BEPCⅡ直线加速器中的束流轨道和能量稳定性的研究

在BEPCⅡ直线加速器的调试和初期运行中, 观察到束流轨道和能量的不稳定性. 本文通过实验测量和分析研究, 说明了这些不稳定性的原因, 并叙述了解决这些不稳定性的方法和改进结果.     

Physical calculation for an X-band hybrid dielectric-iris-loaded accelerator

A small, high performance X-band hybrid dielectric-iris-loaded travelling-wave linac with the length of 1.47 m and the maximum accelerating gradient of 45 MV/m has been designed. The beam energy of 33 MeV, the energy spread of 0.5%, the beam emittance of about 5.7 πmm·mrad and the capture efficiency of 40% are reached by adjusting the sizes of the accelerating cavities and the phase velocity. The attenuation per unit length of structure, the shunt impedance Rs, the quality factor Q, the group velocity and the phase velocity are also presented.     

一种新的光束概念—无衍射光束

本文介绍了国际学术界新近提出的无衍射光束概念,对该光束的物理机制和应用前景进行了讨论。     

光束截面的能量守恒及能量衍射发散度

证明了任何一个在真空中稳态传输的单色标量光束，在忽略了瞬逝波的条件下，其光束截面能量的径向分量Ｅ及轴向定量Ｅ都与轴坐标无关，它们都为不变量，文中还进一步给出了光束能量衍射分散度的Ｘ，Ｙ分量的表达式。     

一种新型高能激光束能量分布探测器

 介绍用于探测高能激光束空间能量分布的量热器阵列探测器。这种探测器具有承受激光束能量密度高、探测面积大和能量测试误差小等特点,主要由保护板、量热器阵列的热沉积构成。也给出了探测器的标定和性能测试。该探测器为高能激光束绝对空间能量分布的测量提供了有效的诊断手断。     

Upgrading the PSI Muon Facility

A new project was initiated at PSI to replace the existing μE4 decay channel with a new beam line delivering surface/cloud beams of highest luminosities. This goal will be accomplished by installing a solenoidal lens system at the main production target E and then transporting the muons with conventional beamline elements of very big apertures to a greatly enlarged experimental floor. Several slit systems and an electrostatic separator will be available to control the beam shape and reduce the electrons and other background. Particle fluxes up to 5 × 10⁸ μ⁺/s and 10⁷ μ⁻/s can be expected at 28 MeV/c beam momentum, using the 600 MeV primary proton beam of 1.7 mA. The operation of the channel will be limited to a maximum momentum of 40 MeV/c. The beam line has been specially designed to provide highest flux to the ultra-slow μ⁺ beam (LEM). This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

用于能量标定的束流损失测量系统

为精确地测量合肥电子储存环电子束的能量,建立了一套束流损失的测量装置,选择了一款对低能光子探测效率高的塑料闪烁体探测器,根据测量到的束流损失信号研制了一套数字化的信号处理电路,并进行了实际测量。测量结果表明该束流损失测量系统能够精确、灵敏地反映出束流损失的变化,可以用于自旋共振退极化法标定电子束能量的实验;并介绍了自旋共振退极化法的测量原理及依据的理论基础。     

中能重离子束深度剂量分布计算

提出了称之为复合歧离算法的中能重离子束深度剂量分布计算方法,并计算了中能C,O离子束的Bragg相对剂量分布曲线,同实验测量结果进行了比较,计算与实验测量符合得很好.证实了复合歧离算法的合理性及由它计算Bragg曲线的可靠性.补充和完善了离子束的深度剂量分布计算原理与方法.     

1 MV紧凑型重频Marx发生器绝缘设计和数值分析

通过分析六氟化硫气体在静态高电压和脉冲高电压作用下的绝缘特性对Marx模块式开关结构和外筒尺寸进行了优化设计,着重优化设计了Marx发生器中的两个关键绝缘部位——开关腔体结构和外金属筒与顶部电容绝缘距离,并通过数值模拟计算,分析了该区域的局部3维电场强度分布。结果表明:最大场强均小于六氟化硫的沿面闪络和电击穿场强阈值。对模块式开关腔和外筒尺寸进行优化得到的绝缘结构满足0.3 MPa下六氟化硫的绝缘要求。     

Study of separated function radio frequency quadrupoles accelerator

SFRFQ (Separated Function Radio Frequency Quadrupoles) accelerator is a new post accelerator of RFQ (Radio Frequency Quadrupoles) type, which has been developed since the beginning of the 1990s at Peking University. In order to demonstrate the possibility of the SFRFQ, a prototype cavity has been designed.A special dynamics design method has been proposed to avoid the sparking problem and decrease the energy spread at the exit of SFRFQ. It consists of two aspects: the asymmetry structure design for transverse focusing and the inner buncher design for longitudinal bunching. This allows the improvement of the beam properties without increasing the cavity length. The simulation results show that the energy spread can be substantially reduced by using the inner buncher in the SFRFQ structure.     

北京慢正电子强束流运行性能测试

慢正电子强束流采用高能脉冲电子束流轰击金属钽靶, 以产生正负电子对的方式提供正电子, 作为慢正电子束流方法学研究和薄膜材料缺陷研究的束流基础. 本文是在该装置实现运行后, 对慢正电子束流的强度、能散、形貌等运行性能的测试工作的介绍, 以及慢正电子湮没多普勒测量系统的调试和标准样品的测量结果.     

