Efficiently pricing barrier options in a Markov-switching framework

An efficient Monte Carlo simulation for the pricing of barrier options in a Markov-switching model is presented. Compared to a brute-force approach, relying on the simulation of discretized trajectories, the presented algorithm simulates the underlying stock price process only at state changes and at maturity. Given these pieces of information, option prices are evaluated using the probability of Brownian bridges not to fall below some threshold level. It is illustrated how two methods of variance reduction, control variates and antithetic variates, further improve the algorithm. In a small case study, the algorithm is applied to the pricing of options with the EuroStoxx 50 as underlying.     

Numerical valuation of discrete double barrier options

In the present paper we explore the problem for pricing discrete barrier options utilizing the Black-Scholes model for the random movement of the asset price. We postulate the problem as a path integral calculation by choosing approach that is similar to the quadrature method. Thus, the problem is reduced to the estimation of a multi-dimensional integral whose dimension corresponds to the number of the monitoring dates.We propose a fast and accurate numerical algorithm for its valuation. Our results for pricing discretely monitored one and double barrier options are in agreement with those obtained by other numerical and analytical methods in Finance and literature. A desired level of accuracy is very fast achieved for values of the underlying asset close to the strike price or the barriers.The method has a simple computer implementation and it permits observing the entire life of the option.     

基于贝叶斯MCMC算法的美式期权定价

鉴于美式期权的定价具有后向迭代搜索特征,本文结合Longstaff和Schwartz提出的美式期权定价的最小二乘模拟方法,研究基于马尔科夫链蒙特卡洛算法对回归方程系数的估计,实现对美式期权的双重模拟定价.通过对无红利美式看跌股票期权定价进行大量实证模拟,从期权价值定价误差等方面同著名的最小二乘蒙特卡洛模拟方法进行对比分析,结果表明基于MCMC回归算法给出的美式期权定价具有更高的精确度.模拟实证结果表明本文提出的对美式期权定价方法具有较好的可行性、有效性与广泛的适用性.该方法的不足之处就是类似于一般的蒙特卡洛方法,会使得求解的计算量有所加大.     

GARCH模型中美式亚式期权价值的蒙特卡罗模拟算法

我们运用 Longstaff和 Schwartz最近提出的用蒙特卡罗模拟法计算美式期权的方法在 GARCH模型中求解美式亚式期权 ,我们的结果表明和其它数值方法相比 ,这个方法不仅有相当的精确度 ,而且使用简便并具有更广泛的适用性 ,对于 GARCH模型中运用格点法难以求解的浮动执行价格的美式亚式期权同样可以得到稳定解 .     

Esscher变换下扩展的欧式交换期权定价

文章研究Esscher变换下标的资产价格服从几何布朗运动的扩展的几种欧式交换期权(包括广义交换期权,复合交换期权,障碍交换期权,红绿灯期权)定价问题.首先,给出了带漂移布朗运动的反射原理和性质;其次,借助Gerber和Shiu (1994)给出了多维独立平稳增量过程和二维带漂移布朗运动的Esscher变换定义及其性质;最后,应用Esscher变换的相关理论给出了标的资产价格服从几何布朗运动的扩展的多种欧式交换期权定价公式.特别,本文所得到的期权定价公式与以往文献中给出的结果是一致的.     

Pricing vulnerable options under a stochastic volatility model

In this paper, we consider the pricing of vulnerable options when the underlying asset follows a stochastic volatility model. We use multiscale asymptotic analysis to derive an analytic approximation formula for the price of the vulnerable options and study the stochastic volatility effect on the option price. A numerical experiment result is presented to demonstrate our findings graphically.     

障碍期权推广到几何平均资产情况下的定价公式

平均期权是亚式期权,其到期收益依赖于某个形式的整个期权有效期内或是其一部分时段内标的资产的平均价格.障碍期权指的是期权是否有效或是否执行决定于标的资产价格在期权有效期内是否碰上障碍.本文主要讨论几何平均资产在期权有效期内设有障碍的期权定价公式,并运用反射原理和回望期权的方法来推导出期权的定价公式.     

AN OPTION PRICING PROBLEM WITH THEUNDERLYING STOCK PAY1NG DIVIDENDS~

In this paper, a pricing problem of European call options is considered, wbete the underlying stock generates dividends d, at some fixed future dates T, before the expiration date T .without the inappropriate assumption made in that the dlvkdeMs being payed continously.The arbitrage free pricing of the option is determined via a series of partial differential equations.which is derived at the view point of backward s‘tochasric differential ertuation (BBDE). It isshowed how the dividends affect the fair price of the call options. Some simulating results are alsogiven to illust rate the respective in fluence of parameters a.T.r,K.di and F1 on the option pricing.     

分数跳-扩散环境下几种新型期权定价模型

假定股票价格遵循分数跳-扩散过程,利用公平保费原则和价格过程的实际测度,获得几种新型期权——欧式看涨幂期权、欧式上封顶及下保底看涨幂期权定价公式.对期权定价模型进行了推广.     

