飞轮蓄能发电原理及应用

本文介绍了飞轮蓄能发电的原理和飞轮蓄能发电技术的应用实例。     

太阳能化学链燃烧的固体燃料蓄能分布式系统

提出了一种中温太阳能与化学链燃烧(CLC)整合的固体燃料蓄能新方法及冷热电联产(CCHP)新系统。以DME的Co基CLC为例,探究了变工况条件下蓄能对燃料化学能梯级利用与中温太阳热品位提升的作用,揭示了系统设计工况特性及全年热力性能,并比较了有蓄能和无蓄能时各自在四季典型日的性能规律。结果表明,有蓄能时年均太阳能净发电效率可达22.4%。本研究给出了一种中低温太阳能热化学固体燃料蓄能新方法。     

压气蓄能电站的评价指标和性能分析

蓄能电站是电网调峰的有效手段。它在电网负荷低谷期间把电能转化为易于大量存储的其他形式的能量贮存起来,在电网负荷高峰期间再把贮存的能量转化为电能向电网供电。抽水蓄能电站是较为常见的一种,在国外已有近百年的发展历史。近年来我国重视了电网调峰,修建了一批抽水蓄能电站。压气蓄能(Compressed Air Energy Storage,简称CAES)是国际上正在蓬勃发展的蓄能发电新技术,它在电网负荷低谷期间用电网     

压缩空气蓄能(CAES)系统集成及性能计算

压缩空气蓄能(CAES)系统是一种新型电能存储系统,具有动态响应快、经济性能高、环境污染小等优点,可起到负荷平衡、战略规划、提高供电质量的作用。CAES系统包括空气压缩机、电动机/发电机、地下贮气室、换热器、燃烧室、燃气轮机等常用设备,可分为两个子系统,分别是蓄能子系统和发电子系统,通过对设备采取不同组态,可得到不同方案系统。本文将结合当前CAES发展的新技术,提出CAES系统的集成方案并进行相应的计算与优化。     

溶液除湿的潜能蓄能技术及其应用研究

为了克服传统蓄能技术蓄能密度小、系统复杂、不能长期储存等不足,提出了基于能量转化思想的溶液除湿潜能蓄能技术.研究表明,溶液除湿潜能蓄能具有蓄能密度大、蓄能设备简单、易于长期储存等独特的优势.与蒸发冷却技术相结合可以建立具有节能、蓄能、环保等特点的溶液除湿蒸发冷却空调系统,为太阳能等间歇性能源的制冷空调开辟新的思路。潜能蓄能是对现有蓄能技术的补充与发展创新,是一种全新的蓄能方式,有着良好的发展潜力和广泛的应用价值.     

动力型分离式热管蓄能装置的数值模拟

为了研究动力型分离式热管蓄能装置中相变材料(PCM)的蓄能和释能过程中的传热情况,进行了热管蓄能装置蓄能和释能过程的数值模拟。建立了动力型热管蓄能装置蓄能及释能过程的物理模型,采用Solidification/Melting模型对热管内部的蓄能和释能过程进行了数值模拟分析,得到了动力型分离式热管稳定运行时的温度分布和液相率分布,并探讨了蓄能和释能过程所用的时间以及PCM在各个时间节点的温度值,计算结果与实验结果的对比表明两者吻合性较好。     

超导技术在飞轮储能系统中的应用及前景

阐述了飞轮储能装置原理和超导磁悬浮理论,并设计了超导飞轮储能系统的基本结构。采用超导磁悬浮轴承技术可以解决普通的飞轮储能系统由于有机械轴承摩擦产生的能量损耗,克服普通飞轮储能的低效、储能时间短等问题。最后简要介绍了超导飞轮储能技术的发展前景。     

微胶囊相变蓄能技术研究现状与进展

微胶囊相变材料是一种新型的复合相变蓄能材料。文中介绍了微胶囊相变蓄能材料的性质,着重阐述了微胶囊相变蓄能材料的制备方法,并分析了微胶囊相变蓄能材料在工业领域的应用,总结了微胶囊相变蓄能材料的发展趋势。     

超导磁悬浮微飞轮系统设计与测试

设计了一种基于超导磁悬浮轴承的微飞轮系统样机．该微飞轮系统以超导磁悬浮轴承作为支撑机构，以平面直流无刷电机作为驱动装置，在输入电压14．4V电流0．36A时，飞轮转子在空气中最高转速可达到15000rpm．通过对采用机械轴承的飞轮系统和超导磁悬浮飞轮系统的自由降速曲线测试，求出不同轴承的摩擦损耗，并得到超导磁悬浮飞轮系...     

基于(火积)与熵产分析的最优相变温度研究

蓄能对分布式能源系统的效率有较大影响。本文对于分布式能源系统中蓄能的相变温度,分别采用熵产极值,(火积)耗散极值与广义热阻极值进行优化。结果表明,(火积)耗散极值与广义热阻极值作为优化准则所得的最优相变温度对应蓄热取热功率的极大值。此外,基于(火积)耗散分析方法,分析了二级蓄能的蓄热取热能力,结果表明二级蓄能的蓄热取热量比单级蓄能大,二级蓄能与单级蓄能蓄热量之比与冷热流体入口温度无关,仅与传热单元数有关,且当传热单元数趋于无穷大时,二级蓄能与单级蓄能的蓄热量之比趋于四分之三。     

Analysis of Energy Consumption in a Combined Microwave–hot Air Spouted Bed Drying of Biomaterial: Coffee Beans

In this study, an energy model based on the first law of thermodynamics is developed to evaluated energy efficiency and specific energy consumption. The influences of hot air temperature and initial weight of coffee beans on energy consumption are considered. Furthermore, a comparison between combined microwave–hot air spouted bed drying and hot air spouted bed drying methods on energy consumption is also investigated in detail. The results show that energy efficiency as well as energy consumption depends on hot air temperature, initial weight of coffee bean, and typical drying methods (combined microwave–hot air spouted bed and hot air spouted bed). The optimum drying condition is also achieved in this study.     

