基于非本征Fabry-Perot腔光纤液位传感器研究

介绍了适用于液位测量的强度型非本征法布里-珀罗（F-P）腔光纤液位传感器的结构设计及其性能.实验观察到F-P腔具有良好的多周期输出特性和局部的线性特性,选用局部的1/4周期输出线性段作为线性工作区间可对液位进行高准确度、连续性测量.恰当选择敏感组件的尺寸可设计不同量程的传感器.实验结果表明,传感器测量3.5 m水位时,精确度为±2 mm,最小分辨率为1 mm.     

温度效应对F-P腔光纤液位传感器系统的影响及自补偿

分析了温度效应对F-P腔光纤液位传感器系统的影响,提出相应的解决方案以实现对温度效应的自补偿.在26℃-28℃环境温度条件下,实验结果表明,在1.87 m（水）量程内经过优化的传感系统参考光动态稳定性可达到0.059 9%,准确度误差为1.122 mm.自补偿措施对获得高准确度、长期稳定性的光纤液位传感器具有重要意义.     

基于光学相关的光纤法布里-珀罗传感器解调仪

针对当前光纤法布里-珀罗(F-P)传感器解调仪存在的结构复杂和成本较高等问题,提出一种基于光学相关原理的新型解调方案.采用平板玻璃作为光学互相关器,利用平板玻璃与F-P腔的互相关关系解调出光纤F-P传感器的腔长.建立仿真模型对解调光路进行优化设计,搭建了结构简单的单模光纤F-P传感器解调仪,该仪器仅由宽谱光源、平板玻璃、线阵CCD、柱面镜和单模光纤搭建而成.实验结果表明,腔长解调分辨率达到0.72 nm.该解调仪在光纤测井、液位测量和结构健康监测等领域中的温度、压力和位移测量中有着广阔的应用前景.     

非本征敏感法布里-珀罗腔高精度光纤液位传感器输出特性

依据光学法布里珀罗(F-P)腔基本原理,分析了非本征敏感法布里珀罗腔光纤液位传感器工作原理及设计方案。实验结果表明,传感器具有良好的多周期输出特性和局部的线性特性,但法布里珀罗腔输出光强幅度随腔长增大逐渐衰减,传感器输出特性曲线中不同部分相同长度的线性工作区间却对应不同的测量量程和灵敏度。改变传感头中敏感组件的尺寸可满足对不同液位测量的需要。本传感器最大量程为20 m,精度为±0.5 mm,最小分辨力为0.3 mm。传感器特别适用于对易燃易爆液位精确测量,具有很强的实用性。     

带微通道的新型光纤法布里-珀罗折射率传感器

报道了一种新型结构的光纤法布里-珀罗(F-P)折射率传感器。使用腐蚀工艺在切割好的掺铒光纤端面制作一个封闭的微槽,然后与一段单模光纤熔接形成封闭的F-P腔。腐蚀产生的微槽底部是一个凹谷,靠近凹谷切割并研磨产生一个微通道,同时光束也能够返回并不损坏F-P干涉仪,利用毛细作用液体可进入F-P腔。根据F-P干涉原理,传感头反射光谱的波谷波长与腔内折射率成线性关系。实验表明当折射率在1.3333～1.3899内变化时,线性度为0.9996,灵敏度为1068 nm/RIU(refractive index unit)。该传感器为全光纤结构,具有体积小、结构稳定、精度高、耐腐蚀等特点,适用于液体和气体折射率的微型化测量。     

一种基于光纤光栅法布里-珀罗腔的低频振动传感器

提出了一种基于光纤光栅法布里-珀罗(F-P)腔的低频振动传感方案并进行了理论分析和实验研究。采用单频激光器作为光源,光纤光栅F-P腔通过两点涂胶方式粘接在等强度悬臂梁上,待测振动信号通过支架和悬臂梁将振动作用传至光纤光栅F-P腔,引起腔长周期性变化,从而改变光纤光栅F-P腔的反射光谱特性,通过解调输出光信号的振荡频率和峰值,即可实现对振动信号频率和幅值的测量。利用压电陶瓷模拟的低频振动信号进行了实验验证,测量结果与理论分析相吻合。该传感器测量灵敏度高,特别适用于微弱振动信号的测量。     

基于游标效应增敏的全光纤液体折射率传感器

为了实现液体折射率的高灵敏度测量,提出并制备了一种基于游标效应增敏的全光纤液体折射率传感器.该传感器由法布里-珀罗传感腔和法布里-珀罗参考腔并联构成,其中,传感腔为开放腔,由单模光纤错位熔接制得,参考腔为封闭腔,由单模光纤与空芯光纤熔接制得.传感腔和参考腔的自由光谱范围相近,但不相等,双腔反射光经光纤耦合器后叠加产生游标效应,达到增敏的效果.实验结果表明,该传感器的折射率灵敏度约为9 048.78nm/RIU,约是单个传感腔的8倍.该传感器具有灵敏度高、结构简单、易于制备、成本低廉的优点,在生物医疗、环境检测等领域有潜在的应用前景.     

