多点时序MCG数据的处理和利用

在简易磁屏蔽室中,用单通道的高温超导 rf SQUID梯度计构成心磁图(MCG)测量系统,依照MCG测定部位的约定,测得数例成人胸前多点MCG.不计心动周期随时间的变化,用数据分析软件对这些MCG数据进行分析处理, 得到包括了空间信息、可直观展示心脏电磁活动的二维心磁图谱(例如等磁图、时序等磁图、电流箭头图和时序电流箭头图等).     

等效电流偶极子(ECD)模型在MCG场源定位中的应用

等效电流偶极子(ECD)模型具有简要明确性，已经在心磁图(MCG)的逆问题中，如确定WPW综合症、心脏异常搏动根源、心律失常等方面，得到广泛应用．在多通道体表电势图(BSPM)的测量中也应用ECD．本文讨论用ECD的定位方法，临床研究仿真对ECD获得结果的描述，造影与动物研究和体导体模型的影响．     

用于心磁图测量的基于高温超导量子干涉仪磁强计的有源补偿

我们建立了一套基于高温超导量子干涉仪(SQUID)的可靠的、经济型的单通道心磁图(MCG)系统,该系统在一个简易的磁屏蔽室(MSR)中运行.实验结果表明,对于消除心磁测量中的环境噪声,简易磁屏蔽室和有源补偿相结合是一个很合适的方案,这种方案对心磁图的普及有实际的帮助.同时,本文给出了一个有源补偿的简单模型,并将计算结果与实验数据进行了比较.     

基于心磁信号的心脏电流偶极子阵列成像及相关性质的研究

超导量子干涉器（SQUID）能探测到微弱的心脏磁场信号. 通过对所得的心磁信号进行分析,可为许多心脏疾病的诊断提供依据. 利用心磁信号,采用极小范数最小二乘法（MNLS）对心脏的电流偶极子阵列进行重建,从而实现了对心脏内部等效电流源的成像. 在使用MNLS进行电流偶极子阵列反演重建的过程中,反演所需的心磁信号,分别由单电流偶极子和电流多极子作为激发源模拟得到,以及由SQUID实际测量得到. 同时,对不同心磁信号反演得到的电流偶极子的分布规律进行了分析. 此外,还给模拟的人体外心磁信号施加了均匀噪声和随机噪声,研究不同信噪比的均匀噪声和随机噪声对电流偶极子阵列重建的影响.     

基于心磁信号的心脏电流偶极子阵列成像及相关性质的研究

超导量子干涉器（SQUID）能探测到微弱的心脏磁场信号. 通过对所得的心磁信号进行分析,可为许多心脏疾病的诊断提供依据. 利用心磁信号,采用极小范数最小二乘法（MNLS）对心脏的电流偶极子阵列进行重建,从而实现了对心脏内部等效电流源的成像. 在使用MNLS进行电流偶极子阵列反演重建的过程中,反演所需的心磁信号,分别由单电流偶极子和电流多极子作为激发源模拟得到,以及由SQUID实际测量得到. 同时,对不同心磁信号反演得到的电流偶极子的分布规律进行了分析. 此外,还给模拟的人体外心磁信号施加了均匀噪声和随机噪声,研究不同信噪比的均匀噪声和随机噪声对电流偶极子阵列重建的影响. 关键词： 心磁信号 超导量子干涉器 电流偶极子阵列重建 极小范数最小二乘法     

射频SQUID心磁图数据自适应滤波研究

研究了滤除50Hz工频干扰的几种自适应算法，并应用于射频超导量子干涉仪（SQUID）心 磁图仪采集的心磁数据50Hz滤波中.对算法的性能进行了计算机仿真比较.结果表明，带50 Hz干扰的SQUID心磁信号通过自适应噪声对消法，干扰得到了很好的抑制. 关键词： SQUID 心磁图 自适应滤波 噪声消除     

实用高温超导MCG系统研究

本文研究了一种自建的低成本简易磁屏蔽室及其操控条件，提出了能被高温超导rf SQUID仪器所接受的简易磁屏蔽室，并且运用由该磁屏蔽室和rf SQUID梯度计所构成的组合系统测量了微弱的生物磁信号．研究结果表明，该磁屏蔽室能够有效降低电磁干扰，确保SQUID长时稳定工作，基于该磁屏蔽室的复合MCG测量系统具备捕捉微弱生物磁信号的能力，且所得信号具有可接受的信噪比．这将使得开发一种低造价的实用高温超导MCG测量系统成为现实．     

