试证广义积分的一组命题

探讨无穷积分收敛时被积函数极限为零的条件.对于[a, ∞)上的连续函数,若 ∫∞af(x)dx收敛,则limx→ ∞f(x)=0的充分必要条件是f(x)在[a, ∞)上一致连续.     

一类指数型广义积分与被积函数比值的收敛阶

研究一类与Gamma函数相关的广义积分与其被积函数比值,得到当x趋于正无穷时的收敛阶以及相关函数列的收敛性.     

无穷限反常积分收敛时被积函数的极限状态

根据无穷限反常积分∫a^＋∞f（x）dx收敛的柯西准则和定积分的性质,讨论被积函数f（x）当x→∞时。的极限状态,并得出当无穷限反常积分∫a^＋∞f（x）dx收敛且f（x）在[a,＋∞）上连续,或者无穷限反常积分∫a^＋∞f（x）dx绝对收敛时,存在数列{xn}∩[a,＋∞]且xn→＋∞（n→∞）,使limn→∞xnf（xn）=0.     

无穷积分余项与其被积函数比值的收敛阶

对一类函数的无穷积分余项与该函数的比值得到当x趋于无穷大时的收敛阶,这类函数是幂函数与指数函数的乘积函数,并将其应用到Mittag-Leffler函数.同时考虑了对应的级数情形.     

广义函数Denjoy积分的收敛性问题

本文讨论广义函数De njoy积分的收敛性问题.首先给出了广义Denjoy可积函数空间中强收敛、弱收敛、弱~*收敛和广义函数Denjoy积分收敛的关系;证明拟一致收敛是广义函数Denjoy积分收敛的一个充分必要条件;最后指出了Denjoy可积广义函数列弱~*收敛与强收敛等价当且仅当原函数等度连续.     

借助函数极限判断无限数列的敛散性

本文首先指出了什么是无限数列和无限数列的敛散性的特征,数列的敛散性和连续函数的极限的求值有怎样的关系?数列的敛散性必有其特殊的地方,同时,将连续函数的求极限的方法移植到数列敛散性的判别上,有哪些需要注意的地方.文中作者将针对两者关系进行了详细的论述.无限数列在无穷远处的项具有什么特点呢?或是渐近某一个数,或渐近某几个数,或在某几个数之间来回摇摆等等.当数列渐近某一个数时,无限数列收敛.无限数列敛散性的代数验证方法就是求其在无穷远处的极限.当极限结果为一个有限数时,无穷数列收敛,当极限结果为无穷或不存在时,称其发散.既然数列是一种特殊的函数,那么是否可以借助函数极限来求解数列的极限呢?     

无穷限反常积分收敛的必要条件

＋∞摘要将无穷限反常积分的敛散性与无穷级数的敛散性相联系,讨论反常积分∫a f （x）d x收敛的必要条＋∞件。若被积函数 f （x）在[a ,＋∞）上单调连续或其导函数有界,则limx→＋∞ f （x）＝0就是∫a f （x）d x收敛的必要条件。     

常用数值求积公式渐近性的注记

常用数值求积公式余项中介点当积分区间长度趋于零时满足确定的极限关系式,当这些关系式严格成立时(非极限形式),证明了被积函数是次数不超过某常数的多项式函数.     

Newton-Cotes数值求积公式渐近性的注记

数值积分中的Newton-Cotes公式余项中介点当积分区间长度趋于零时满足确定的极限关系式,当此关系式严格成立时,证明了被积函数是次数不超过某个常数的多项式函数.     

一道全国大学生数学竞赛决赛题的推广

解答一道全国大学生数学竞赛非数学类决赛试题,该试题涉及微分方程,定积分及一元函数求极限.针对以积分形式表示的函数求极限问题,将定义在[0,1]区间上特定的被积函数分别推广到单调连续函数、连续函数及[-1,1]区间上的连续函数这三种形式.利用夹逼准则、连续函数的定义及反常积分一致收敛的性质可证推广命题成立.     

一类函数第一积分中值定理中值点的渐近性

给出了当积分区间的两个端点都为被积函数的若干次零点时,第一积分中值定理中值点的渐近性质.     

