非饱和黄土中椭球形扩孔问题弹塑性解析

在非饱和土统一强度准则中引入非饱和原状黄土黏聚力与基质吸力拟合公式,采用改变孔型系数k的方法并结合边界条件、平衡方程及应力协调方程,推导了排水与不排水条件下椭球形扩孔在ξ平面内的弹性区与塑性区应力-应变场、塑性区半径及极限扩孔压力的解析解,并利用MATLAB软件分析了基质吸力、强度准则和剪胀对解析解的影响.结果表明:不同排水条件下非饱和黄土有效应力均随孔型系数k及基质吸力的增大而增大;当参数r/r_p一定时,在排水条件下,有效应变随剪胀系数h及基质吸力的增大而增大,且后者的影响程度更大;在同等条件下,b=1时双剪应力强度准则下的有效应力-应变均大于b=0时的Mohr-Coulomb强度准则.     

半平面压电体的Green函数及其应用

本文研究半平面压电体在线力、电荷和位错作用下的弹性场和电场，即Green函数．基于各向异性弹性力学中的Stroh方法和解析延拓理论，推导了Green函数的封闭形式的解．作为解的应用，分析了含半无限裂纹的无限大压电介质的机电耦合场，给出了应力和电位移强度因子的解析表达式．     

薄壁压力管道的突然破裂

用数学的突变理论研究薄壁圆形管道在内部爆炸力作用下的脆性破裂问题。在弹性能量准则基础上,建立了管道壳体破裂的尖点突变模型,给出了相应的破裂临界条件。     

尖锐V型切口混凝土梁的应力强度因子研究

对含尖锐V型切口构件的破坏评估通常是利用切口应力强度因子来确定,切口应力强度因子指的是切口周围渐进线弹性应力场强度.对于含尖锐V型切口构件来说,单位切口应力强度因子的大小是由V型切口角度决定.应变能量密度准则是根据一定体积内应变能的密度是否达到临界值来判断构件断裂破坏的准则,当这个体积足够小不影响Williams方程的高阶次解时,应变能量密度准则就能通过切口应力强度因子进行表示.考虑Ⅰ型荷载条件下,分别采用平均应变能量密度准则和Carpinteri有限断裂力学方法计算V型切口应力强度因子,两者的理论取值非常接近.同时通过试验,证明两种断裂准则给出的切口应力强度因子的理论值与实验数据吻合程度较好.     

权函数法研究高速旋转厚壁筒的应力强度因子

采用厚壁筒在内压作用下的应力强度因子作为参考载荷的应力强度因子,通过权函数方法推导出了内壁带二维径向边裂纹的旋转厚壁筒的应力强度因子公式．这些公式可用于计算旋转厚壁筒在不同裂纹深度、转速、材料和尺寸情况下的应力强度因子．算例表明该文的公式具有良好的精度．同时还研究了旋转圆筒应力强度因子随裂纹深度和内外径比之间的变化规律,方便了工程应用．     

预制螺旋切槽尖端应力场研究

在研究传统切槽爆破的基础上,提出用螺旋切槽爆破方法进行土石方的松动爆破．用断裂力学理论和Westergaard方法,确定了复变应力函数,推导出螺旋切槽在准静态压力作用下的裂纹尖端平面应力、应变场．定义了螺旋切槽孔松动爆破的应力强度因子表达式,能较好地反映螺旋切槽孔的断裂力学性能,是竖直V型切槽爆破、直线裂纹等现有理论的推广．     

双重介质分形油藏渗流问题

将油井有效半径引入双重介质分形油藏渗流问题的内边界之中,从而建立了双重介质分形油藏的一种渗流模型,并在考虑了井筒储集和表皮效应的情况求得了外边界为无限大、有界封闭和有界定压三种情况下双重介质分形油藏压力分布的精确解析表达式,利用拉氏数值反演Stehfest方法分析了双重介质分形油藏压力动态特征,讨论了各种参数对压力动态的影响。     