多腔体心脏磁场模型的研究与应用

利用核磁共振图像(MRI)中提取的人体和心脏边界,根据边界元方法(BEM)建立了一个考虑左、右心房和心室的多腔体心脏磁场模型.分析了用该模型得到的36通道心脏磁场数据和特定时刻的磁场图.并在此基础上,研究了完全性右束支传导阻滞(CRBBB)和完全性左束支传导阻滞(CLBBB)病人ST-T段的心脏电活动.结果显示,用移动单电流偶极子模拟的单束支电兴奋传导所产生的磁场图与用超导量子干涉器(SQUID)测量的CRBBB/CLBBB病人数据绘制的心脏复极时的心磁图(MCG)十分相似.结果表明,该多腔体心脏BEM模型可用于CLBBB/CRBBB病人心脏磁场逆问题的研究.此外,文中给出了两个评价指标:测量平面上多腔体与单腔体的心脏磁场强度极大值之比,以及两种模型的36个测量点上磁场强度均方根之比.分析表明,多腔体心脏模型更贴近人体心脏的实际情况.该模型中心脏组织电导率参数的取值,以及等效电流偶极子的位置和个数决定了磁场的强度和分布.     

基于贪婪稀疏方法的心脏磁场源重构

心脏磁场源重构, 即通过人体胸腔表面的磁场阵列测量信号反演产生该磁场的电流源分布, 是一种无创地研究心脏电活动的方法. 本文用线性化方程描述测量磁场与心脏内部电流源的关系, 并通过一种贪婪优化的方法得到了源重构的稀疏解. 通过近似正交化过程和改变迭代算法中原子的选择方式, 降低了优化算法的复杂度, 可在保证源重构精度的情况下, 快速搜索源空间中强度比较大的位置. 文中通过一组正常人的心磁测量数据, 说明了源重构方法的有效性. 这组数据的研究结果表明, 强度大于65%的重构电流源的空间移动轨迹与心脏除极和复极电活动的传导过程基本符合. 其QRS 和ST-T 段的实测心磁图与重构电流源产生的磁场图的平均拟合优度分别为99.36%和99.78%. 关键词： 心磁图 逆问题 稀疏解 正交匹配追踪     

基于NEPTUNE3D开展的脉冲功率装置汇流区三维PIC数值模拟

大型脉冲功率装置真空汇流区的电子输运过程对于电流汇聚有重要的影响，在高性能计算集群的帮助下，使用NEPTUNE3D软件开展三维全电磁PIC模拟进行了研究，模拟区域（34 cm×34 cm×18 cm）包括双层柱-孔盘旋（DPHC）结构和部分内、外磁绝缘传输线等关键位置。计算结果清晰地展示了零磁位区分布和电子输运轨迹，电子主要由外磁绝缘传输线阴极表面发射，在洛伦兹力作用下向中心漂移并损失在零磁位区处；对电子能量沉积的统计结果表明，受电子流轰击最严重的位置在DPHC结构下层阳极柱表面，来自大型脉冲功率装置的实验结果证实了上述结论。根据计算结果，最大电流损失率（437 kA，27%）发生在电流传输的早期时刻（～15 ns），而电流峰值时刻损失率则仅有0.48%，此时磁绝缘已完全生效，表明DPHC结构在峰值电流的汇聚与传输上有很高的效率。     

Theoretical analysis and simulation of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO system in lidar

A multi-conjugate adaptive optics （MCAO） can offer a possibility of widening field of view （FOV） characterized by the isoplanatic angle, and the choose of conjugate height becomes a basic problem for MCAO, which influences the size of iosplanatic angle. Considering the application of lidar, the isoplanatic angle＇s expressions of two deformable mirrors （DMs） MCAO for uplink and downlink are deduced. The effects of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO are thoughtfully discussed, and the isoplanatic angles are further analyzed. The results show that the isopanatic angle varies with the conjugate height and reaches the maximum as the conjugate height is at the optimal altitude. Moreover, the optimal conjugate height changes with the propagation distance.     

Quick single-photon detector with many avalanche photo diodes working on the time division

Due to the limit of response speed of the present single-photon detector, the code rate is still too low to come into practical use for the present quantum key distribution (QKD) system.A new idea is put up to design a quick single-photon detector.This quick single-photon detector is composed of a multi-port optic-fiber splitter and many avalanche photo diodes (APDs).Au of the ports with APDs work on the time division and cooperate with a logic discriminating and deciding unit driven by the clock signal.The operation frequency lies on the number N of ports, and can reach N times of the conventional single-photon detector.The single-photon prompt detection can come true for high repetition-rate pulses.The applying of this detector will largely raise the code rate of the QKD, and boost the commercial use.     

