两个四阶奇异微分算子积的自伴性

本文在区间[a,∞)上研究由具有任意亏指数的对称常微分算式ly:=y(4)-(py′)′+qy生成的两个四阶奇型微分算子Li(i=1,2)的积L2L1的自伴性.在0∈Π(L0(l))及l2在L2[0,∞)中是部分分离的假设条件下,借助实参数解对自共轭域的描述定理,获得两个四阶微分算子乘积自伴的充要条件,同时证明若L1和L2自伴,则L=L2L1自伴的充要条件是L1=L2,其中-∞a∞,2≤d≤4,Π(L0(l))是l在L2[a,∞)中产生的最小算子L0(l)的正则型域.     

具有中间亏指数的线性哈密顿算子的点谱

本文讨论具有任意亏指数d的自伴线性哈密顿算子点谱与对应的线性哈密顿系统的平方可积解之间的关系.若对于某个实开区间中的任意点λ,系统总有d个线性无关解,则它的任何自伴算子的点谱在这个开区间上是不稠密的.     

高阶极限圆型微分算子的自伴扩张

<正> 则它称为是对称的.以下恒设 l(y)为对称的微分算式.令(?)表示 L~2[0,∞)内由 l(y)所生成的最小算子,(?)为其定义域.假定(?)的亏指数为(m,m),则知 m 必满足[(n+1)/2]≤m≤n.当 m=n 时,l(y)称为是极限圆型的(简称圆型).根据 Hilbert 空间内无界算子的一般理论,在亏指数为等值的情况     

半退化型离散哈密顿系统本质谱下方的特征值(英文)

本文给出了半退化型离散哈密顿系统强极限点型的判别准则,并且利用函数M(λ)的性质和Hilbert空间算子谱理论,得到了在相应的最小算子下界下方特征值存在个数的判别准则.     

关于空间扩张算法的注释

为了求解不可微函数的极小值,Shor引入了空间扩张算子,并依此而构造了一类沿梯度空间扩张(Space Dilation along the Gradient)算法,简记为SDG算法。本文将指出SDG算法具有二次有限终止性,同时也指出了SDG算法与共轭方向法的关系。设可以表示成由(1)式易知根据(1)式定义算子R_a(ξ)被称为沿方向ξ、系数为a的空间扩张算子。容易验证算子R_a(ξ)的矩阵表示如下:     

某类四阶非对称微分算子的同构与扩张同构

文[1]通过考虑四阶非对称微分算子Aλ:(K(i,j),‖·‖H~4)→(A_λK_(i,j),‖·‖_L~2)(诸定义见如下的一定义与问题)相应于λ的一对一性,处理了边值问题A_λy=f,y∈K_(i,j),f∈c[0,ι]相应于λ的y对于f的唯一性问题。这恰好描述了某一类飞行器飞行的平稳性状之一即飞行器不振动的情形,值得指出,由于A_λ非对称,及上述的二个空间即使在扩张意义下也不是同一个Hilbert空间,因而难以用自伴算子的技巧来处理A_λ的一对一与同构,故文[1]的结论实际上是引入F.沙特林[2]中的带算子内积(A_λy,z),并对Re(A_λy,y)y)进行先验估计而得到的。 本文将进一步处理对刻划飞行器飞行平稳性状更为重要的正则性:即边值问题A_λy=f中y与f互相连续地依赖的情形,等价地,如上的算子A_λ相应于λ为同构的情形。除了避免使用自伴算子技巧外,我们知道,文[1]中的方法也不再适用,从形式Re(A_λy,y),可以想到采用或模仿单调算子的技巧,但A_λ并不是单调算子,此外即使将算子A_λ分为实部与虚部考虑,对于某些λ成为单调算子,充其量只能得到带有扰动算子的满射性结果[3],因为无法得到使极大单调线性算子成为同构的强制性条件,故本文采用对‖A_λy‖_(L~2)进行下界估计的方法,通过较为复杂的先验估计,本文得到了使A‖A_λy‖_(L~2)2≥(?)     

奇型Sturm-Liouville微分算子的限界自伴扩张

本文给出了奇型Sturm—Liouville微分算子限界自伴扩张的充要条件,从而得 到按边值条件分类的所有限界自伴边值条件,并直接回答了奇型Sturm—Liouville问题 的最小特征值不等式中相等的边值条件.     

