合,经半导体光放大器后,由于四波混频效应而产生新的波长的信号光.实验结果显示,经半导体光放大器四波混频效应后,产生新的波长的信号光将携带OFDM信号且偏振不敏感,转换效率与双抽运光之间的波长间隔,抽运与信号光波长间距,信号光与泵浦光之间的偏振夹角等有关.同时也测量了转换的OFDM信号的功率-误码曲线和接收星座图.     

基于半导体光放大器和整形滤波器的40 Gb/s的归零正码波长变换研究

理论上分析了通过整形滤波器方法实现正码波长变换的原理,并讨论了滤波器带宽及偏移方向对正码脉冲效果的影响,解释了目前实验报道中多采用蓝移滤波方案的技术根由。在实验上利用半导体光放大器(SOA)和通带滤波器完成了40Gb/s的归零码波长变换实验,验证了理论分析的结构,证明了整形滤波器加半导体光放大器的方案可以实现正码的波长变换。这对于简化网络的设计,提高信号传输质量都有重要的意义。     

基于半导体光放大器平行双抽运对OFDM光信号进行全光波长变换性能研究

研究了基于半导体光放大器平行双抽运对光正交频分复用信号进行全光波长变换的系统.信号光源经2Gb/s电信号直接调制后再和双抽运光耦合,经半导体光放大器后,由于四波混频效应而产生新的波长的信号光.实验结果显示,经半导体光放大器四波混频效应后,产生新的波长的信号光将携带OFDM信号且偏振不敏感,转换效率与双抽运光之间的波长间隔,抽运与信号光波长间距,信号光与泵浦光之间的偏振夹角等有关.同时也测量了转换的OFDM信号的功率-误码曲线和接收星座图.     

利用NOLM实现连续光到归零码脉冲和波长的同时变换

利用非线性光学环路镜成功地实现了连续光到超短光脉冲和波长的同时变换.最大波长变换间距大于35nm.实验系统中采用增益开关分布反馈半导体激光器(GSDFB-LD)产生的超短光脉冲作为控制光,采用波长可调半导体激光器作为信号光.在变换过程中在1.55μm附近首次观测到了波长的反相变换.当信号光和控制光脉冲走离大于40.7ps时,变换信号脉冲发生畸变,变换脉冲展宽.     

半导体激光器实现波长转换的理论模型分析

作为自动交换光网络中的核心器件，全光波长转换器的研究是目前的热点。提出了基于半导体激光器实现波长转换的理论模型，采用小信号分析方法，利用速率方程求解了波长转换的频率调制响应特性。并初步研究了不同半导体激光器工作电流、码速、输入信号光功率、增益吸收系数条件对波长转换性能的影响。这对于优化基于半导体激光器的全光波长转换器有一定的参考价值。     

基于光纤中SRS效应的全光波长转换

提出利用光纤中非线性效应受激喇曼散射（stimulated Raman scattering, SRS）实现波长转换的原理方案和相应的理论分析模型,并进行实验验证,将经过放大后的信号光和连续探测光同时注入光纤,在光纤中进行SRS放大,实现信号之间的转换。结果表明:利用SRS可实现波长转换,可实现跨几个THz的波长之间的转换。得到最大转换效率和消光比分别为-17.3 dB和15.7 dB。通过改变探测光的波长,可实现相隔几个THz光信号的全光波长转换和可调谐波长转换。     

单到单和单到双信道皮秒脉冲全光波长转换的实验研究

基于周期极化反转铌酸锂（PPLN）光波导级联倍频和差频（SHG+DFG）的二阶非线性效应,提出并实验研究了皮秒脉冲的可调谐波长转换以及单信道到双信道的波长转换.信号光采用重复频率为40 GHz,脉宽为1.57 ps的脉冲信号.连续抽运光由光纤环形腔激光器（FRL）提供.不同于传统的SHG+DFG型波长转换,信号光固定在PPLN光波导倍频过程的准相位匹配（QPM）波长处,通过调节抽运光的波长实现了转换空闲光的可调谐输出.当使用两个抽运光时实验观察到了单信道到双信道的波长转换.     

Tunable wavelength conversion of picosecond pulses based on cascaded sum- and difference-frequency generation in quasi-phase-matched LiNbO3 waveguides

Tunable wavelength conversion for picosecond pulses is proposed and demonstrated exploiting cascaded sum- and difference-frequency generation in quasi-phase-matched LiNbO₃ waveguides. The influences of initial pulse widths and injected pulse powers on the conversion efficiency and converted pulse width are theoretically analyzed. Arbitrarily tunable wavelength conversion is performed for the signal pulse with the temporal width of 1.57 ps and repetition rate of 40 GHz. Approximately −18.9 dB conversion efficiency and 25 nm variable region of the input signal are achieved under the lower launched signal power. The results imply that simultaneous wavelength conversion and pulse compression can be potentially obtained by using the pulsed control wave or designing longer waveguides.     

