一类具Holling—IV的捕食-食饵系统的Hopf分岔

研究了具有简化Holling—IV功能反应函数捕食-食饵模型二阶细焦点的Hopf分岔问题．运用隐函数存在定理,证明了该模型二阶细焦点确定的系数经扰动后在其邻域内有二个极限环．     

一类具有二阶细焦点的二次系统

本文证明了一类具有二阶细焦点的二次系统（在其二阶细焦点外围）至多存在一个极限环．     

具有一个三阶奇点的三次系统

本研究了一类具有一个三阶奇点和两个零特征根的三次系统，证明了这样的系统可以存在两个二阶细焦点，并给出了系统存在一阶细焦点、二阶细焦点和中心的条件。     

二次系统二阶细焦点外围极限环的唯一性

本文证明了平面二次系统二阶细焦点外围至多存在一个极限环这一猜想,并证明了若第二、第三焦点量的乘积大于零,则在二阶细焦点外围不存在极限环．     

一类具有二阶细焦点的二次系统

文[2]已经证明,具有三阶细焦点的二次系统(叶彦谦形式)当n=0时不存在极限环。本文继续运用文[2]的方法,得到了具有二阶细焦点的二次系统当n=0时在二阶细焦点外围存在极限环的条件和不存在极限环的条件,同时证明这种系统在其他奇点外围不存在极限环。     

二次系统极限环线的(3,1)分布

<正> 文[1],[2]指出:在有限部分具有两个奇点,在无穷远只有一个简单奇点,而且是鞍点情况下,二次系统可以至少出现四个极限环,且呈(3,1)分布结构.文[1]举出二阶细焦点方程,文[2]举出三阶细焦点方程,都用[?]扰动方法使极限环产生(3,1)分布结果.     

具有二阶细焦点的二次系统极限环的唯一性

人们猜想,平面二次系统二阶细焦点外围至多存在一个极限环,但迄今未能证实.文[1,2]在某些参数取特定值之下证明了这一猜想.最近文[5]在具有零特征根奇点之下也证明了这一猜想.本文则在较一般的情况下证明了这一猜想,并使文[5]的结果成为本文的特例.此外,本文还给出了若干有环无环的条件.     

预期理论权重函数π的由来、质疑及Tversky的阐释

借助权重函数π的导出,Kahneman和Tversky解释了一些期望效用理论无法预测和描述的抉择(如艾勒悖论),使预期理论成为风险条件下行为决策的重要描述性模型.文章回顾了推导权重函数的基本假设及权重函数各特性的推导过程,介绍沿用相同的推导逻辑提出的对该函数特性的质疑,及Tversky对质疑的回应和解释.冀透过对权重函数的审视,将质疑的焦点转向最大化原则本身.     

部分线性函数多项式模型的联合探测

本文提出了一个新的部分线性函数多项式回归模型,该模型中响应变量依赖于一个p阶函数多项式和一些非函数型数据的协变量.函数多项式模型、函数线性模型和部分函数线性模型是该模型的特殊情形.本文提出了一个模型探测方法,它能同时探测部分线性函数多项式回归模型中哪些阶是重要的以及哪些非函数型变量是重要的.提出的方法能相合地识别真实的模型并有好的预测表现.数值模拟能清晰地证实我们的理论结果.     

螺旋蛋白质模型的精确解

蛋白质是生命所必须的一类有机生物大分子,其螺旋结构对其在生命体中的作用有着重要的影响,对螺旋结构的研究一直是人们关注的焦点.文章运用辅助微分方程方法,双曲正切函数展开法和辅助双函数法,构造并求得了螺旋蛋白质螺旋链模型方程组的几组新的行波精确解.该结论还能用于探讨具有螺旋结构的生物大分子在传递各种信息时的规律及其对生命体生理功能作用的发挥机制.进一步解释了蛋白质分子的螺旋结构对生命体生理作用的复杂性.     

Limit cycles of a predator-prey model with intratrophic predation

We present some properties of a differential system that can be used to model intratrophic predation in simple predator-prey models. In particular, for the model we determine the maximum number of limit cycles that can exist around the only fine focus in the first quadrant and show that this critical point cannot be a centre.     

