随机利率下提前还贷的优劣分析

本根据金融数学的理论，在随机市场利率的条件下，研究了提前还贷对贷款人或债权人的收益或损失，以及这些收益或损失的风险额度。同时也分析了提前还贷的赔偿金问题。     

提前还贷及其隐含期权的分析

可提前还款的定期贷款是隐含着期权的利率衍生物，本文建立CIR利率模型下可提前还款的定期贷款的数学模型，通过离散偏微分方程，建立了模型的计算方法，讨论了随机利率对提前还贷的影响．     

社会责任情境资金约束生产商的供应链融资

考虑社会责任情境下,资金短缺的生产商和零售商之间进行Stackelberg博弈,建立无资金约束、提前支付和银行贷款三种供应链融资模型,分析社会责任因子和初始资金如何影响供应链成员的最优决策和利润,以及生产商选择何种融资方式.结果表明:一旦生产商有资金约束时,其社会责任水平会降低.当供应链外部融资(银行)利率大于提前支付折扣时,生产商选择银行贷款融资策略,社会责任因子超过临界值后,生产商选择提前支付融资策略;当供应链外部融资(银行)利率小于提前支付折扣时,生产商先选择提前支付融资策略,社会责任因子超过临界值后,生产商选择银行贷款融资策略.此研究可为履行社会责任的企业提供融资参考及借鉴意义.     

考虑质物耗损的银行存货质押融资决策研究

在存货需求随机波动下,为研究存货耗损对存货质押融资过程中各方决策的影响,构建由银行、中小企业和第三方物流企业(Third-Part Logistics, TPL)组成的存货质押融资系统。在考虑银行下侧风险控制和企业还贷能力下,以实现银行利润最大化为目标建立模型。分析初始耗损率、激励因子、耗损改善因子和市场需求对质押率和银行利润的影响。研究表明:(1)银行利润与质物耗损率呈负相关,银行有激励TPL提高服务水平,降低耗损率的动力。(2)银行激励TPL降低耗损率有助于银行提高质押率并拓宽质物的选择范围。(3)仅当初始耗损率超过一定限值时,银行激励带来的额外收益才会高于激励成本。最后通过数值实验进行验证,从而为银行的存货质押融资决策提供指导。     

双币种博弈期权

博弈期权是一种赋予期权出售方在期权有效期内任意时刻可以赎回合约权利的美式期权.在B-S框架下分析了双币种情形下的博弈期权定价行为,建立了双币种博弈期权的定价模型,分别讨论了敲定价以国内货币计价和国外货币计价下的博弈期权定价问题及其最优赎回策略,通过运用偏微分方程的方法得到了这两种情形下期权价格的表达式及其最优执行边界.最后通过数值模拟,分析了标的资产和汇率的波动水平以及汇率与标的资产的相关系数对期权的最优执行策略和违约金边界的影响.     

我国住房抵押贷款提前还款影响因素分析

提前还款问题是住房抵押贷款证券要解决的一个基本问题.在介绍国外有关提前还款行为影响因素的基础上,针对我国的具体情况,用灰色关联法分析我国提前还款行为的影响因素.     

懂数学 明算账

1 问题来源 央行在2006年8月19日上调金融机构存款利率后,许多希望尽快享受新利率的储户,纷纷选择将仍在存期内的定期存单提前支取后办理转存.银行提醒储户,1年期存款在54天内、2年期存款在110天内、3年期存款在165天内、5年期存款在284天内提前支取,转存同期限定期存款是合算的.反之不要盲目提前支取,以免得不偿失.     

考虑借款企业决策行为的供应链CVaR利率决策模型

贷款利率是银行和其他金融机构用于权衡风险和收益的重要指标之一.考虑借款企业的决策行为,采用CVaR的风险度量准则作为决策标准,建立了基于条件风险价值最小的银行贷款利率决策模型,得到了权衡风险和收益条件下的最优利率.通过模型求解和数值分析发现:决策者的风险容忍水平直接对利率决策产生影响,CVaR风险度量准则可以帮助银行权衡收益和风险:借款企业利润率和自有资金是银行规避风险时需要着重考虑的关键因素.     

数列与房贷

众所周知,房价是当今社会的一个热点话题.购房者受到经济实力限制,一般都会选择贷款买房,这就涉及到一个还房贷的问题.目前主流的两种还贷方式是等额本金还款和等额本息还款.这两种还贷方式对应的每次应还     

模糊环境下可控提前期供应链库存优化的Stackelberg模型研究

为了有效地缩短提前期与降低库存成本,研究了模糊环境下可控提前期的供应链库存优化问题.利用三角形模糊数描述需求的不确定性,建立了一类模糊需求条件下可控提前期供应链库存优化的Stackelberg模型.利用三角形模糊数描述成本系数的不确定性,建立了模糊成本系数条件下可控提前期供应链库存优化的Stackelberg模型,并提出利用均值面积度量法来解模糊化.通过数值分析来验证两类模型的优化效果.     

按揭支付的单调性分析

考虑了基于随机提前偿付的按揭支付的期望收入或损失的分析模型,模型具有和提前偿付的概率分布无关的一些单调特性,揭示了潜在的异于传统的按揭风险控制思路,可以支持新颖支付模式的研发,并构成按揭风险治理的有力补充.     

