基于曲梁弹性理论的弯曲覆岩变形及应力分析

引入适用于极坐标下曲梁的位移函数,通过理论分析得出用位移函数表示的曲梁控制方程和位移分量、应力分量.在此基础上,采用差分原理给出曲梁控制方程、位移分量和应力分量的差分代数方程.最后,采用数值计算方法,分析了煤层开采后弯曲覆岩的位移和应力分布特征,结果表明:1)煤层开采后弯曲覆岩产生下沉变形;弯曲岩层环向位移既有拉伸也有压缩.2)离开切眼不远处径向应力将达到峰值,径向应力由内边界向外逐渐增大;工作面后方不远处环向应力将达到峰值,环向应力较容易引起压缩破断;离开切眼不远处剪应力将达到峰值,对于小角度截面上的剪应力由内边界向外逐渐增大.研究结果为煤矿工程提供了科学依据与参考.     

横观各向同性弹性层点力解

本文根据弹性层状结构的传递矩阵法思想，由横观各向同性弹性力学基本方程，导出了含应力和位移两类变量的混合方程，利用Ｆｏｕｒｉｅｒ变换和文献［７］的位移函数通解，以及计算机代数软件，得到了横观各向同性层的点力解，这个点力解可直接退化到各同性情形的解．     

均布载荷作用下各向异性固支梁的解析解

针对均布载荷作用下的各向异性梁在两端固支条件下的平面应力问题,给出了一个求解应力和位移解析解的方法．该方法构造了一个含待定系数的应力函数,通过Airy应力函数解法,给出了含待定系数的应力和位移通式．对固支端边界条件采用两种处理办法．利用应力和位移边界条件,确定应力函数中的待定系数,得到了应力和位移的解析表达式．结果表明,该解析解与有限元数值结果相比,两者较为吻合．该解析解是对弹性理论中相关经典例题的补充．     

非线性弹性体的弹性动力学变分原理

本文根据文献[1],对非线性应力应变关系的弹性体,导出了弹性动力学问题的变分原理和广义变分原理,提出了混合位移协调元和混合应力协调元的瞬时广义变分原理.     

弹性力学求解体系的研究

证明了弹性力学求解体系的微分形式与积分形式的等价关系,建立了统一求解体系构架.新体系包括微分形式、积分形式及混合形式.利用微分形式与积分形式的等价关系,导出了各种变分原理.提出了广义虚功方程和广义虚函数的概念.     

弹性力学问题解唯一的边界积分方程

从积分方程式出发,应用基本解的特性分析,说明在力边值问题中,位移边界积分方程和面力边界积分方程的位移解不唯一.提出了位移解唯一的条件,建立了唯一解的位移边界积分方程和面力边界积分方程.实例计算结果表明唯一解的边界积分方程是有效的.     

平面十次对称准晶中Ⅱ型Briffith裂纹的求解

应用应力函数法,求解了二维十次对称准晶中的Ⅱ型Griffith裂纹问题。特别是把二维准晶的弹性力学问题分解成一个平面应变问题与一个反平面问题的叠加,通过引入应力函数,把平面应变问题的十八个弹性力学基本方程简化成一个八阶偏微分方程,并且求出了其在Ⅱ型Griffith裂纹情况的混合边值问题的解,所有的应力分量和位移分量都用初等函数表示出来,并且由此得出了准晶中Ⅱ型Griffith裂纹问题的应力强度因子和能量释放率。     

辛求解体系下功能梯度材料平面梁的完整解析解

采用辛弹性力学解法,求取弹性模量沿轴向指数变化,而Poisson比保持不变的功能梯度材料平面梁的完整解析解．通过求解被Saint-Venant原理覆盖的一般本征解,建立起完整的解析分析过程,进而给出平面梁位移和应力的精确分布规律．传统的弹性力学分析方法常常忽略被Saint-Venant原理覆盖的解,但这些衰减的本征解对材料的局部效应起着较大的影响作用,可能导致材料或结构的突然失效．采用辛求解方法,充分利用本征向量之间的辛共轭正交关系,得到了功能梯度材料梁的完整解析解．两个数值算例分别将功能梯度材料平面梁的位移和应力分布与相应均匀材料情形的结果进行比较,研究了材料非均匀性对位移和应力解的影响．     

一类指定应力问题的变分原理与应用

针对有限元分析中对应力或内力有指定条件的问题,引入非弹性应变作为实现指定应力条件的附加未知量,在小变形条件下描述了指定应力条件应当满足的弹性力学控制方程;以位移和未知非弹性应变作为独立变量建立了具有指定应力条件问题的势能变分原理和虚功方程;以位移、弹性应变、未知非弹性应变和应力为独立变量,建立了一个含四类变量的广义变分原理.在基于变分原理得到的桁架单元和梁单元平衡方程中,指定轴力和需要的调整量以对偶形式出现,可实现调整量已知情况下的常规受力分析,又可在轴力指定条件下获得需要的调整量;同时考虑了材料刚度和内力对结构的影响,改进了目前预应力筋模拟的等效荷载法和实体力筋法,还可用于拉索结构的索力优化和调整算法.通过拉索结构位移优化和索力调整的数值算例,验证了该文理论与算法的可行性及精度.     

