f.f.p.维数

本文对每个环R定义了同调维数l.f.f.p.D(R),并讨论了该维数与环的弱维数及整体维数之间的关系。同时刻画了l.f.f.p.D(R)为有限的环。此外还计算了可换凝聚局部环的维数f.f.p.D(R)。H.Bass的一个早期结果是本文一主要结果之推论。     

具有有限X-分解维数的模的同调性质

引入了左R-模M关于可解模类X以及内射余生成子W的同调维数.给出了M的X-分解维数有限的几种刻画,进而讨论了M的这两种维数之间的关系.研究了相对于有限W-分解维数的模的稳定性以及相对于模类X的模的稳定性.     

关于Gorenstein投射维数的一个注记

本文研究了Gorenstein投射维数的相关问题.利用经典同调维数的研究方法,给出了Gorenstein投射维数有限模的Gorenstein投射维数的一个刻画,并利用这一结果证明了Gorenstein完全环和Artin环的Gorenstein整体维数分别由各自的循环模和单模的Gorenstein投射维数来确定.这些结论丰富了Gorenstein同调代数理论.     

F.P.—维数的合冲定理

1984年,Ho Kuen Ng在[1]中给出了交换环与模的有限表现维数(简称为F.P.—维数)的定义及若干有意义的重要结果.从此,有限表现性的讨论成为环论的热门课题之一.作者在[2]中将有限表现维数推广到非交换环上.并利用有限表现维数刻划了凝聚环,在[3]中讨论了有限表现维数的换环定理.在[4]中讨论了笛卡尔方形上的有限表现维数.丁南庆在[5]中推广了有限表现维数,给出了一种新维数——模的有限生成维数,在[6]中讨论了有限表现模的对偶     

广义n-表现模

本文研究了模的投射维数与环的总体维数的计算问题.利用n-表现模的性质,得到了广义n-表现模的结构定理和右n-凝聚环的总体维数的计算方法,推广了已有的维数计算方法.     

ω-k-挠自由模与 ω-左逼近维数

引进了相对于一个双模 ω-的ω-k-挠自由模,用左add_R ω-逼近刻画了ω-k-挠自由模.引进了 ω-左逼近维数,描述了是k-挠自由模的k-合冲模的形式.     

正则环的投射根

研究了正则环上投射根的性质.证明了正则环的投射根左右对称,且模去投射根的正则环只有零投射根.给出了矩阵环及角落环投射根的计算式,并得到了投射根为零的正则环的一些刻画。最后讨论了投射根为零的正则环在各种环运算下的封闭性和正则环的MP-维数.     

有限表现维数与凝聚环

在本文中,我们从研究投射等价模的有限表现维数的关系入手,给出了有限表现维数的维数转移定理(定理2.5),并且运用有限表现维数刻划了凝聚环(定理2.4)。最后我们得到了在经典局部化下,环与模的有限表现维数的不变性定理(定理2.6,定理2.8)。     

整体维数与Hom的左导出函子

环R的右整体维数通常借助于Hom的右导出函子及右R-模的左投射分解来计算. 对于左凝聚右完全环R, 本文从另一个角度(即利用Hom的左导出函子及右R-模的右投射分解)刻画了环R的右整体维数. 证明了环R的右整体维数 rD(R)≤ n (n≥ 2)当且仅当右R-模范畴的右投射分解整体维数不超过n-2, 当且仅当任意右R-模的 第n-2个投射上合冲具有带惟一映射性质的投射包络, 当且仅当对任意两个右R-模N和M都有Ext_n-1(N,M)=0. 同时也证明了rD(R)≤ n (n≥ 1)当且仅当任意右R-模的第n-1个投射上合冲具有满的投射包络, 当且仅当任意右R-模的 第n个投射上合冲为投射模. 作为以上结果的推论, 刻画了右遗传环和右整体维数不超过2的环.     

ω-k-挠自由模与ω-左逼近维数

引进了相对于一个双模ω的ω-k-挠自由模,用左addR ω-逼近刻画了ω-k-挠自由模. 引进了ω-左逼近维数,描述了是k-挠自由模的k-合冲模的形式.     

