基于极值统计和高维动态C藤Copula的股市行业集成风险计算

股市诸多行业风险之间存在着波动相依性,集成计量多维风险对投资决策意义重大。藤Copula是Copula函数高维化拓展的一个方向,其动态化是新的研究前沿。将极值理论的GPD模型和高维动态C藤Copula方法结合起来研究沪深300指数中地产、基建、银行和运输四个行业风险,能够有效描述尾部极值形态,突出关键变量的作用。再运用动态Pair-Copula分解,刻画高维行业风险变量间的动态关系,以仿真出动态集成风险变量VaR序列。VaR计算结果通过了回溯检验和稳定性测试,表明高维动态C藤Copula模型可以作为风险集成计量的一种新的有效方法。     

高维动态藤Copula函数建模、仿真及在金融风险研究中的应用

从h和h逆函数的角度阐述了高维动态C藤和D藤Copula结构的构建和仿真过程,着重从数学方法上解决藤结构的复杂型h函数和存在多维条件信息集的h逆函数的求解问题,分别以C藤和D藤的五维变量为例,绘制了构建第五维h函数和利用h逆函数仿真第五维数据的路径图.论文阐述了如何将方法运用于金融风险研究,首次从基础性理论角度,解决高维动态藤Copula方法构建和仿真及在金融风险研究中应用问题,对于方法进一步与金融研究结合具有一定的意义.     

藤Copula模型与多资产投资组合VaR预测

投资组合风险管理往往涉及多个资产,在传统的二元Copula函数面临"维度诅咒"问题及多元Copula函数刻画多变量联合分布时其精确性和灵活性存在各种局限性的情况下,引入藤Copula刻画多个资产收益的联合分布,基于不同的Pair-Copula类别构建藤Copula,运用蒙特卡罗模拟方法计算多资产投资组合的VaR,通过Kupiec和Christoffersen返回检验方法测试藤Copula模型的VaR预测效果,并与传统方差-协方差风险管理方法做比较。实证分析表明,传统的方差-协方差风险管理方法和基于正态Pair-Copula作为藤Copula构建模块的方法不能通过多资产投资组合的VaR预测返回检验;而基于student-t Copula、Clayton Copula具有尾部分布特征的Copula作为构建模块的藤Copula模型能够有效地用于多资产投资组合VaR预测,从而更好的用于指导实践。     

基于时变Copula模型的 基金收益率相依关系的应用研究

基于时变Copula模型,获得预测方差,确定单个基金收益率序列的边缘分布.利用常见的静态Copula和时变Copula模型对基金收益率序列间两两相依关系进行建模并进行对比分析.应用研究表明,基于MCMC方法的时变Copula模型能更有效地度量基金收益率序列的风险.     

基于藤Copula的多资产交换期权模拟定价

传统的多维Copula是用单个参数来度量多变量之间的相依关系,这限制了该类Copula在描述多变量之间相依结构.为了解决这一问题,提出了一种使用藤构造三维Copula的算法,用蒙特卡罗方法分别模拟传统的单参数三维Copula和藤构造的三维Copula,并给三资产的交换期权定价,发现藤构造的Copula在定价上与单参数多维Copula存在明显的差别,使用藤构造的Copula在描述相依结构时有较大弹性.     

几种Copula函数在沪深股市相关性建模中的应用

研究了Copula函数对沪深股市的相关性建模问题.许多学者用Gaussian Copula建模,但是它无法捕捉到尾部变化,尾部相关系数不存在.用t-Copula度量中国股市的相关性,捕捉到了尾部变化,并计算出了尾部相关系数,克服了Gaussian Copula对相关性建模的不足,并通过AIC准则比较得到t-Copula优于Gaussian Copula.最后对3种Archimedean Copula进行比较,通过比较它们与经验分布函数的距离,说明Gumble Copula更加适用于中国的金融市场.     