非齐次弹性力学问题双互易边界元方法研究北大核心CSCD

基于弹性力学边界元方法理论,将边界元法与双互易法结合,采用指数型基函数对非齐次项进行插值得到双互易边界积分方程.将边界积分方程离散为代数方程组,利用已知边界条件和方程特解求解方程组,得出域内位移和边界面力.指数型基函数的形状参数是由插值点最近距离的最小值决定,采用这种形状参数变化方案,分析径向基函数(RBF)插值精度以及插值稳定性.再次将指数型基函数应用到双互易边界元法中,分析双互易边界元方法下计算精度及稳定性,验证了指数型插值函数作为双互易边界元方法的径向基函数解决弹性力学域内体力项问题的有效性.     

Elasticity solution of multi-span beams with variable thickness under static loads

This paper studies the stress and displacement distributions of continuously varying thickness multi-span beams simply supported at two ends and under static loads. The intermediate supports of the beam may be elastic and/or rigid in one or two directions. On the basis of the two-dimensional plane elasticity theory, the general solution of stress function, which exactly satisfies the governing differential equations and the simply supported boundary conditions, is deduced. In the present analysis, the reaction forces of the intermediate supports are regarded as the unknown external forces acting on the lower surface of the beam under consideration. The unknown coefficients in the solutions are determined by using the Fourier sinusoidal series expansions to the boundary conditions on the upper and lower surfaces of the beam and using the linear relations between reaction forces and displacements of the beam at intermediate supports. The solution obtained is exact and excellent convergence has been confirmed. Comparing the numerical results obtained from the proposed method to those obtained from the Euler beam theory, the Timoshenko beam theory and those obtained from the commercial finite element software ANSYS, high accuracy of the present method is demonstrated.     

Buckling mode localization in rib-stiffened plates with misplaced stiffeners – Kantorovich approach

Buckling mode localization in rib-stiffened plates with randomly misplaced stiffeners is studied in this paper. The method of Kantorovich on reducing a partial differential equation to a system of ordinary differential equations is employed to obtain the deflection surface of the rib-stiffened plates under axial compressive load. The edges of the plates normal to the stiffeners can be either simply supported or clamped. The solutions of the deflection surface are then expressed in the form of transfer matrices. The expressions of the solutions obtained for the case of one edge simply supported and one edge clamped and the case of two edges clamped are similar to those for the case of two edges simply supported. When the two edges are simply supported, the method of Kantorovich yields the exact results. Localization factors, which characterize the average exponential rates of growth or decay of amplitudes of deflection, are determined using the method of transfer matrix. The method of Kantorovich is a general approximate method, which is applicable for various support conditions.     

Two-dimensional thermoelastic analysis of beams with variable thickness subjected to thermo-mechanical loads

Two-dimensional thermoelastic analysis for simply supported beams with variable thickness and subjected to thermo-mechanical loads is investigated. An approximate analytical method is proposed. Firstly, the heat conduction equation is analytically solved to obtain the temperature distributions for two kinds of boundary conditions at the beam ends, which are the harmonic series with unknown coefficients. Then the two-dimensional equilibrium differential equations are analytically solved to obtain the displacement component series with unknown coefficients and the stress component series is obtained. The unknown coefficients in the temperature series and the stress component series are approximately determined by using the upper surface and lower surface conditions of the beam. With the proposed procedure, the solutions satisfy the governing differential equations, the loading conditions, and the simply supported end conditions. The proposed solution method shows a good convergence and the results agree well with those obtained from the commercial finite element software ANSYS. Several examples are used to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed solution method. The simultaneous effects of temperature change and applied mechanical load on the behavior of the beam are examined.     