考虑二次梯度项影响的非线性不稳定渗流问题的精确解

考虑了二次梯度项影响的非线性径向流动问题的无限大地层和有界地层渗流模型．在井底定流量和定压生产时,对无限大地层及有界地层(包括封闭和定压地层)六种情况,利用广义Weber变换和广义Hankel变换求得了实空间的解析解,分析了非线性压力解与线性压力解的差异,发现在晚时段其差异可达8%以上．因此在试井长时要考虑二次梯度项的影响．     

压电梁的多项式解（Ⅱ）——典型问题解析解

从正交各向异性压电介质平面问题,对于材料3个特征根互不相等情况下,以3个拟调和位移函数表达位移、电势、应力和电位移的通解出发,利用调和多项式的显式表达式,结合试凑法,给出了平面压电梁的若干典型问题的解析解,包括悬臂压电梁自由端作用横向集中力和点电荷,悬臂压电梁表面作用线性电势和均布载荷,以及两端简支压电梁作用均布载荷等的解析解．     

危岩主控结构面疲劳断裂寿命计算方法

危岩的破坏机理和安全性受控于危岩主控结构面．通过计算危岩主控结构面在自重、裂隙水压力及地震力作用下的Ⅰ型及Ⅱ型应力强度因子,建立了主控结构面临界长度计算方法;把主控结构面内的裂隙水压力视作交变荷载,通过计算其对主控结构面应力强度因子的贡献,遵循P-M准则运用Paris疲劳方程建立了处于临界状态条件下主控结构面的疲劳断裂寿命计算方法,并通过疲劳断裂试验确定了三峡库区万州地区典型长石石英砂岩的疲劳系数C值和m值．     

Diagnostics of residual stresses and estimation of their influence on the static strength of welded joints of pipes with different thicknesses with crack-type defects

Within the framework of the calculation-experimental method suggested by Pidstryhach and his followers, a athematical model for definition of residual stresses in the zone of circular welded joints of pipes with different thicknesses is developed. We constructed a functional to determine the residual thermoplastic strains on the basis of theoretical relations and experimental data obtained by a nondestructive (semidestructive) methods. Using the two-parametric criterion R6 of fracture mechanics and a failure assessment diagram constructed on its basis, the strength reserve coefficients of a welded joint of the main pipeline with different thicknesses under internal pressure and the presence of a surface crack in the thinner pipe wall are determined. The influence of residual stresses on the strength reserve coefficients is estimated.     

Viscoelastic behavior and durability of steel wire - reinforced polyethylene pipes under a high internal pressure

The strength tests of steel-wire-reinforced polyethylene pipe specimens showed that, under a constant internal pressure exceeding 80% of their short-term ultimate pressure, the fracture of the specimens occurred in less than 24 hours. At pressures slightly lower than this level, some specimens did not fail in a year and a half. The analytical model developed for describing the mechanical behavior of such pipes considers that polyethylene is viscoelastic and steel is elastoplastic. This allows one to evaluate their short-term strength as well as their durability under a high internal pressure. The experimental results obtained in strength tests are explained by the redistribution of stresses between the two materials of the reinforced pipe. Calculations were carried out using the MathCAD software.     

Modeling the mechanical behavior of metal-reinforced plastic pipes under internal pressure

Numerical nonlinear models for the mechanical behavior of the metal-reinforced plastic pipes (MRP) in destructive tests are developed to analyze the stress-strain state (SSS) in such pipes during loading. The influence of contact conditions at the polyethylene-steel boundary on the SSS of the metal-reinforced plastic pipes at normal temperatures is considered. A criterion of ultimate state of MRP is suggested to predict the load-carrying capacity of the pipes under internal pressure. The behavior of a welded butt joint of the MRP is studied, a stress redistribution phenomenon in the reinforcing skeleton is revealed, and the results obtained in destructive tests of butt joints are explained.Translated from Mekhanika Kompozitnykh Materialov, Vol. 41, No. 1, pp. 57–70, January–February, 2005.     