Irreversible investment with random delay and partial prepayment

Classical irreversible investment problem admits an optimal strategy of threshold type. But there is no consensus on how the investor should adjust the threshold, if there is an implementation delay. By formulating a general problem with random delay and partial prepayment, we find that the effect of delay can be opposite for different prepayment rates. Besides, although the constant delay model is commonly used, we argue that it is a reasonable approximation only if the discount rate is small.     

Modeling credit portfolio derivatives,including both a default and a prepayment feature

Apart from heteronomy exit events such as, for example credit default or death, several financial agreements allow policy holders to voluntarily terminate the contract. Examples include callable mortgages or life insurance contracts. For the contractual counterpart, the result is a cash‐flow uncertainty called prepayment risk. Despite the high relevance of this implicit option, only few portfolio models consider both a default and a cancellability feature. On a portfolio level, this is especially critical because empirical observations of the mortgage market suggest that prepayment risk is an important determinant for the pricing of mortgage‐backed securities. Furthermore, defaults and prepayments tend to occur in clusters, and there is evidence for a negative association between the two risks. This paper presents a realistic and tractable portfolio model that takes into account these observations. Technically, we rely on an Archimedean dependence structure. A suitable parameterization allows to fit the likelihood of default and prepayment clusters separately and accounts for the postulated negative interdependence. Moreover, this structure turns out to be tractable enough for real‐time evaluation of portfolio derivatives. As an application, the pricing of loan credit default swaps, an example of a portfolio derivative that includes a cancellability feature, is discussed. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

A model for portfolio management with mortgage-backed securities

We present a stochastic programming model for the management of large portfolios of mortgage-backed securities (abbreviated: MBS). It is a two-stage, multiperiod model, whereby portfolio decisions made here-and-now are influenced by uncertain information about the future. In particular, we consider uncertainty in both the prepayment activity of the MBSs in the portfolio, as well as uncertainty about the future reinvestment rates. A simulation procedure is used to generate interest rate paths and prepayment behavior, and the stochastic program can be extremely large. Solution of the resulting large-scale programs is particularly challenging. We show that with massively parallel computing technology, the proposed models are indeed solvable. Empirical results on a Connection Machine CM-2 are reported.The HERMES Laboratory was established by a grant from the Digital Equipment Corporation, and is funded in part by grants SES-91-00216 and CCR-881135 from the National Science Foundation and grant 91-0168 from the Air-Force Office of Scientific Research.     

预付款模式下农业供应链的生产与融资研究

本文分析由一个农户和一个公司组成的农业供应链决策系统,其中农户具有资金约束并且具有产出不确定性,农户为了缓解资金压力可向公司申请预付款融资。为了研究预付款融资模式下供应链各方的决策和收益情况,本文分别构建了传统融资模式和预付款融资模式下的运作决策模型,并将两者进行分析对比。研究结果表明,农户在具有破产风险时采取银行融资获得的利润并非最优,在一定情况下,采取预付款融资双方将获得更大的收益。农户的最优决策方案受到丰收年产出因子、银行利率和价格弹性系数的影响。当丰收年产出因子较小或银行利率较高时,预付款融资模式能给农户带来更多收益。丰收年产出因子较低时,农户的融资策略对公司利润影响相同。在丰收年产出因子适中时,公司更期望农户选择预付款模式。     

住房抵押贷款的比例提前偿付模型

住房抵押贷款证券化定价的难点之一 ,就是由于提前偿付行为的存在 ,使得未来现金的流量难以确定。本文介绍了比例模型在提前偿付中的运用 ,同时提出了运用威布尔分布比例模型来建立提前偿付模型的观点 ,并得到了比较好的拟合结果     

基于M-CVaR和生产资金约束的供应链协调研究

本文针对供应商面临生产资金约束的情况,在需求随机条件下研究了由一个风险中性零售商和一个具有风险偏好的供应商组成的二级供应链的协调问题。文章在零售商享有批发价折扣的提前支付和供应商银行信贷两种融资方式下,分别建立了零售商的最优决策模型以及基于M-CVaR测度工具的供应链整体订购决策模型,并给出了采用两种不同融资模式时零售商和供应链整体的最优订购量以及供应链的协调条件,分析了供应商的风险偏好对供应链整体最优决策及协调条件的影响。最后通过算例验证了文章的主要结论。研究表明,当提前支付价格折扣大于临界值时,零售商会选择提前支付货款;提前支付模式下供应链整体的最优订购量大于银行信贷模式;随着供应商的风险偏好由风险规避向风险喜好转变,供应链整体的最优订购量逐渐增大。     

A stochastic partial differential equation model for the pricing of mortgage-backed securities

We develop a dynamic structural model for the wealth of individual mortgagors in a mortgage pool. We model the process of default and prepayment and, by taking a limit as the pool size goes to infinity, derive a stochastic partial differential equation (SPDE) which can be used to describe the evolution of the loss process from the pool. We prove existence and uniqueness of solutions to this SPDE and show how our model is able to capture, in a flexible way, the prices of credit risky tranches of mortgage-backed securities under different market conditions.     

An economic order quantity model for deteriorating item in a purchasing system with multiple prepayments

In the classic economic order quantity model the purchasing cost of an order should be paid at the time of its receipt. Sometimes, retailers ask purchasers to pay all or a fraction of the purchasing cost in advance and sometimes allow them to divide the prepayment into several equal-sized parts. In this paper, economic order quantity model for a deteriorating product with and without shortage under consecutive prepayments are developed. Numerical examples illustrate the proposed models and solution method and sensitivity analysis provides some managerial insights for managers.