一种光纤F-P声发射传感器的设计与实现

为克服压电陶瓷传感器易受电磁干扰、不能实现长期实时检测的缺点,提出了光纤非本征F-P结构测量声发射信号的思想.对光纤非本征F-P腔声发射测量原理进行分析,提出了双波长的稳定方法,并进行了结构参量的优化设计,确定了合适的反射比、波长及F-P腔长.理论分析和实验结果表明：所设计的非本征F-P光纤声发射传感器具有良好的敏感性和高分辨率.     

高灵敏度光纤应变传感器

提出一种基于锥形光纤和光纤F-P腔组合结构的光纤应变传感器。该传感器包含单模光纤拉锥形成的锥区和石英毛细管构建的F-P腔2个应变敏感区域。理论分析了光波在该传感器中的传播过程,获得了该传感器的光强传输函数。由于锥形光纤中激发出的包层高阶模参与干涉,导致传感器干涉光谱具有调制特性。实验获得了该传感器的干涉光谱,通过分析谐振波长偏移或消光比变化对应变实现独立测量,在0~500 με的测量范围内,该传感器的应变灵敏度为14.6 pm/με。利用锥形光纤引发的模式干涉和F-P腔的双光束干涉效应共同作用形成受调制的干涉谱型进行应变传感,应变灵敏度高,同时具备2种独立的应变检测手段(谐振波长和消光比检测)。     

温度对光纤法-珀液位传感器腔深度的影响与补偿

在深入研究温度对光纤法-珀液位传感器腔深度影响的基础上,提出一种特别的腔结构设计,可以几乎完全补偿温度对F-P腔深度影响,使得腔的温度稳定性很好.这种压力式全光型光纤液位传感器的安装非常方便,特别适合于对已有的装载易燃易爆物质的大型油罐、储液罐等进行自动化监测与管理,也适合于一般工业生产与生活中液位的精密监控.     

Design and operation of an evanescent optical fiber sensor

Design and operation of an optical fiber sensor based on the intensity modulation is reported in this article. Two distinct mechanisms are considered for the optical power loss and the sensor operation is explained in terms of these effects. The dominant loss mechanism is found to be the evanescent loss and based on this phenomenon the optical fiber sensor is designed. Performance of this sensor is tested as a liquid level sensor for water and the experimental results are reported. The dry and wet signals for this probe are measured for a series of measurements and important factors concerning the design and operation of sensor are described. The precision of measured values, reproducibility of the results, and the stability of sensing operation as a function of time are reported. Variation of the output reading of the sensor system for different launching power is also investigated. The output signal of an optical fiber sensor in general is nonlinear, but both the signal difference (dry minus wet) and diff/dry signal ratio for the reported sensor show linear dependence with the launching power at intensities below threshold. The reported results are promising and verify the successful operation of such a device as an on/off level switch and also as a liquid level sensor.     

基于光纤形状改变实现的液位传感器实验

利用光纤自身形状的变化制作的传感器是一种新型液位传感器.本文介绍了光纤液位传感器的实验原理、光纤尖的制作方法,并利用光纤液位传感器实验系统测量了光纤尖在空气、甘油、酒精和水中不同位置的反射光功率.     

触点式光纤液位传感器传感头的制作及其应用

具体描述了触点式光纤传感头的制作过程和工作原理。对传感头的微观形状与反射率的关系进行了实验研究。应用这种传感头设计了一种光纤闭环液位控制系统。应用该传感头设计的光纤液位闭环控制系统已经在实验室运行近一年 ,取得了良好的效果。由于该控制系统是本征安全型的 ,因此适用于一切易燃、易爆的恶劣环境 ,如石油、化工等领域。     

Design and operation of a fiber optic sensor for liquid level detection

Design and construction of an optical fiber sensor for liquid level detection are reported. This sensor operates based on light intensity modulation, and such modulation results from alteration of total internal reflection into partial reflection at the interface. The modulated intensity has been measured by using a pair of fibers, one transmitting source light, another acting as receiving fiber, and a glass prism providing the total and partial reflections. During the level measurements, when a liquid in a vessel touches the 45° faces of the 45-90-45° prism, the total internal reflection is disturbed, and the reflected light is modulated. The performance of this sensor is tested with different source lights including a light emitting diode (LED), a diode laser, and a He–Ne laser. Extinction ratio has been measured for different liquids, and compared. This ratio for water using LED source is about 0.03, for diode laser is 0.006 and for He–Ne laser is 0.003. Although this device was tested as a liquid level sensor, but the distinct results obtained for samples with different index of refractions demonstrate that the reported sensor can also be used as a liquid refractometer.     