具有功能性反应函数为的捕食系统

本文给出了具有功能性反应函数为 x的捕食系统x=γx-δ x y-αx2 ,y=-sy+β x y-εy2的全局相图 .得到了两种群持续共存和捕食者种群必将灭绝的条件 .讨论了此系统唯一正平衡点的 Hopf分支 ,并证明了该点可以成为二阶不稳定细焦点 ,从而得到该系统有出现至少三个极限环的可能 .     

A Free Boundary Problem for Some Modified Predator-Prey Model in a Higher Dimensional Environment

Applications of Mathematics - We focus on the free boundary problems for a Leslie-Gower predator-prey model with radial symmetry in a higher dimensional environment that is initially well populated...     

A polycycle and limit cycles in a non-differentiable predator-prey model

For a non-differentiable predator-prey model, we establish conditions for the existence of a heteroclinic orbit which is part of one contractive polycycle and for some values of the parameters, we prove that the heteroclinic orbit is broken and generates a stable limit cycle. In addition, in the parameter space, we prove that there exists a curve such that the unique singularity in the realistic quadrant of the predator-prey model is a weak focus of order two and by Hopf bifurcations we can have at most two small amplitude limit cycles.     

捕食者-被捕者中含有化学计量学的离散型模型

大部分捕食者-被捕者模型是连续的,但是生物的发展未必是连续的,而且环境变化对生物的作用普遍存在时滞性.根据连续系统考虑的捕食者和被捕者的相互作用、Beverton-Holt差分方程以及化学计量学因素对系统的影响,建立了离散的捕食者-被捕者模型.分析表明:新建立的模型,基本上保留了连续系统的基本特征,揭示了能量富足的矛盾.进一步通过对全局的吸引集的构造,对模型的动力学行为有深刻的认识,还指出了生物灭绝和濒临灭绝的差别,这表明新模型比连续系统和直接利用连续解的离散方法得到的离散模型包含更多的生物意义.     

A diffusive competition model with a protection zone

This paper is concerned with a two species diffusive competition model with a protection zone for the weak competitor. Our mathematical results imply that when the protection zone is above a certain critical patch size determined by the birth rate of the weak competitor, the weak species almost always survives, but it cannot survive when the protection zone is below the critical size and its competitor is strong enough. While this is the main feature of the model, the actual dynamical behavior of the reaction-diffusion system is more complicated. The key to reveal the main feature of the system lies in a detailed analysis of the attracting regions of its steady-state solutions. Our mathematical analysis shows that, compared with the predator-prey model discussed in [Yihong Du, Junping Shi, A diffusive predator-prey model with a protect zone, J. Differential Equations 226 (2006) 63-91], the protection zone has some essentially different effects on the fine dynamics of the competition model.     

Fast-diffusion limit with large noise for systems of stochastic reaction-diffusion equations

We consider a class of a stochastic reaction-diffusion equations with additive noise. In the limit of fast diffusion, one can approximate solutions of the stochastic reaction–diffusion equations by the solution of a suitable system of ordinary differential equation only describing the reactions, but due to nonlinear interaction of large diffusion and fluctuations in the limit new effective reaction terms appear. We focus on systems with polynomial nonlinearities and illustrate the result by applying it to a predator-prey system and a cubic auto-catalytic reaction between two chemicals.     

Dynamical behavior of a stochastic predator-prey model with stage structure for prey

Abstract

In the present paper, we focus on a stochastic predator-prey model with stage structure for prey. Firstly, by using the stochastic Lyapunov function method, we obtain sufficient conditions for the existence and uniqueness of an ergodic stationary distribution of the positive solutions to the model. Then we establish sufficient conditions for extinction of the predator population in two cases. Some examples and numerical simulations are carried out to validate our analytical findings.     

Uniqueness of limit cycles of the predator-prey system with Beddington-DeAngelis functional response

The goal of this paper is to establish the uniqueness of limit cycles of the predator-prey systems with Beddington-DeAngelis functional response. Through a change of variables, the predator-prey system can be transformed into a better studied Gause-type predator-prey system. As a result, the uniqueness of limit cycles can be solved.