Characterization of PolyA and PolyC mismatches by Raman spectroscopy

A.C mismatches are studied by Raman spectral characterization of PolyA, PolyC, and their equimolar complex in solution of 0.14 mol/L Na ,pH7.0.Experimental results show that A·C mismatches occur to be A/B (mainly A) conformers, and unlike Watson-Crick base pairing, this kind of mismatches is stabilized by only one hydrogen bond involving cytosine N4H2 and adenine N7.The formation of A·C complex makes the base stacking interactions much stronger, and conformation of the backbone more ordered, which leads to obvious Raman hypochromic effect with some shifts in corresponding bands.     

Improvement of four-wave mixing-based wavelength conversion efficiency in dispersion shifted fiber by 40-GHz clock pumping

40-GHz clock modulated signal as a pump to improve the efficiency of four-wave mixing (FWM)-based wavelength conversion in a 26.5-km dispersion shifted fiber (DSF) is investigated. The experimental results demonstrate that the conjugated FWM component has higher intensity with the clock pumping than that with the continuous-wave (CW) light pumping. The improvement of FWM-based wavelength conversion efficiency is negligible when the pump power is less than Brillouin threshold. But when the pump power is greater than Brillouin threshold, the improvement becomes significant and increases with the increment of pump power. The improvement can increase up to 9 dB if pump power reaches 17 dBm.     

Multi-pulse operation of a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser

Our experimental results show that the presence of a proper amount of negative group velocity dispersion is essential to multi-pulse operation of a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser. We demonstrate that the pulse separations and the number of pulses contained within a cavity round trip are strongly dependent on the initial perturbations. The results allow us to get a better understanding on the influences of the convoluted self-phase modulation and intra-cavity dispersions on the stable multi-pulse oscillation in a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser.     

Propagation of Helmholtz-Gauss beams in weak turbulent atmosphere

Based on the Rytov approximation of light propagation in weak turbulent atmosphere,the closed-form expressions of field and average irradiance of each one of the four fundamental families of Helmholtz-Gauss (HzG)beams:cosine-Gauss beams,stationary Mathieu-Gauss beams,stationary parabolic-Gauss beams,and Bessel-Gauss beams,which are propagating in weak turbulent atmosphere,are obtained.The results show that the field and average irradiance can be written as the product of four factors:complex amplitude depending on the z-coordinate only,a Ganssian beam.a factor of complex phase perturbation induced by atmospheric turbulence,and a complex scaled version of the transverse shape of the non-diffracting beam.The effect of weak atmospheric turbulence on irradiance distribution of the HzG beam can be ignored.     

An effective method for reducing speckle noise in digital holography

An effective method for reducing the speckle noise in digital holography is proposed in this paper.Different from the methods based on classical filtering technique,it utilizes the multiple holograms which are generated by rotating the illuminating light continuously.The intensity images reconstructed by a series of holograms generated by rotating the illuminating light possess different speckle patterns.Hence by properly averaging the reconstructed intensity fields,the speckle noises can be reduced greatly.Experimental results show that the proposed method is simple and effective to reduce speckle noise in digital holography.     

Influence of purity of HfO2 on reflectance of ultraviolet multilayer

The impurities in two kinds of HfO2 materials and in their corresponding single layer thin films were determined through glow discharge mass spectrum technology and secondary ion mass spectrometry(SIMS) equipment respectively.It was found that ZrO2 was the main impurity in the two kinds of HfO2 either in the original HfO2 materials or in the electron beam deposited films.In addition,the difference of Zr content in the two kinds of HfO2 single laver films was much laxger than that of the other impurities such as Ti and Fe.which showed that it was just ZrO2 that made the difference between the optical performance of the film products including the two kinds of HfO2.With these two kinds of HfO2 and the same kind of SiO2.we deposited HfO2/SiO2 multilayer reflective coatings at the wavelength of 266 nm.Experimental results showed that the reflectances of these two mirrors were about 99.85% and 99.15% respectively,which agreed well with the designed results what were based on the optical constants obtained from the corresponding single layer thin films.     

Speech enhancement by array crosstalk resistant ANC and spectrum subtraction

Microphone array-based speech enhancement has great importance for speech communications and speech recognition. To reduce the aperture of the microphone array and to increase the effect of the speech enhancement will greatly broaden the application areas of the microphone array. An array crosstalk resistant adaptive noise cancellation method is therefore presented. And then an improved spectral subtraction algorithm is further cascaded to obtain better enhancement results. Theoretic analysis and experiments indicate that the proposed scheme needs only a very small microphone array while it simultaneously achieves a higher SNR improvement. Besides, the proposed scheme can be used in many noisy environments and is easy for real-time implementation.