Some new dimensions of modules and rings

We say that a class 𝒫 of right modules over a fixed ring R is an epic class if it is closed under homomorphic images. For an arbitrary epic class 𝒫, we define a 𝒫-dimension of modules that measures how far modules are from the modules in the class 𝒫. For an epic class 𝒫 consisting of indecomposable modules, first we characterize rings whose modules have 𝒫-dimension. In fact, we show that every right R-module has 𝒫-dimension if and only if R is a semisimple Artinan ring. Then we study fully Hopfian modules with 𝒫-dimension. In particular, we show that a commutative ring R with 𝒫-dimension (resp. finite 𝒫-dimension) is either local or Noetherian (resp. Artinian). Finally, we show that Mat_m(R) is a right Köthe ring for some m if and only if every (left) right module is a direct sum of modules of 𝒫-dimension at most n for some n, if and only if R is a pure semisimple ring.     

On Copure Projective Modules and Copure Projective Dimensions

Let R be any ring. A right R-module M is called n-copure projective if Ext¹(M, N) = 0 for any right R-module N with fd(N) ≤ n, and M is said to be strongly copure projective if Ext ⁱ (M, F) = 0 for all flat right R-modules F and all i ≥ 1. In this article, firstly, we present some general properties of n-copure projective modules and strongly copure projective modules. Then we define and investigate copure projective dimensions of modules and rings. Finally, more properties and applications of n-copure projective modules, strongly copure projective modules and copure projective dimensions are given over coherent rings with finite self-FP-injective dimension.     

Quadratic functors on pointed categories

We study polynomial functors of degree 2, called quadratic, with values in the category of abelian groups Ab, and whose source category is an arbitrary category C with null object such that all objects are colimits of copies of a generating object E which is small and regular projective; this includes all categories of models V of a pointed theory T. More specifically, we are interested in such quadratic functors F from C to Ab which preserve filtered colimits and suitable coequalizers.A functorial equivalence is established between such functors F:C→Ab and certain minimal algebraic data which we call quadratic C-modules: these involve the values on E of the cross-effects of F and certain structure maps generalizing the second Hopf invariant and the Whitehead product.Applying this general result to the case where E is a cogroup these data take a particularly simple form. This application extends results of Baues and Pirashvili obtained for C being the category of groups or of modules over some ring; here quadratic C-modules are equivalent with abelian square groups or quadratic R-modules, respectively.     

When Cyclic Modules Have Σ-Injective Hulls

Abstract

A theorem of Cartan-Eilenberg (Cartan, H., Eilenberg, S. (1956). Homological Algebra. Princeton: Princeton University Press, pp. 390.) states that a ring Ris right Noetherian iff every injective right module is Σ-incentive. The purpose of this paper is to study rings with the property, called right CSI, that, all cyclic right R-modules have Σ-injective hulls, i.e., injective hulls of cyclic right R-modules are Σ-injective. In this case, all finitely generated right R-modules have Σ-injective hulls, and this implies that Ris right Noetherian for a lengthy list of rings, most notably, for Rcommutative, or when Rhas at most finitely many simple right R-modules, e.g., when Ris semilocal. Whether all right CSIrings are Noetherian is an open question. However, if in addition, R/rad Ris either right Kasch or von Neuman regular (=VNR), or if all countably generated (sermisimple) right R-modules have Σ-injective hulls then the answer is affirmative. (See Theorem A.) We also prove the dual theorems for Δ-injective modules.     

