一个采购问题的未确知规划模型

利用未确知信息的数学理论,以采购问题为实例,建立了一个含未确知状态变量的采购问题的未确知规划模型,并求出了未确知期望最小这一意义下的最优解,最后对模型求解的算法进行了讨论。     

未确知有理数的定义、运算及在建筑工程中的应用

本文从实数的基本用法入手,将实数进行推广,引入了最常用的未确知数——未确知有理数的概念和运算,进而研究了它在建筑工程上的应用。     

未确知RBF神经网络及其在故障诊断中的应用

建立未确知RBF神经网络.特点是:综合了未确知系统与神经网络的优点,充分利用已知样本所提供的先验信息,给出了期望输出隶属度的计算方法,网络输出合理且具有良好的可解释性.将未确知RBF神经网络应用于故障诊断领域,取得了很好的效果.     

未确知有理数在结构可靠性分析中的应用

在结构可靠性分析中,结构抗力和作用效应受许多未确知因素的影响.通过引入未确知数学对这些未确知因素进行了处理,对结构可靠性进行了分析和计算.最后不仅给出了结果的数值,而且给出了相应的可信度,整个计算过程简洁,是结构可靠性分析的比较符合实际的、更有效的计算方法.     

基于指标分类权重与未确知测度的装备战场损伤等级评估模型

成功的战场抢修是战斗力的"倍增器",而快速、准确的战场损伤评估是战场抢修决策和战场态势预测的前提.针对战场损伤评估中的未确知性,首先引入专家可信度对指标值进行处理;其次,通过指标本身输出的信息熵客观地确定指标的分类权重;接着在未确知数学理论及算法基础上给出了一种新的装备战场损伤等级评估模型,最后对某火炮的战损等级情况进行评判.结果表明:模型不仅能够组合多个损伤因素的估计问题,而且能够处理由不确定性信息导致的未确知性,并给出未知信息的置信度,较准确地反映了装备战场损伤程度,是装备战场损伤等级评估的一种有效工具.     

基于未确知有理数的施工网络研究

提出未确知有理数用于施工网络计划,介绍未确知有理数概念、运算、未确知期望.建立未确知施工网络计划,提出未确知施工网络计划关键线路计算模型,确定关键线路和未确知施工工期.讨论不确定性网络计划的研究.     

工程项目工期预测的未确知模型

介绍了未确知有理数概念、运算、未确知期望,并提出了应用未确知有理数进行工程项目工期估算.由于工程项目管理涉及众多的工序,而各个工序的持续时间又是不确定的,因此,应用未确知有理数于工程项目网络图,可以得到的比传统的工程项目工期预测方法更满意、更合理的结果.     

未确知测度区间评价理论及其应用

根据未确知测度理论,提出未确知测度区间的概念,建立未确知测度区间评价模型,并获得较为成功的应用.     

未确知集

分析了模糊集与R ough集两种不确定性集合的异同,指出模糊集中存在的不足和缺陷,在此基础上定义一种新的不确定性集合称作未确知集.在未确知集中模糊集的不足与缺陷得到弥补与修正,并且未确知集具有普通集合的含义.通过分析未确知集与模糊集的相同点及本质区别来论证未确知集存在与值得研究的价值.最后例举了常用的未确知隶属函数的构造方法.     

企业并购中风险的识别与评估研究

为准确识别、度量和降低企业并购风险,在对企业并购因素进行识别和定性分析基础上,建立了一套较全面的企业并购风险多层次评估指标体系,同时利用未确知理论给出了一种适合企业并购特点的未确知测度风险评估模型.模型结构严谨、精细,并通过实例验证了该评估模型的科学有效性.     

不确定性量化法与不确定性决策

以不确定性信息的数学处理理论即不确定性数学理论为基础 ,阐述了专家意见的不确定性量化法 ,进而创立了不确定性决策模型 .最后通过举例 ,详细地演示了不确定性决策模型的建立过程 .     