A study of scattering of neon and argon ions by polycrystalline cobalt

The effect of polymorphous transitions on the temperature dependence of the number of ions scattered in a given direction has been studied for different scattering angles.     

机械能和内能相互转换的物理实质

通过一个简单的具体问题，对内能和机械能之间的本质区别进行了解析，这对于深入理解热力学中的概念及其规律的本质是极有意义的。     

Effect of Wigner energy on the symmetry energy coefficient in nuclei

The nuclear symmetry energy coefficient(including the coefficient a_(sym)~((4)) of the I~4 term) of finite nuclei is extracted by using the differences of available experimental binding energies of isobaric nuclei.It is found that the extracted symmetry energy coefficient a_(sym)~*(A,I) decreases with increasing isospin asymmetry I,which is mainly caused by Wigner correction,since e_(sym)~* is the summation of the traditional symmetry energy e_(sym) and the Wigner energy ew.We obtain the optimal values J = 30.25±0.10 MeV,a_(ss)=56.18±1.25 MeV,a_(sym)~((4)) = 8.33±1.21 MeV and the Wigner parameter x= 2.38 ±0.12 through a polynomial fit to 2240 measured binding energies for nuclei with20 ≤ A ≤ 261 with an rms deviation of 23.42 keV.We also find that the volume symmetry coefficient J■ 30 MeV is insensitive to the value x,whereas the surface symmetry coefficient a_(ss) and the coefficient a_(sym)~((4)) are very sensitive to the value of x in the range 1≤x≤4.The contribution of the a_(sym)~((4)) term increases rapidly with increasing isospin asymmetry I.For very neutron-rich nuclei,the contribution of the a_(sym)~((4)) term will play an important role.     

弹性势能的表达式的实验验证

教材上从理论上探究了弹性势能的表达式,结合该探究过程,利用弹性势能与重力势能和动能的转换关系设计了2个验证性实验.     

Distribution of components in single crystals grown from completely mixed melts of Hg1−xCdxTe and Pb1−xSnxTe systems

Summary A method is given to calculate the maximum compositional gradient in single crystals, grown by unidirectional solidification, of binary or pseudobinary materials. The calculation is based on the data obtained from the phase diagrams. Compositional gradients of HgTe-CdTe and PbTe-SnTe systems along the growth axis are shown.     

能谱在解释湍流能量级串中值得注意的一个问题

用简单的例子说明,即使在动力学上表现为不存在的能量级串,也在能谱上表现出相当 充分的能量向高频或者低频传递的现象.这些过去都是作为能量级串的证据而被广泛接受的 .结果表明,利用能谱来分析能量级串时,一定要明确是物理因素还是非物理因素造成 的频率分布向低频或高频传递的现象,不然就会出现真假难分的情况,进而造成错误的分析 结果. 关键词： 湍流能量级串 能谱     

太阳能电池

简述了太阳能电池的原理，从材料、价格、成本、转换效率变化等方面介绍了太阳能电池的发展现状，展望太阳能电池的发展趋势。     

Technological Research of a Clean Energy Router Based on Advanced Adiabatic Compressed Air Energy Storage System

As a fundamental infrastructure of energy supply for future society, energy Internet (EI) can achieve clean energy generation, conversion, storage and consumption in a more economic and safer way. This paper demonstrates the technology principle of advanced adiabatic compressed air energy storage system (AA-CAES), as well as analysis of the technical characteristics of AA-CAES. Furthermore, we propose an overall architectural scheme of a clean energy router (CER) based on AA-CAES. The storage and mutual conversion mechanism of wind and solar power, heating, and other clean energy were designed to provide a key technological solution for the coordination and comprehensive utilization of various clean energies for the EI. Therefore, the design of the CER scheme and its efficiency were analyzed based on a thermodynamic simulation model of AA-CAES. Meanwhile, we explored the energy conversion mechanism of the CER and improved its overall efficiency. The CER based on AA-CAES proposed in this paper can provide a reference for efficient comprehensive energy utilization (CEU) (93.6%) in regions with abundant wind and solar energy sources.     

ENDF-VI库次级中子数据的能量守恒问题

在评价核数据库ENDF VI版的出射粒子能量分布数据(即文档5)中,一些核素在阈能附近的次级中子能量分布大多采用简单的近似方法描述,例如三角形分布或矩形分布.这些简单的近似描述,将导致产生散射矩阵的"双峰"现象,或使平均次级中子能量过大而产生负KERMA(ki netic energy release in materials)因子.针对这两个现象,通过细致的分析,讨论了这些现象的产生原因,并试对相关数据做一定的修正,以改善次级中子分布的能量守恒问题. In file 5 of ENDF VI, the arbitrary tabulated function (L=1) was applied to some threshold reactions of some nuclides. The energy distribution of secondary spectrum was given approximately as a triangular shape or rectangular shape at the threshold energy for some nuclides. The triangular shape distributions would cause two peaked energy distribution near the threshold energy, which must affect the group transfer matrix. The rectangular shape make the E′n too large, that may lead to...