中国投资与消费不均衡发展的实证研究:基于因子-Copula模型

在现有对投资与消费关系研究缺乏定量研究的基础上,引入Copula函数来探讨投资与消费的变动关系。首先利用因子分析进行投资与消费高维指标的降维处理,这样有效避免了Copula函数在多维变量下的建模复杂性;接着利用半参数建模方法选择了Cumbel函数来描述当前二者的关系;结果显示当前我国投资与消费存在显著不均衡关系,同时二者具有非对称性、非线性等数量特征;最后对上述研究结论进行了经济解释分析。     

基于高维动态R-Vine Copula的股份制商业银行系统性金融风险计量研究

以精准计量系统性金融风险为主要目标,采用R-Vine Copula方法解决股份制商业银行系统性风险精准计量问题.研究过程进行GJR-GARCH与GPD模型拟合、过滤、PIT,实现动态R-Vine Copula建模、仿真,以历史重现原则仿真VaR,并与静态模型作比较,最终得出动态R-Vine Copula模型更优胜结论.研究意义在于为系统性金融风险计量提供了新的模型支持,为系统性金融风险预警提供了更精准的量化方法准备,期望对于新时代金融风险的监管防控与学术研究起到抛砖引玉的作用.     

半参数阿基米德Copula的实证研究

半参数阿基米德Copula族的生成元可由现有阿基米德Copula生成元得到,由于有独特的构造方式,该Copula族具有灵活的相关结构,能"自适应"地描述数据中包含的相关结构.外汇市场的实证分析证实了该Copula族在描述相关结构时的灵活性,对选择何种Copula描述金融资产间的相关结构有一定的参考意义.     

交易行为可作为价格波动的先行指标吗?——基于线性与非线性模型的比较研究

本文基于沪深300股指期货四个不同样本期的1分钟交易数据,比较研究了静态线性的马尔可夫转换自回归模型MSA(Markov Switch Autoregress Model)和动态非线性Symmetrised Joe-Clayton Copula模型在对金融变量间相互关系上建模的适用性。研究结果表明,当期价格波动与滞后一期交易行为间不存在稳定的线性关系,但存在明显的尾部相关结构,并且其相关性在趋势行情中尤为显著。这一结果不但表明,趋势行情中滞后一期的交易行为可以作为当期价格波动的先行指标,还展现出了非线性Copula模型在描述金融变量间的相互关系上的适用性和显著优势。     

Dependence Properties of Conditional Distributions of some Copula Models

For multivariate data from an observational study, inferences of interest can include conditional probabilities or quantiles for one variable given other variables. For statistical modeling, one could fit a parametric multivariate model, such as a vine copula, to the data and then use the model-based conditional distributions for further inference. Some results are derived for properties of conditional distributions under different positive dependence assumptions for some copula-based models. The multivariate version of the stochastically increasing ordering of conditional distributions is introduced for this purpose. Results are explained in the context of multivariate Gaussian distributions, as properties for Gaussian distributions can help to understand the properties of copula extensions based on vines.     

对称Bernstein Copula

主要介绍对称Bernstein Copula的一些性质及其应用.它除了具有Copula函数的基本性质外,还有其特殊性质,以定理的形式给出并加以证明.对称Bernstein Copula属于多参数Copula族,可以应用到很多领域,比如股票、汇率、证券等等.     

Tail dependence functions and vine copulas

Tail dependence and conditional tail dependence functions describe, respectively, the tail probabilities and conditional tail probabilities of a copula at various relative scales. The properties as well as the interplay of these two functions are established based upon their homogeneous structures. The extremal dependence of a copula, as described by its extreme value copulas, is shown to be completely determined by its tail dependence functions. For a vine copula built from a set of bivariate copulas, its tail dependence function can be expressed recursively by the tail dependence and conditional tail dependence functions of lower-dimensional margins. The effect of tail dependence of bivariate linking copulas on that of a vine copula is also investigated.     