利用非线性光学环路镜实现多个波长的同时变换

利用非线性光不路镜（ＮＯＬＭ）成功地实现了多个波长的同时变换,最大波长变换间距大于２５ｎｍ。实验系统中采用增益开关分布反馈半导体激光器（ＧＳ ＤＦＢ－ＬＤ）产生的超短光脉冲作为控制光,频谱分割法得到多波长激光作为信号光。改变控制光的输入功率或非线性光学环路镜中的偏振控制器的偏振方向能够改变不同变换波长信号的性能。     

基于半导体激光器的全光波长转换的理论研究

全光波长转换是全光网络的关键技术之一。利用多模半导体激光器的速率方程,建立了基于半导体激光器的全光波长转换器的理论模型,该模型不仅考虑了注入信号光对激光腔内载流子的消耗,而且考虑了激光腔对注入信号光的放大作用。利用该模型分析了半导体激光器工作电流、注入信号光功率以及码率各参数对波长转换特性的影响。结果对于确定基于半导体激光器的全光波长转换器件的最佳工作条件有一定的参考价值。     

High Speed Signal Wavelength Conversion Using Stimulated Raman Effect in Ultrasmall Silicon-on-Insulator Optical Waveguides

We propose the high speed signal wavelength conversion based on stimulated Raman effect on silicon waveguides. Simulation results of non-return-to-zero （NRZ） pseudorandom bit sequence （2^7-1 code） at 500-Gb/s rate of conversion in an ultrasmall silicon-on-insulator （SOI） optical waveguide are presented by co-propagating pump optical field. The most attractive issue is that the inverted converted signal can be obtained at the same wavelength as that of primary signal. In addition, the conversion performances, including extinction ratio （ER） and average peak power of conversion signal, depend strongly on the launching pump intensity.     

Erbium doped fiber ring laser for optical wavelength conversion

We experimentally investigate the gain saturation effect of a piece of 8 m long Erbium doped fiber (EDF), we introduce a theoretical model for the EDF ring loop, and our simulation results show very good cross-gain modulation (XGM) and wavelength conversion. We also experimentally investigate the XGM in an EDF ring loop system. Based on the study of the XGM in the EDF ring loop system, a wavelength conversion is designed with the EDF ring loop system. The EDF ring loop systems as a wavelength conversion is experimentally demonstrated by converting a sinusoidal modulated optical signal at wavelength of 1551 nm to an optical signal at wavelength of 1553.3 nm.     

Simultaneous four channel wavelength conversion of 50Gbps CSRZ–DPSK signals in S and C bands using HNLF without additional pump signals

Optical wavelength conversion is expected to be an important technique for future advanced dense wavelength division multiplexing systems. It enhances wavelength routing capabilities, improves network reconfigurability and eliminating the problem associated with wavelength reuse in network. Here, simultaneous 50Gbps four channel wavelength conversion is established in S and C bands of ITU grid using four wave mixing (FWM) technique in high nonlinear fiber (HNLF) without additional pump signals. Since the four channel wavelength conversion is to be performed, the frequency spacing between the pairs of signal in S and C bands should be maintained in order to avoid the signal degradation by the effect of higher order FWM. Thereby the best frequency spacing between the pairs of signals in S and C bands is estimated to maintain good BER over the wavelength converted signals of both bands. So the selected frequency spacing between the pairs fulfills the freedom of selecting any frequency spacing within a pair of wavelengths in S and C band signals. It is also shown that CSRZ–DPSK modulated input signal enhances the BER of wavelength converted signals over the RZ–DPSK. In addition to this, uniform wavelength conversion over a wide bandwidth with a reduced length of HNLF is achieved and also the best power range is estimated to obtain good conversion efficiency.     

Conversion wavelength and power dependence of an optical delay system utilizing HNLFs and DCF

Conversion wavelength and power dependence of the time delay and output signal quality for an optical delay system consisting of dispersion compensation fiber (DCF) and highly nonlinear fibers (HNLFs) is investigated in this paper. The numerical results show that the time delay generally varies linearly with the conversion wavelength propagating through DCF and changes slightly with the power launched into HNLFs. But it has abrupt change at some values of conversion wavelength or input power level. Output signal quality of the overall system varies significantly with the conversion wavelength and input power level. The reasons behind these results are analyzed. Finally, the input power level is optimized to achieve linearly varying time delay and desirable output signal quality for an optical delay system.     

Widely tunable all-optical wavelength converter based on four-wave mixing using two orthogonally polarized pumps

The principle of broad-band orthogonal-pump (BOP) four-wave mixing in semiconductor optical amplifiers is analyzed in theory. The conversion efficiency reduces rapidly as the detuning of wavelength between the signal and pump increase which can be solved by introducing a BOP method. The constant conversion efficiency and signal-to-noise ratio are obtained over a large wavelength detuning range. The wavelength conversion efficiency with variation smaller than 3.88 dB over 52-nm range has been experimentally demonstrated by using BOP, with the 10-GHz output of distributed feedback/electro-absorption modulator as signal. Conventional single-pump scheme is also performed for comparison and the experimental results fit well with the theory.     

基于半导体光放大器四波混频效应的多种调制格式的波长转换实验

实验报道了利用半导体光放大器(SOA)的四波混频(FWM)效应实现多种码型的波长转换.其中对于非归零(NRZ)信号实现了从单信道到三信道的多波长转换.调制速率从10 Gb/s到40 Gb/s均实现多波长转换.对于归零(RZ)信号分别实现了20 Gb/s和40 Gb/s的RZ格式的波长转换和40 Gb/s的载波抑制归零(CSRZ)格式的波长转换,利用光纤布拉格光栅(FBG)作为带陷滤波器消除共轭光和抽运光之间的串扰.对于非归零差分相移键控(NRZ_DPSK)信号分别实现了20 Gb/s和40 Gb/s的波长转换,利用实验室自制的光纤延时干涉仪进行NRZ-DPSK信号的解调.基于FWM效应的转换光的输出消光比大于7 dB,转换后消光比退化约为3 dB.