Numerical and Experimental Investigation of the Burst Resistance of Glass-Fiber Thermoplastic Composite Pipes under Internal Pressure

Mechanics of Composite Materials - Experimental tests and numerical studies were performed to investigate the burst performance of thermoplastic composite pipes (TCPs) under internal pressure. A...     

Performance characteristics of plastic pipes

Within the framework of a review of a number of articles concerned with the performance characteristics of plastic pipes, an analysis of the known methods of determining the creep strength of polyethylene pipes is presented, and the shortcomings of the usual method of testing plastic pipes under constant internal hydrostatic pressure (as applied to polyethylene pipes) are discussed. The possibility of using tensile tests on rod specimens at constant stress to determine the long-time brittle strength of polyethylene pipes is considered.Mekhanika Polimerov, Vol. 1, No. 3, pp. 120–128, 1965     

精确计算Bingham流体圆管层流压降及速度分布规律的新方法

Bingham(宾汉)模型情况下,多采用通用公式进行圆管层流压降的解析计算,即将Bingham模型本构方程代入粘性流体圆管层流流动通用公式进行计算,仅能得到压降的解析解.新方法结合Bingham流体本构方程与运动方程,建立有关力学平衡方程,并运用代数方程的根式解理论对圆管层流流动时的非线性方程进行求解,可直接求得Bingham流体圆管层流压降及速度流核区半径的解析解,进一步可求得圆管层流速度解析解;Bingham流体圆管层流速度的直接影响因素为流量、塑性粘度和屈服值,研究发现速度流核宽度与屈服值成正比,与流量及塑性粘度成反比,且流核的宽度越大,流核区的速度越小.     

Application of the Hereditary Theory of Strength in Predicting the Fatigue Failure of Composites

The possibility of application of a version of the hereditary theory of strength, which has already been approved for quasi-isotropic materials, in estimating the fatigue strength of composites is shown. For this purpose, an approximate solution is proposed, which is based on the representation of the kernel function as an expansion in terms of base tensors determining the symmetry group of a material. The simple calculation dependences obtained for the damage-tensor components facilitate the selection of an appropriate strength criterion. An example of calculating the fatigue strength of composites with different reinforcement schemes is given.     

应用变分法计算三角形截面毛管中的流动

以三角形截面管道中的流动为研究对象,在前人研究的基础上,进一步研究了牛顿流体和幂律流体在截面为三角形毛管中的流动,应用变分方法求出了毛管内速度分布的近似解,并通过对整个毛管进行积分,求出了类似泊肃叶定律的不同毛管内的流量与压差的定量关系.同时,又应用Matlab中的Pdetool工具对不同截面毛管中的层流流动进行了数值求解.变分结果、数值结果与有关文献解析解、数值解进行了对比,又进一步分析了幂律指数和截面形状对综合阻力系数、等效渗透率及流量-压差关系的影响.     

Some problems of the theory of plasticity for metals with strength differential

Within the framework of the problem of describing the plastic deformation of polycrystalline metals with strength differential, we consider problems of selection of universal constants and functions of the material that control the influence of the first and third invariants of the stress tensor. The possibility of using different types of experiments for the determination of these constants and verification of the theory is analyzed. It is shown that the traditionally used combined tension–torsion experiments on a thin-walled tube do not enable one to distinguish the influence of hydrostatic pressure and the Lode angle. The expedience of using biaxial tension and other experiments on simple and complex loading of a thin-walled tube by an axial force and internal pressure is justified.     

Application of homotopy-Padé technique in limit analysis of circular plates under arbitrary rotational symmetric loading using von-Mises yield criterion

The upper and lower bound principals of limit analysis are employed to determine the critical loading on solid circular plate with simply supported boundary conditions and subjected to any distributed loading with rotational symmetry. In this study, material behavior follows a rigid perfectly plastic model and yielding obeys the von-Mises criterion. Homotopy analysis method is employed to achieve the analytical solution to the high nonlinear ordinary differential equations governing the problem. This analytic solution has been obtained in terms of convergent series with easily computable terms. The results are verified with the Tresca yield criterion and presented as plots to show the reliability and simplicity of the method.