关于Smarandache对偶函数

定义Smarandache对偶函数S*(n)为最大的正整数m使得m!|n.定义另一种双阶乘函数S**(n)为最大的正整数2m-1使得(2m-1)!!|n,其中2 n;且当2|n时,为最大的正整数2m使得(2m)!!|n.本文的主要目的是利用初等方法研究一个包含S**(n)的无穷级数的收敛性,并给出一个有趣的恒等式.     

一个新的算术函数及其均值

对任意正整数n,我们定义算术函数(Ω)(n)为(Ω)(1)=0,当n＞1,且n=pα11·pα22…pαkk为n的标准分解式时,定义(Ω)(n)=α1p1 α2p2 … αkpk.显然这个函数是可加函数.即就是对任意正整数m及n有(Ω)(m·n)=(Ω)(m) (Ω)(n).本文主要目的是利用初等方法研究函数(Ω)(n)的算术性质,并给出一个较强的均值公式及有趣的恒等式.     

一个包含伪Smarandache函数及 Smarandache可乘函数的方程

对任意正整数n,著名的伪Smarandache函数Z(n)定义为最小的正整数m使得n整除m(m 1)/2,或者Z(n)=min{m:m∈N,n│m(m 1)/2},其中N表示所有正整数之集合.而Smarandache可乘函数U(n)定义为U(1)=1,当n1且n=pα11 pα,22…pαss为n的标准素因数分解式时,定义U(n)=max{α1p1,α2p2,…,αsps}.本文的主要目的是利用初等方法研究方程Z(n)=U(n)及Z(n) 1=U(n)的可解性,并获得了这两个方程的所有正整数解.     

一个包含平方补数的方程

对任意正整数n,我们定义a(n)为n的平方补数,即a(n)表示能够使na(n)为完全平方数的最小正整数.本文的主要目的是利用初等方法研究方程a(n1)+a(n2)+…+a(nk)=m·a(n1+n2+…+nk)的可解性,并证明对某些特殊的正整数m及任意正整数k>1,该方程有无穷多组正整数解(n1,n2,…,nk).     

关于原数列及其均值

设p为素数,n为正整数,Sp(n)是其阶乘能被pn整除的最小正整数.本文研究了数列Sp(n)的均值性质,并给出了一个较强的渐进公式.     

关于Smarandache函数的奇偶性

对任意正整数n,著名的F. Smarandache函数S(n)定义为最小的正整数m使得n│m!.即就是S(n)=min{m:m∈N,n│m!}.令OS(n)表示区间[1,n]中S(n)为奇数的正整数n的个数;ES(n)表示区间[1,n]中S(n)为偶数的正整数n的个数.在文[2]中,Kenichiro Kashihara建议我们研究极限limn→∞ES(n)/OS(n)的存在问题.如果存在,确定其极限,本文的主要目的是利用初等方法研究这一问题,并得到彻底解决!即就是证明该极限存在且为零.     

关于Smarandache函数的一个问题

对任意正整数n,著名的Smarandache函数S(n)定义为最小的正整数m使得n|m!.即就是S(n)=min{m:m∈N,n|m!}.令PS(n)表示区间[1,n]中S(n)为素数的正整数n的个数.在一篇未发表的文献中,J. Castillo建议我们研究当n→∞时,比值PS(n)/n的极限存在问题.如果存在,确定其极限.本文的主要目的是利用初等方法研究这一问题,并得到彻底解决!即就是证明该极限存在且为1.     

一个新的Smarandache函数及其均值

对任意正整数n≥3,我们定义算术函数C(n)为最大的正整数m≤n-2使得n |Cnm=n!/m!·(n-m)!.即就是C(n)=max{m:m≤n-2,n|Cnm},并规定C(1)=C(2)=1.本文的主要目的是利用初等及解析方法研究这一函数的均值分布问题,并给出几个有趣的均值公式及渐近式.     