Factors shaping mathematics lecturers’ service teaching in different departments

In this article we focus on university lecturers’ approaches to the service teaching and factors that influence their approaches. We present data obtained from the interviews with 19 mathematics and three physics lecturers along with the observations of two mathematics lecturers’ calculus courses. The findings show that lecturers’ approaches to teaching the same topic vary across departments; that is, they consciously privilege different aspects of mathematics, set different questions on examinations and follow different textbooks while teaching in different departments. We discuss factors influencing lecturers’ decision of what (mathematics) to teach in different departments and offer educational implications for service mathematics teaching in terms of students’ mathematical needs and the role of mathematics for client students.     

Game and decision theory in mathematics education: epistemological, cognitive and didactical perspectives

In the 1950s, game and decision theoretic modeling emerged—based on applications in the social sciences—both as a domain of mathematics and interdisciplinary fields. Mathematics educators, such as Hans Georg Steiner, utilized game theoretical modeling to demonstrate processes of mathematization of real world situations that required only elementary intuitive understanding of sets and operations. When dealing with n-person games or voting bodies, even students of the 11th and 12th grade became involved in what Steiner called the evolution of mathematics from situations, building of mathematical models of given realities, mathematization, local organization and axiomatization. Thus, the students could participate in processes of epistemological evolutions in the small scale. This paper introduces and discusses the epistemological, cognitive and didactical aspects of the process and the roles these activities can play in the learning and understanding of mathematics and mathematical modeling. It is suggested that a project oriented study of game and decision theory can develop situational literacy, which can be of interest for both mathematics education and general education.     

Cross-curriculum applications of mathematics

In Australia applications of mathematics in other curriculum contexts are located within the jurisdiction of mathematics courses. That is mathematics reaches out, but the applications are decided by mathematics personnel rather than designed in collaboration with subject experts from other areas. This may be achieved either by school-based decision making, or by means of a common application or investigation set at a state level. Examples from both approaches are provided in the paper. Tertiary mathematicians support the introduction of applications, but university training of applied mathematicians has not as yet linked closely with the increased emphasis introduced at secondary level.     

模糊决策在航空维修工程中的应用

本文以模糊数学和规划论为工具，对航空维修工程中一类决策问题的决策方法进行了探讨，给出了具有普遍意义的建模思想，通过实例分析，证明了这种方法的可行性和先进性。     

基于联系数贴近度的区间数多属性决策方法

利用集对分析和联系数学理论对区间数多属性决策方法进行了研究.首先给出了联系数贴近度的定义和性质;然后在将区间数决策矩阵转化为联系数决策矩阵的基础上,依据传统的逼近理想解的排序方法(TOPSIS)的基本思路,基于联系数贴近度提出了一种区间数多属性决策新方法.该方法简洁直观,易于计算,无需对区间数进行排序;最后,通过算例表明了它的有效性和实用性.     

Recent Mathematical Developments in Decision Analysis

Decision analysts use mathematics in two conceptually distinct,though often practically indistinguishable, ways. Firstly, theyuse mathematics to define and explore the implications of thebehavioural assumptions upon which their models are based. Secondly,decision analysts use numerical calculations, and there is aneed to perform those calculations accurately and efficiently.Recent developments in decision analysis have needed mathematicsin both respects. New methodologies and models based upon weakerassumptions than those implicit in subjective expected utilitytheory have been proposed, and debate continues on the valueof these. The calculations required in the application of mostmethodologies are mathematically simple, but the investigationof the sensitivity of these calculations to variations in theinput data is often far from simple. Only with recent advancesin computing power has it become possible to consider undertakingfull sensitivity analyses, which may require the solution ofvery many mathematical programs, some of which may be nonconvex.     

基于可信性测度的模糊线性不等式组的确定性等价

在模糊优化决策问题中,约束条件包含模糊线性不等式组.如何把它们转化为确定性的等价形式,这在模糊控制和模糊决策中起着重要的作用.可信性测度是模糊数学实现公理化体系的一个基础.本文在可信性测度的基础上,探讨了模糊约束在一定的满意度水平之下转化为确定性的等价式,同时就三角形模糊变量给出了模糊线性不等式组的确定性等价的具体表达式.     

Mathematics,social decisions and the Law†

A number of examples are given on the uses and limitations of mathematical techniques in legal decision making. These examples are of interest in themselves, but they can also provide some insights into the proper role of mathematics in connection with other complex social issues.