多元Copula-GARCH模型及其在金融风险分析上的应用

针对传统风险分析模型的不足,结合Copula技术和GARCH模型,提出了多元Copula-GARCH模型。指出该模型不仅可以捕捉金融市场间的非线性相关性,还可以得到更灵活的多元分布进而用于资产投资组合VaR分析。在详细探讨了基于Copula技术的资产投资组合的MonteCarlo仿真技术的基础上,运用具有不同边缘分布的多元Copula-GARCH模型,对上海股市进行了研究,结果证实了所提模型和方法的可行性和有效性。     

Representing Sparse Gaussian DAGs as Sparse R-Vines Allowing for Non-Gaussian Dependence

Modeling dependence in high-dimensional systems has become an increasingly important topic. Most approaches rely on the assumption of a multivariate Gaussian distribution such as statistical models on directed acyclic graphs (DAGs). They are based on modeling conditional independencies and are scalable to high dimensions. In contrast, vine copula models accommodate more elaborate features like tail dependence and asymmetry, as well as independent modeling of the marginals. This flexibility comes however at the cost of exponentially increasing complexity for model selection and estimation. We show a novel connection between DAGs with limited number of parents and truncated vine copulas under sufficient conditions. This motivates a more general procedure exploiting the fast model selection and estimation of sparse DAGs while allowing for non-Gaussian dependence using vine copulas. By numerical examples in hundreds of dimensions, we demonstrate that our approach outperforms the standard method for vine structure selection. Supplementary material for this article is available online.     

Pricing kthrealization derivatives and collateralized debt obligation with multivariate Fréchet copula

Copula method has been widely applied to model the correlation among underlying assets in financial market. In this paper, we propose to use the multivariate Fréchet copula family presented in J. P. Yang et al. [Insurance Math. Econom., 2009, 45: 139–147] to price multivariate financial instruments whose payoffs depend on the k^th realization of the underlying assets and collateralized debt obligation (CDO). The advantage of the multivariate Fréchet copula is discussed. Empirical study shows that such copula family gives a better fitting to CDO’s market price than Gaussian copula for some derivatives.     

时变相关Copula模型在基金风格分析中的应用

基金的投资风格是投资者分析基金考虑的关键要素之一,传统的分析工具基本上局限于静态的、线性的分析方法.时变相关Copula模型作为一种新型的分析工具,不仅可以刻画基金和风格指数之间的相关结构,还能描述它们之间相关性的动态变化情况.首先对时变相关Copula模型的理论基础及建模步骤进行了详细阐述,然后随机选取几只市场综合排名靠前的基金,通过实证研究给出模型的参数估计结果,最后重点解释基金的投资风格划分依据.     

Bivariate option pricing with copulas

The adoption of copula functions is suggested in order to price bivariate contingent claims. Copulas enable the marginal distributions extracted from vertical spreads in the options markets to be imbedded in a multivariate pricing kernel. It is proved that such a kernel is a copula function, and that its super-replication strategy is represented by the Fréchet bounds. Applications provided include prices for binary digital options, options on the minimum and options to exchange one asset for another. For each of these products, no-arbitrage pricing bounds, as well as values consistent with the independence of the underlying assets are provided. As a final reference value, a copula function calibrated on historical data is used.     

Pricing <Emphasis Type="Italic">k</Emphasis><Superscript>th</Superscript> realization derivatives and collateralized debt obligation with multivariate Fréchet copula

Copula method has been widely applied to model the correlation among underlying assets in financial market. In this paper, we propose to use the multivariate Fréchet copula family presented in J. P. Yang et al. [Insurance Math. Econom., 2009, 45: 139–147] to price multivariate financial instruments whose payoffs depend on the k ^th realization of the underlying assets and collateralized debt obligation (CDO). The advantage of the multivariate Fréchet copula is discussed. Empirical study shows that such copula family gives a better fitting to CDO’s market price than Gaussian copula for some derivatives.     

基于Copula函数和极值理论的金融传染度量——测度美国次贷危机对重要经济体的传染效应

基于Copula函数和极值理论研究美国次贷危机对重要经济体的传染效应,首先根据信息准则来选取Copula函数,然后用Cvm和Ks统计量来检验Copula函数的拟合程度,确保选取合适的Copula函数,并在此基础上计算一般相关系数和尾部相关系数;实证发现使用尾部相关系数度量金融传染并不可靠,因此基于Copula函数和极值理论的POT模型,构造了尾部附近相关系数并通过实证分析了其用于金融传染的有效性.结果表明发达国家所受传染较重,中国所受传染较轻.