Singularity cancellation method for time-domain boundary element formulation of elastodynamics: A direct approach

In the implementation of time-domain boundary element method for elasto-dynamic problems, there are two types of singularities: the wave front singularity arising when the product of wave velocity and time is equal to the distance between the source point and the field point, and the spatial singularity arising when the source point coincides with the field point. In this paper, the singularity of the first type in the integrand is eliminated by an analytical integration over time, Cauchy principal value and Hadamard finite part integral. Four types of singularities with different orders appear in the integrand after analytical time integration. In order to accurately calculate the integral, in which the integrand is piecewise continuous, the integral domain is subdivided into several patches based on the relation between the product of wave velocity and time and the distance. In singular patches, the integrands are separated into a regular part and a singular part. The regular part can be computed by traditional numerical integration method such as Gaussian integration, while the singular part can be analytically integrated. Using the proposed method, the spatial singular integrals can be calculated directly. Numerical examples using various kinds of elements are presented to verify the proposed method.     

The practical Gauss type rules for Hadamard finite-part integrals using Puiseux expansions

A general framework is constructed for efficiently and stably evaluating the Hadamard finite-part integrals by composite quadrature rules. Firstly, the integrands are assumed to have the Puiseux expansions at the endpoints with arbitrary algebraic and logarithmic singularities. Secondly, the Euler-Maclaurin expansion of a general composite quadrature rule is obtained directly by using the asymptotic expansions of the partial sums of the Hurwitz zeta function and the generalized Stieltjes constant, which shows that the standard numerical integration formula is not convergent for computing the Hadamard finite-part integrals. Thirdly, the standard quadrature formula is recast in two steps. In step one, the singular part of the integrand is integrated analytically and in step two, the regular integral of the remaining part is evaluated using the standard composite quadrature rule. In this stage, a threshold is introduced such that the function evaluations in the vicinity of the singularity are intentionally excluded, where the threshold is determined by analyzing the roundoff errors caused by the singular nature of the integrand. Fourthly, two practical algorithms are designed for evaluating the Hadamard finite-part integrals by applying the Gauss-Legendre and Gauss-Kronrod rules to the proposed framework. Practical error indicator and implementation involved in the Gauss-Legendre rule are addressed. Finally, some typical examples are provided to show that the algorithms can be used to effectively evaluate the Hadamard finite-part integrals over finite or infinite intervals.     

Some new applications of truncated Gauss-Laguerre quadrature formulas

We show how truncated Gauss-Laguerre quadrature formulas can be used to produce accurate approximations and high rates of convergence, also when they are applied to integrand functions having only an algebraic type decay to zero at infinity. The approach presented in the paper is proposed for the computation of integrals and for the construction of Nyström type interpolants for some second kind integral equations.     

Sumudu transform and the solution of integral equations of convolution type

The convolution theorem for the Sumudu transform of a function which can be expressed as a polynomial or a convergent infinite series is proved and its applicability demonstrated in solving convolution type integral equations.     

A High-Order Piecewise Quartic Spline Rule for Hadamard Integral and Its Application of the Cavity Scattering

We develop a fourth-order piecewise quartic spline rule for Hadamard integral. The quadrature formula of Hadamard integral is obtained by replacing the integrand function with the piecewise quartic spline interpolation function. We establish corresponding error estimates and analyze the numerical stability. The rule can achieve fourth-order convergence at any point in the interval, even when the singular point coincides with the grid point. Since the derivative information of the integrand is not required, the rule can be easily applied to solve many practical problems. Finally, the quadrature formula is applied to solve the electromagnetic scattering from cavities with different wave numbers, which improves the whole accuracy of the solution. Numerical experiments are presented to show the efficiency and accuracy of the theoretical analysis.     

一维连续小波变换

1引言小波分析是近年来迅速发展起来的一门新兴学科,小波分析最显著的特征是频域和时域具有良好局部化特性,可以观察函数的任意细节,被誉为数学的显微镜．它不仅理论深刻,且理论与应用的发展交织在一起,它成功地应用于信噪分离、图像编码、图像的边缘检测、数据压缩、计算机视觉中的多分辨率分析等领域．     

Cubature of integrands containing derivatives

We present a new technique for the numerical integration over , a square or triangle, of an integrand of the form . This uses only function values of , , and , avoiding explicit differentiation, but is suitable only when the integrand function is regular over . The technique is analogous to Romberg integration, since it is based on using a sequence of very simple discretizations of the required integral and applying extrapolation in to provide closer approximations. A general approach to the problem of constructing discretizations is given. We provide specific cost-effective discretizations satisfying familiar, but somewhat arbitrary guidelines. As in Romberg integration, when each component function in the integrand is a polynomial, this technique leads to an exact result. Received May 10, 1996 / Revised version received November 20, 1996