某类四阶非对称微分子算子的同构与扩张同构

文[1]通过考虑四阶非对称微分算子A(K(i,j),|·|H4)→(AλK(i,j),|·|L^2)(诸定义见如下的一定义与问题)相应于λ的一对一性,处理了边值问题Aλy=f,y∈K(i,j),∈c[0,l]相对于λ 的y对于 f的唯一性问题.这恰好描述了某一类飞行器飞行的平稳性状之一.即飞行器不振动的情形,值得指出,由于Aλ非对称,及上述的二个空间即使在扩张意义下也不是同一个Hilbert空间,因而难以用自伴算子的技巧 来处理Aλ的一对一与同构.故文[1]的结论实际上是引入F.沙特林[2]中的带算子内积(Aλy,z),并对Re(Aλy, y)进行先验估计而得到的.本文将进一步处理对刻划飞行器飞行平稳性状更为重要的正则性.即边值问题Aλy=f中y与f互相连续地依赖的情形,等价地,如上的算子Aλ相应于λ同构的情形.除了避免使用自伴算子技巧外,我们知道.文[1]中的方法也不再适用,从形式Re(Aλy,y),可以想到采用或模仿单调算子的技巧,但Aλ并不是单调算子,此外即使将算子Aλ分为实部与虚部考虑,对于某些 λ成为单调算子,充其量只能得到带有扰动算子的满射性结果,^[3]因为无法得到使极大单调线性算子成为同构的强制性条件,故本文采用对|Aλy|^2La进行 下界估计的方法.通过较为复杂的先验估计,本文得到了使|Aλy| 2L2≥ε^20|y|2H4成立的λ的条件,从而对于这些λ,得到了同构Aλ.(K(i,j),|·|H4)≈→ (AλK(i,j),|·|L2)及其扩张同构^∽Aλ.(─K(i,j)|·| H^4,|·|H^4)≈→(──AλK(i,j)|·|L^2,|·|L^2),更有趣的是,通过泛函分析的方法尤其是逆算子定理,上述的同构还可以转化为更为精细的同构Aλ:(K(i,j),|·|c^4)≈→(AλK(i,j),|·|c).     

具有对数函数系数的J-自伴微分算子谱是离散的充分条件

运用算子直和分解、Lidskii定理和二次型比较法,研究了一类具有对数函数系数的J-自伴微分算子谱的离散性,得到了这类J-自伴微分算子谱离散的若干充分条件.     

奇异向量微分算子的自伴域

本文在向量值函数空间中,推广应用最大算子域的直和分解法,讨论奇异向量微分算子的自伴扩张问题,给出了奇异形式对称向量微分算式一切自伴扩张域的完全描述,概括了[1—4]的相应结果.     

一类弱奇异边值问题的大范围收敛算法

该文研究如下的弱奇异边值问题: (p(x)y')'=f(x, y),0b₀g(x), 0≤b₀<1, 边值条件为y(0)=A,αy(1)+β y'(1)=γ 或y'(0)=0,αy(1)+βy'(1)=γ (R.K.Pandey 和 Arvind K.Singh 给出了一种求解此问题的二阶有限差分方法^[1]. 在再生核空间中讨论方程解的存在性, 给出一种新的迭代算法,这种迭代算法是大范围收敛的. 给出数值算例并与R. K. Pandey 和Arvind K.Singh 给出的方法进行比较说明该文方法的有效性.     

Banach空间三次方程的稳定性问题

给出了三次Hyers—Ulam—Rassias型泛函方程的一种新表示方法af(x+ay)-f(ax+y)=(a(a~2-1))/2[f(x+y)+f(x-y)]+(a~4-1)f(y)-2a(a~2-1)f(x)其中a为整数且a≠0,土1.关于9个三次泛函方程给出等价性证明。对Banach空间三次方程的稳定性问题给予讨论。     

Some weak self-adjoint Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman equations arising in financial mathematics

In Gandarias (2011) [12] one of the present authors has introduced the concept of weak self-adjoint equations. This definition generalizes the concept of self-adjoint and quasi self-adjoint equations that were introduced by Ibragimov (2006) [11]. In this paper we find a class of weak self-adjoint Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman equations which are neither self-adjoint nor quasi self-adjoint. By using a general theorem on conservation laws proved in Ibragimov (2007) [9] and the new concept of weak self-adjointness (Gandarias, 2011) [12] we find conservation laws for some of these partial differential equations.     