Size-Dependent Effects of Micro-Nano Mindlin Plates Based on the Couple Stress Theory北大核心CSCD

基于偶应力理论,建立了适用于微纳米结构的Mindlin板理论。考虑横向剪切变形和材料的尺度效应并引入长度尺寸参数,推导了各向同性微纳米Mindlin板的本构方程。根据板的平衡条件,进一步推导出用位移函数和转角函数表示的板的屈曲和振动控制方程。通过对位移和转角变量进行空间和时间域上的分离,得出了四边简支（SSSS）和对边简支、对边固支（SCSC）两种边界情况下微纳米板的屈曲和振动问题的解析解。然后利用MATLAB软件进行算例分析,获得了不同尺寸参数、长宽比、厚长比等情况下板的临界屈曲荷载和固有频率。研究结果与已有文献中的结果以及ABAQUS有限元仿真解进行对比,结果表明,不同参数下的三种方法得到的结果均十分接近。算例分析发现,尺度效应对屈曲载荷和固有频率都有显著影响。     

Variant of an Analytical Shear Model for the Stress-Strain State of Heterogeneous Composite Beams

A nonclassical analytical model for the stress-strain state of composite beams with account of shear strains is suggested. It is assumed that the beam is piecewise heterogeneous across its height. Normal and tangential loads operate on its upper and lower surfaces and on interfaces. The model describes the distribution of tangential displacements across the thickness of plies by a third-degree polynomial. The corresponding system of differential equations is obtained by the variational method and contains two equations. The first one is an analog of the equation of classical theory of beams for deflections, and the second one is an analog of the equation of the theory for the bending moment from the generalized load. The solutions to test problems are compared with three-dimensional solutions and with experimental results for simply supported and clamped beams of different composite structure. An applied engineering problem is solved for a multispan statically indeterminate beam.     

An analytical solution for bending of transversely isotropic thick rectangular plates with variable thickness

In this study, the bending solution of simply supported transversely isotropic thick rectangular plates with thickness variations is provided using displacement potential functions. To achieve this purpose, governing partial differential equations in terms of displacements are obtained as the quadratic and fourth order. Then, the governing equations are solved using the separation of variables method satisfying exact boundary conditions. The advantage of the purposed method is that there is no limitation on the thickness of the plate or the way the plate thickness is being varied. No simplifying assumption in the analysis process leads to the applicability and reliability of the present method to plates with any arbitrarily chosen thickness. In order to confirm the accuracy of the proposed solution, the obtained results are compared with existing published analytical works for thin variable thickness and thick constant thickness plate. Also, due to the lack of analytical research on thick plates with variable thickness, the obtained results are verified using the finite element method which shows excellent agreement. The results show that the maximum displacement of the plates with variable thickness is moved from the center toward the thinner plate edge. In addition, results exhibit the profound effects of both thickness and aspect ratio on stress distribution along the thickness of the plate. Results also show that varying thickness has not a profound impact on bending and twisting moments in transversely isotropic plates. Five different materials consist of four transversely isotropic and one isotropic, as a special case, are considered in this paper, which it is shown that the material properties have a more considerable impact on higher thickness plate.     

Two-dimensional analysis of simply supported piezoelectric beams with variable thickness

A two-dimensional analysis is presented for piezoelectric beam with variable thickness which is simply supported and grounded along its two ends. According to the governing equations of plane stress problems, the displacement solutions, which exactly satisfy the governing differential equations and the simply-supported boundary conditions at two ends of the beam, are derived. The unknown coefficients in the solution are then determined by using the Fourier sinusoidal series expansion to the boundary equations on the upper and lower surfaces of the beams. The present solutions show a good convergence and the numerical results are presented and compared with those available in the literature. The method could be applied to control engineering and other projects with highly accurate demand on stress and displacement analysis such as the design of micro-mechanical apparatuses.     

Free vibration analysis of circular plates by differential transformation method

This study analyses the free vibrations of circular thin plates for simply supported, clamped and free boundary conditions. The solution method used is differential transform method (DTM), which is a semi-numerical-analytical solution technique that can be applied to various types of differential equations. By using DTM, the governing differential equations are reduced to recurrence relations and its related boundary/regularity conditions are transformed into a set of algebraic equations. The frequency equations are obtained for the possible combinations of the outer edge boundary conditions and the regularity conditions at the center of the circular plate. Numerical results for the dimensionless natural frequencies are presented and then compared to the Bessel function solution and the numerical solutions that appear in literature. It is observed that DTM is a robust and powerful tool for eigenvalue analysis of circular thin plates.     

New benchmark solutions for free vibration of clamped rectangular thick plates and their variants

It is of significance to explore benchmark analytic free vibration solutions of rectangular thick plates without two parallel simply supported edges, because the classic analytic methods are usually invalid for the problems of this category. The main challenge is to find the solutions meeting both the governing higher order partial differential equations (PDEs) and boundary conditions of the plates, i.e., to analytically solve associated complex boundary value problems of PDEs. In this letter, we extend a novel symplectic superposition method to the free vibration problems of clamped rectangular thick plates, with the analytic frequency solutions obtained by a brief set of equations. It is found that the analytic solutions of clamped plates can simply reduce to their variants with any combinations of clamped and simply supported edges via an easy relaxation of boundary conditions. The new results yielded in this letter are not only useful for rapid design of thick plate structures but also provide reliable benchmarks for checking the validity of other new solution methods.