基于无芯光纤强度调制型液位传感器的设计与性能

利用强度调制型光纤传感器容易解调的优势,提出了一种强度调制型光纤液位传感器.传感器由三根无芯光纤组成,其中,无芯光纤1与无芯光纤2串联构成测量臂,无芯光纤3构成参考臂.仿真分析得出,无芯光纤长度每缩短1mm,透射峰波长增加25.46nm.在0~50mm小液位范围内,实验测得传感器在水、5%NaCl、10%NaCl和15%NaCl水溶液四种液体环境中的液位灵敏度分别为0.069 5dB/mm、0.074 73dB/mm、0.077 49dB/mm及0.082 71dB/mm,线性度分别为0.998 25、0.998 49、0.988 11及0.995 13,线性度较高.该传感器可较好地消除光源光功率波动与环境温度变化带来的影响,重复性较好,在石油化工领域有一定的应用潜力.     

Fiber-optic sensor for liquid level measurement

A novel (to the best of our knowledge) liquid level sensor based on multimode interference (MMI) effects is proposed and demonstrated. By using a multimode fiber (MMF) without cladding, known as no-core fiber, liquids around the MMF modify the self-imaging properties of the MMI device and the liquid level can be detected. We show that the sensor exhibits a highly linear response with the sensing range and multiplexed operations easily controlled by just modifying the length of the no-core fiber. At the same time, we can measure the refractive index of the liquid based on the maximum peak wavelength shift. We can also use the sensor for continuous and discrete liquid level sensing applications, thus providing a liquid level sensor that is inexpensive with a very simple fabrication process.     

干涉条纹计数法光纤Fabry-Perot腔液位传感器

提出一种抗光源波动和外界干扰的条纹计数法光纤Fabry-Perot腔干涉型液位传感器.为适应这种条纹计数法对应变大挠度的要求,采用波纹管作应力弹性元件;对干涉条纹走向(或液位升降判向),分别提出实用的硬件设计方案和计算机软件处理办法;给出一种腔长温度补偿设计;实际制作了双光路光纤Fabry-Perot腔液位传感器,进行了实际气压模拟试验和实际水位测量试验,取得了良好结果.     

Luminescence-Based Optical Fiber Chemical Sensors

Abstract

A scheme for the simultaneous determination of temperature and analyte concentration for application in luminescence-based chemical sensors is proposed. This scheme is applied to an optical oxygen sensor, which is based on the quenching of the fluorescence of a ruthenium complex. Temperature measurement is performed using the excitation radiation and an absorption long-pass filter. Preliminary results are presented that show the viability of an oxygen measurement that is independent of temperature and optical power level. The possibility of self-referenced temperature measurements with semiconductor nanoparticles is also investigated. In order to optimize the sensor design, several different optical fiber probe geometries for oxygen sensing are tested and compared, including different methods of coupling radiation into the optical fiber system. Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and polyacrylamide membranes are tested as supports for sensor immobilization in fiber-optical pH sensing devices in aqueous solution. Some results are presented that show the feasibility of using fiber-optical pH indicators for remote monitoring.     

Luminescence-Based Optical Fiber Chemical Sensors

A scheme for the simultaneous determination of temperature and analyte concentration for application in luminescence-based chemical sensors is proposed. This scheme is applied to an optical oxygen sensor, which is based on the quenching of the fluorescence of a ruthenium complex. Temperature measurement is performed using the excitation radiation and an absorption long-pass filter. Preliminary results are presented that show the viability of an oxygen measurement that is independent of temperature and optical power level. The possibility of self-referenced temperature measurements with semiconductor nanoparticles is also investigated. In order to optimize the sensor design, several different optical fiber probe geometries for oxygen sensing are tested and compared, including different methods of coupling radiation into the optical fiber system. Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and polyacrylamide membranes are tested as supports for sensor immobilization in fiber-optical pH sensing devices in aqueous solution. Some results are presented that show the feasibility of using fiber-optical pH indicators for remote monitoring.     

粒子加速器丝线位置测量电容传感器标定方法北大核心CSCD

在高能同步辐射光源中,为了提高磁铁的准直精度,采用磁中心代替机械中心进行磁铁标定,通过振动线或旋转线等技术获得磁铁的磁中心位置,以及通过电容式位移传感器测量得到丝线的位置,从而实现磁中心与准直靶标的关联。为了实现丝线位置的高精度测量,必须对电容传感器进行精确标定,因此介绍了一种电容式位移传感器,并对其标定方法进行了研究,提出了网格化的数据采集方式以及高阶多项式拟合的数据处理方法,搭建了传感器标定平台并开发了相应的标定控制程序,实现了对传感器的自动控制、数据采集和高精度标定过程。经过分析与对比,标定后的电容传感器达到μm级的位移测量精度,为磁铁的高精度准直提供了基础。