Nonturnpike Optimal Solutions and Their Approximations in Infinite Horizon

Recently, the authors have proposed a new necessary and sufficient condition for turnpike optimality in calculus of variations with singular Euler equation. The method is based on a characterization of the value function and generalizes the well known method based on the Green theorem. Furthermore, it allows the optimality of a competition between several turnpikes to be characterized. For a class of such problems not enjoying the turnpike property, we give an explicit formula for the value function and show how to characterize the optimal solution as the limiting solution of a family of perturbed problems satisfying the turnpike property. The considered problems are scalar with infinite horizon.     

Krein signature and Whitham modulation theory: the sign of characteristics and the “sign characteristic”

In classical Whitham modulation theory, the transition of the dispersionless Whitham equations from hyperbolic to elliptic is associated with a pair of nonzero purely imaginary eigenvalues coalescing and becoming a complex quartet, suggesting that a Krein signature is operational. However, there is no natural symplectic structure. Instead, we find that the operational signature is the “sign characteristic” of real eigenvalues of Hermitian matrix pencils. Its role in classical Whitham single‐phase theory is elaborated for illustration. However, the main setting where the sign characteristic becomes important is in multiphase modulation. It is shown that a necessary condition for two coalescing characteristics to become unstable (the generalization of the hyperbolic to elliptic transition) is that the characteristics have opposite sign characteristic. For example the theory is applied to multiphase modulation of the two‐phase traveling wave solutions of coupled nonlinear Schrödinger equation.     

Revisiting the single-phase flow model for liquid steel ladle stirred by gas

Ladle stirring is an important step of the steelmaking process to homogenize the temperature and the chemical composition of the liquid steel and to remove inclusions before casting. Gas is injected from the bottom of the bath to induce a turbulent flow of the liquid steel. Multiphase modeling of ladle stirring can become computationally expensive, especially when used within optimal flow control problems. This note focuses therefore on single-phase flow models. It aims at improving the existing models from the literature. Simulations in a 2d axial-symmetrical configuration, as well as in a real 3d laboratory-scale ladle, are performed. The results obtained with the present model are in a relative good agreement with experimental data and suggest that it can be used as an efficient model in optimal flow control problems.     

Numerical solution of fuzzy Camassa-Holm equation by using Homotopy analysis methods

In this paper, a fuzzy Camassa-Holm equation is solved by using&nbsp;the&nbsp; homotopy analysis method (HAM). The approximation solution of&nbsp;this equation is calculated in the form of series which its&nbsp;components are computed by applying a recursive relation. The&nbsp;existence and uniqueness of the solution and the convergence of the&nbsp;proposed method are proved.     

均值混合正态分布统计量的性质

这篇文章基于基因遗传背景,提出了一类均值混合正态分布,它不同于通常所讨论的方差混合正态分布. 作者研究了这类均值混合正态分布统计量的性质,给出了平移变换群下不变量的稳健性,即它与正态分布下该统计量有相同的性质, 并且讨论了其它统计量的分布.     

Optimal quality of exceptional points for the Lebesgue density theorem

In spite of the Lebesgue density theorem, there is a positive δ such that, for every non-trivial measurable set S⊂ℝ, there is a point at which both the lower densities of S and of ℝ∖S are at least δ. The problem of determining the supremum of possible values of this δ was studied in a paper of V. I. Kolyada, as well as in some recent papers. We solve this problem in the present work.     

Some results,concerning the variation of eigenvalues,when these depend on a real parameter

In this article we deal with a Hamiltonial of the form H(v) = Ho + A(v) where Ho is a self-adjoint bounded or unbounded operator on a Hilbert space and A(v) is a bounded self-adjoint perturbation depending on a real parameter v. In quantum mechanics a variety of results has been obtained by taking formally the derivative of the eigenvectors and eigenvalues of H(v).The differentiability of the eigenvectors and eigenvalues has been rigorously proved under several assumptions. Among these assumptions is the assumption that the eigenvalues are simple and the assumption that the perturbation A(v) is a uniformly bounded self-adjoint operator. A part of this article is dealing with examples, which show that these two assumptions are essential. The rest of this article is devoted to different applications concerning asymptotic relations of eigenvalues and a result for the solutions of the equation d_y/d_t= M(t)y in an abstract infinite dimensional Hilbert space, where iM(t)(1²=-1) is self-adjoint for every t in an interval. This result finds a succesful application to the theory of Toda and Langmuir lattices.