基于跳扩散过程的欧式交换期权定价

考虑了股票价格服从带时滞泊松跳的跳扩散模型的欧式交换期权定价问题,运用无套利理论推导出期权价值微分方程,利用变换计价单位的方法,得到交换期权的显示定价公式.     

汇率连动欧式幂型期权鞅定价及避险

研究了汇率连动选择权中执行价是本国货币的外国股票权证的欧式幂型期权的鞅定价问题,推导了其看涨、看跌定价公式,并求出了其相应的避险参数.     

指数屏障期权定价模型

本文在股票价格服从几何布朗运动的假设下,采用一种简化的方法,推导了指数屏障期权定价公式。该方法具有一般性,能用来解决其它该类型的屏障期权的定价问题。     

障碍平方期权的定价

本讨论了一种变异期权——收益结构为平方的障碍期权，在股票价格服从几何布朗运动的模型下，由带单侧吸收壁的布朗运动的密度和分布函数得到连续障碍平方期权的定价公式．     

屏蔽数据情形下几何平均亚式期权定价模型

通常情况下,前人的工作都是连续情形下的结论,假定股票价格部分信息被屏蔽,只在有限的时刻点上股票价格是明确已知的.在此假设之下,尝试考虑几何平均型亚式期权定价问题.利用拟-鞅的方法,建立了分数布朗运动环境下亚式期权定价模型,获得了离散情形几何加权平均亚式期权价格的解析表达式.     

Risk-neutral valuation of power barrier options

Barrier options are standard exotic options traded in the financial market. These instruments are different from the vanilla options as the payoff of the option depends on whether the underlying asset price reaches a predetermined barrier level, during the life of the option. In this work, we extend the vanilla call barrier options to power call barrier options where the underlying asset price is raised to a constant power, within the standard Black–Scholes framework. It is demonstrated that the pricing of the power barrier options can be obtained from standard barrier options by a transformation which involves the power contract and a adjusted barrier. Numerical results are considered.     

An approximate moving boundary method for American option pricing

We present a method to solve the free-boundary problem that arises in the pricing of classical American options. Such free-boundary problems arise when one attempts to solve optimal-stopping problems set in continuous time. American option pricing is one of the most popular optimal-stopping problems considered in literature. The method presented in this paper primarily shows how one can leverage on a one factor approximation and the moving boundary approach to construct a solution mechanism. The result is an algorithm that has superior runtimes-accuracy balance to other computational methods that are available to solve the free-boundary problems. Exhaustive comparisons to other pricing methods are provided. We also discuss a variant of the proposed algorithm that allows for the computation of only one option price rather than the entire price function, when the requirement is such.     

连续支付红利的美式障碍期权定价的数值方法

本文利用显式差分格式为连续支付红利的向下触销型美式障碍期权定价.由于障碍的影响,定价模型的边值条件含有间断,故把结点设在障碍水平上,并在障碍附近的区域内运用局部网格加密技术,这样就可以得到较精确的期权价格.本文给出数值算例,验证算法的有效性,并分析障碍对期权价格的影响.     

A boundary element method to price time-dependent double barrier options

In this paper we propose a new method for pricing double-barrier options with moving barriers under the Black-Scholes and the CEV models. First of all, by applying a variational technique typical of the boundary element method, we derive an integral representation of the double-barrier option price in which two of the integrand functions are not given explicitly but must be obtained solving a system of Volterra integral equations of the first kind. Second, we develop an ad hoc numerical method to regularize and solve the system of integral equations obtained. Several numerical experiments are carried out showing that the overall algorithm is extraordinarily fast and accurate, even if the barriers are not differentiable functions. Moreover the numerical method presented in this paper performs significantly better than the finite difference approach.     

混合分数布朗运动下欧式期权模糊定价研究

本文采用混合分数布朗运动来刻画标的股票价格的动态变化,以此体现金融市场的长记忆性特征。在混合分数Black-Scholes模型的基础上, 基于标的股票价格、无风险利率和波动率均是模糊数的假定下,构建了欧式期权模糊定价模型。其次,分析了金融市场长记忆性的度量指标 Hurst指数H对欧式期权模糊定价模型的影响。最后,数值实验表明:考虑长记忆性特征得到的欧式期权模糊定价模型更符合实际。     

Approximate valuation of average options

This paper concerns the valuation of average options of European type where an investor has the right to buy the average of an asset price process over some time interval, as the terminal price, at a prespecified exercise price. A discrete model is first constructed and a recurrence formula is derived for the exact price of the discrete average call option. For the continuous average call option price, we derive some approximations and theoretical upper and lower bounds. These approximations are shown to be very accurate for at-the-money and in-the-money cases compared to the simulation results. The theoretical bounds can be used to provide useful information in pricing average options.