关于Smarandache 函数S(n)的一个猜想

对任意正整数n,著名的Smarandache 函数S(n)定义为最小的正整数m,使得n|m!.即就是S(n)=min{m∶n|m!,m∈N}.本文的主要目的是利用初等方法研究一个包含函数S(n)的猜想,并部分的得到解决.     

一类正整数是否是孤立数的讨论

对于任意正整数n,令σ(n)表示为n的所有正因数的和函数.对于正整数n,若存在正整数m满足关系式σ(n)=σ(m)=n+m,则称正整数数对(n,m)为一对亲和数;若不存在正整数m满足关系式σ(n)=σ(m)=n+m,则称n为孤立数.亲和数与孤立数是数论中的两类重要的整数.利用初等方法结合计算机python语言,证明了整数E(33,t)=1/2(33^(2^(t))+1)是孤立数.     

On the existence of value in the Varaiya-Lin sense in differential games of pursuit and evasion

This paper is strictly related to Ref. 1. A pursuit-evasion game described in part by the system and is considered. The state variablesx andy are restricted, in the sense that (x(t),t) N ₁ and (y(t),t) N ₂. The existence of a value in the sense of Varaiya and Lin is proved under the assumption that the sets of all admissible trajectories for the two players are compact and the lower value is not greater than the upper value.     

积分第二中值定理的中间点ξ的渐近性质

讨论积分第一和第二中值定理的中间点ξ的渐近性质的一般结果,主要证明积分第二中值定理的中间点在弱条件下的渐近性质.     

黎曼函数的极大性及其应用

得到了黎曼函数的一个新的性质——极大性,即黎曼函数在任意非零值点处取得严格极大值,并讨论了这一性质的应用.     

An alternative characterization of the weighted Banzhaf value

We provide a new characterization of the weighted Banzhaf value derived from some postulates in a recent paper by Radzik, Nowak and Driessen [7]. Our approach owes much to the work by Lehrer [4] on the classical Banzhaf value based on the idea of amalgamation of pairs of players and an induction construction of the value. Compared with the approach in [7] we consider two new postulates: a weighted version of Lehrer’s “2-efficiency axiom” [4] and a generalized “null player out” property studied in terms of symmetric games by Derks and Haller [2]. Received: December 1997/final version: October 1999     

On the unsolvability of inverse singular value problems almost everywhere

In this paper, the unsolvability of inverse singular value problems almost everywhere is discussed. Applying the method described by Sun and Ye [J Comput Math. 1986;4:212–226], a sufficient condition is given such that the inverse singular value problems are unsolvable almost everywhere. This result shows that inverse singular value problems are unsolvable almost everywhere if the multiplicity of zero singular values is sufficiently large.     

Sensitivity analysis for the generalized singular value decomposition

In this paper, we discuss the sensitivity of multiple nonzero finite generalized singular values and the corresponding generalized singular matrix set of a real matrix pair analytically dependent on several parameters. From our results, the partial derivatives of multiple nonzero singular values and their left and right singular vector matrices are obtained.Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

A note on the spectral distribution of toeplitz matrices

An elementary and direct proof of the Szegö formula is given, for both eigen and singular values. This proof, which is based on tools from linear algebra and does not rely on the theory of Fourier series, simultaneously embraces multilevel Toeplitz matrices, block Toeplitz matrices and combinations of them. The assumptions on the generating

function f are as weak as possible; indeedf is a matrix-valued function of p variables, and it is only supposed to be integrable. In the case of singular values f(x), and hence the block p-level Toeplitz matrices it generates, are not even supposed to be square matrices. Moreover, in the asymptotic formulas for eigen and singular values the test functions involved are not required to have compact support.     

一种概率分布的极值分位数的最优估计

在本文中, 我们构造了一种新的极值分位数估计, 给出了估计量的极限性质. 同时, 在渐近二阶矩最小的准则下, 利用子样本自助法给出了计算所构造的极值分位数估计时的样本点分割方法, 从理论上证明了这一极限结果, 说明了这种分割在渐近二阶矩最小的准则下是渐近最优分割, 同时提出了自适应的样本点分割的自助算法.