Actions of monoidal categories and generalized Hopf smash products

Let R be a k-algebra, and a monoidal category. Assume given the structure of a -category on the category of left R-modules; that is, the monoidal category is assumed to act on the category by a coherently associative bifunctor . We assume that this bifunctor is right exact in its right argument. In this setup we show that every algebra A (respectively coalgebra C) in gives rise to an R-ring AR (respectively an R-coring CR) whose modules (respectively comodules) are the A-modules (respectively C-comodules) within the category . We show that this very general scheme for constructing (co)associative (co)rings gives conceptual explanations for the double of a quasi-Hopf algebra as well as certain doubles of Hopf algebras in braided categories, each time avoiding ad hoc computations showing associativity.     

t-Extending Modules and t-Baer Modules

We introduce the notions of “t-extending modules,” and “t-Baer modules,” which are generalizations of extending modules. The second notion is also a generalization of nonsingular Baer modules. We show that a homomorphic image (hence a direct summand) of a t-extending module and a direct summand of a t-Baer module inherits the property. It is shown that a module M is t-extending if and only if M is t-Baer and t-cononsingular. The rings for which every free right module is t-extending are called right Σ-t-extending. The class of right Σ-t-extending rings properly contains the class of right Σ-extending rings. Among other equivalent conditions for such rings, it is shown that a ring R is right Σ-t-extending, if and only if, every right R-module is t-extending, if and only if, every right R-module is t-Baer, if and only if, every nonsingular right R-module is projective. Moreover, it is proved that for a ring R, every free right R-module is t-Baer if and only if Z ₂(R _R ) is a direct summand of R and every submodule of a direct product of nonsingular projective R-modules is projective.     

Another type of dimensions of modules and rings

Abstract

We say that a class Q of left R-modules is a monic class if a nonzero submodule of a module in Q is also a module in Q. For a monic class Q, we define a Q-dimension of modules that measures how far modules are from the modules in Q. For a monic class Q of indecomposable modules we characterize rings whose modules have Q-dimension. We prove that for an artinian principal ideal ring the Q-dimension coincides with the uniserial dimension. We also characterize when every module has Q-dimension.     

Rings Whose Modules Have Grade Zero

In this paper, we prove that R is a two-sided Artinian ring and J is a right annihilator ideal if and only if (i) for any nonzero right module, there is a nonzero linear map from it to a projective module; (ii) every submodule of RR is not a radical module for some right coherent rings. We call a ring a right X ring if Homa(M, R) = 0 for any right module M implies that M = 0. We can prove some left Goldie and right X rings are right Artinian rings. Moreover we characterize semisimple rings by using X rings. A famous Faith‘s conjecture is whether a semipimary PF ring is a QF ring. Similarly we study the relationship between X rings and QF and get many interesting results.     

Quasi Co-Hopfian Modules and Applications

We carry out an extensive study of modules M _R with the property that M/f(M) is singular for all injective endomorphisms f of M. Such modules called “quasi co-Hopfian”, generalize co-Hopfian modules. It is shown that a ring R is semisimple if and only if every quasi co-Hopfian R-module is co-Hopfian. Every module contains a unique largest fully invariant quasi co-Hopfian submodule. This submodule is determined for some modules including the semisimple ones. Over right nonsingular rings several equivalent conditions to being quasi co-Hopfian are given. Modules with all submodules quasi co-Hopfian are called “completely quasi co-Hopfian” (cqcH). Over right nonsingular rings and over certain right Noetherian rings, it is proved that every finite reduced rank module is cqcH. For a right nonsingular ring which is right semi-Artinian (resp. right FBN) the class of cqcH modules is the same as the class of finite reduced rank modules if and only if there are only finitely many isomorphism classes of nonsingular R-modules which are simple (resp. indecomposable injective).     

Rings Over Which the Class of Gorenstein Flat Modules is Closed Under Extensions

A ring R is called left “GF-closed”, if the class of all Gorenstein flat left R-modules is closed under extensions. The class of left GF-closed rings includes strictly the one of right coherent rings and the one of rings of finite weak dimension.

In this article, we investigate the Gorenstein flat dimension over left GF-closed rings. Namely, we generalize the fact that the class of all Gorenstein flat left modules is projectively resolving over right coherent rings to left GF-closed rings. Also, we generalize the characterization of Gorenstein flat left modules (then of Gorenstein flat dimension of left modules) over right coherent rings to left GF-closed rings. Finally, using direct products of rings, we show how to construct a left GF-closed ring that is neither right coherent nor of finite weak dimension.