Study of separated function radio frequency quadrupoles accelerator

SFRFQ （Separated Function Radio Frequency Quadrupoles） accelerator is a new post accelerator of RFQ （Radio Frequency Quadrupoles） type, which has been developed since the beginning of the 1990s at Peking University. In order to demonstrate the possibility of the SFRFQ, a prototype cavity has been designed. A special dynamics design method has been proposed to avoid the sparking problem and decrease the energy spread at the exit of SFRFQ. It consists of two aspects： the asymmetry structure design for transverse focusing and the inner buncher design for longitudinal bunching. This allows the improvement of the beam properties without increasing the cavity length. The simulation results show that the energy spread can be substantially reduced by using the inner buncher in the SFRFQ structure.     

Upgrade of beam energy measurement system at BEPC-Ⅱ

The beam energy measurement system is of great importance for both BEPC-Ⅱ accelerator and BES-III detector. The system is based on measuring the energies of Compton back-scattered photons. In order to meet the requirements of data taking and improve the measurement accuracy, the system has continued to be upgraded, which involves the updating of laser and optics subsystems, replacement of a view-port of the laser to the vacuum insertion subsystem, the use of an electric cooling system for a high purity germanium detector, and improvement of the data acquisition and processing subsystem. The upgrade system guarantees the smooth and efficient measurement of beam energy at BEPC-II and enables accurate offline energy values for further physics analysis at BES-Ⅲ.     

Elliptic flow of transported and produced protons in Au+Au collisions with the UrQMD model

Within the framework of the UrQMD model, by tracing the number of initial quarks in protons, we study the elliptic flow of protons with 3, 2, 1, 0 initial quarks and anti-protons in Au+Au collisions at SNN~(1/2)= 7.7, 11.5, 39,200 GeV. The difference of elliptic flow between protons with 2, 1, 0 initial quarks and anti-protons is smaller than 0,or consistent with 0, respectively. The difference of elliptic flow between transported protons(with 3 initial quarks)and anti-protons is larger than 0 at 7.7, 11.5 and 39 GeV. This is in good agreement with the STAR results at 7.7 and 11.5 GeV, but overestimates the STAR results at 39 GeV. The yield of transported protons with 3 initial quarks is smaller than of protons with 2 and 1 initial quarks, and v_2 of all protons is much smaller than the STAR results. The observation of the v_2 difference of elliptic flow between transported protons and anti-protons in the UrQMD model partly explains the difference between protons and anti-protons observed in the Beam Energy Scan program at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider(RHIC).     

高能激光技术进展与面临的挑战

文章分析和比较了几种高能激光器技术发展现状和面临的挑战,以及各自可能适用的范围.特别对二极管抽运固体激光器和光纤激光器的几种束相干合成方法和光束质量评价方法进行了分析和讨论.二极管抽运固体激光器和光纤激光器近十年来异军突起,被人们看作是继化学激光器后的第二代高能激光器.光纤激光器进展要比二极管抽运固体激光器滞后5到10年.对几十万瓦以上的激光器来说,在相当长的时间内仍然要靠化学激光器.     

相对论电子束流与固体相互作用的Monte-Carlo方法研究及其力学效应的计算

 文中叙述并计算了电子在合金及复合材料中的输运行为。研究了散射的角分布及能量损耗率，计算了次级电子效应，得到了电子能耗的空间分布。利用材料的热力学特性，获得了固体中压力时空变化的分布。     

Simulation studies on laser pulse stability for Dalian coherent light source

Dalian Coherent Light Source will use a 300 MeV LINAC to produce fully coherent photon pulses in the wavelength range between 150–50 nm by high gain harmonic generation free electron laser(FEL)scheme.To generate stable FEL pulses,a stringent tolerance budget is required for the LINAC output parameters,such as the mean beam energy stability,electron bunch arrival time jitter,peak current variation and the transverse beam position ofset.In order to provide guidance for the design of the Dalian Coherent Light Source,in this paper,the sensitivity of FEL pulse energy fluctuation to various error sources of the electron bunch was performed using intensive start-to-end FEL simulations.     

NSRL-200MeV直线加速器能谱分析系统的设计

 200MeV直线加速器能谱分析系统用来测量直线加速器的束流能谱，为指导直线加速器的调机和了解机器状态提供实验证据。为了克服非成像系统以及分辨率不高的缺点，在NSRL二期工程中对这个系统进行了重新设计，现已安装和调试。叙述了该系统详细的物理设计以及最新的初步实验结果。     

合肥光源电子束流能量标定的前期研究

为了在合肥储存环上利用共振退极化的方法建立一套测量电子束能量的装置, 进行了物理计算,     

宽束冷阴极离子源分时中和技术的研究

离子束辅助镀膜沉积过程中,绝缘薄膜表面的电荷积累效应严重影响了薄膜质量。通过对宽束冷阴极离子源引出栅部分的改进,采用分时引出电子和离子方法,使正负电荷中和,以消除薄膜表面的放电现象,并对引出电子束的束流密度、能量、发射角等参数进行了测试。实验结果表明：在引出电压为600V时,电子的平均能量为100eV左右;引出电子束的发射角可以达到±40°,在±15°范围内的束流密度波动小于±5%。引出电子的束流密度较同参数下的离子束流密度小,通过调节脉冲电源的占空比,可达到很好的中和效果。