随机环境中马氏链状态的各种常返性与暂留性

考虑到随机环境中马氏链的状态在受到环境因素各种条件的影响下,引入了随机环境中马氏链状态的各种常返性与暂留性概念,讨论了这些常返性与暂留性的相互关系,从而说明随机环境中马氏链状态的常返性与暂留性和经典马氏链状态的常返性与暂留性有着显著的区别.     

双无限随机环境中马氏链的暂留性

借鉴确定环境中马氏链暂留性的定义,在随机环境中马氏链的研究领域,引入了各种暂留性的概念,在确定环境中这些暂留性是等价的,而在随机环境中它们不等价.讨论了各类暂留性之间的相互关系及其基本性质,给出了链和状态是暂留的一些判别准则.     

双无限环境中马氏链的常返和暂留性

证明了常返和暂留是一对互斥概念,如果→X是π-不可约的且π是平稳的,则各种常返、暂留概念是等价的,讨论了暂留与非本质的等价性问题.     

半狄氏型的暂留性

本文给出半狄氏型，狄氏型和保正型的暂留性的概念，并讨论它们的有关性质。     

带形上近临界随机游动的常返暂留性

本文研究带形上的近临界随机游动,借助游动常返暂留性判别准则的显式表达,通过带扰动的线性差分系统的解的渐近性理论,以及矩阵的范数性质,在扰动矩阵不同的阶的条件下,给出了游动常返暂留性的判别.     

关于一般马尔可夫过程轨道常返性及暂留性

本文讨论了一般马尔可夫过程轨道常返性及暂留性，得到了一般马尔可夫过程轨道点常返及区域常返的一些判别准则。     

随机环境中有界跳幅随机游动常返性暂留性的另一证明

假定环境是平稳遍历的,对具有有限跳幅的随机环境中的随机游动,该文给出了其常返性暂留性的另一证明.Bremont(2002)的文章中,通过计算逃逸概率的方法给出了证明,而该文的证明采用了鞅收敛定理的方法.     

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从随机环境中分枝过程是随机环境中马氏链入手, 讨论了随机环境中分枝过程状态的暂留性、常返性以及灭绝概率的性质.     

一致椭圆扩散过程的几类极大游程

本文研究了暂留一致椭圆扩散过程，利用强Markov性，求出了在首中此球之前、末离此球之前和在首中此球与末离此球之间过程的几类极大游程的分布的估计，推广了文献、相关的结果．     

暂留对称扩散过程全占据时的大偏差

本文讨论暂留对称扩散过程的全占据时的大偏差．我们证明在一致椭圆条件下,暂留对称扩散过程的全占据时满足大偏差原理．     

Thermal models for copper-alloyed dies in pressure die casting

A recent innovation in pressure die casting is the use of copper-alloyed dies suitably protected with a thermally sprayed steel layer. The thermal response of copper-alloyed dies is dictated principally by the deposited layer, the cooling arrangement and the casting geometry. This paper is concerned with the development of efficient numerical models for the prediction of both steady-state and transient thermal behaviour of the new die designs. Die temperatures are cyclic but useful information is obtained from a steady-state model, which provides for time-averaged temperatures and energy fluxes. The modelling strategy presented in the paper involves the indirect determination of transient temperatures. A perturbation approach is adopted, where a model for the difference between transient and steady-state temperature is developed. It is shown that this approach can be utilised to determine transient temperature efficiently once steady-state information is available with the transient perturbation model only involving surfaces where a significant variation in temperature occurs.     

不同索力斜拉索的主共振瞬时相频特性

考虑拉索垂度及几何非线性,研究了不同索力拉索的瞬时相频特性。利用斜拉索面内分布激励下的运动控制方程,采用多尺度法对微分方程进行摄动求解,分别得到面内、外主共振响应的近似解析式,再采用Hilbert变换得到响应与激励的瞬时相位差及其幅值。研究了不同索力下,响应与激励的瞬时相位差的变化规律及其原因。研究表明:面外主共振响应与激励间保持恒定的相位差,而面内响应与激励的瞬时相位差与索弹性参数和垂度等有关,微小的索力变化可能导致瞬时相频特性的明显改变。主要原因是面内响应的近似解中存在两倍频项和漂移项,前者使响应瞬时相位在单个周期内出现两次正负交替,后者决定面内响应与激励瞬时相位差的最大值及其变化规律。     

Transient piezothermoelastic analysis of a cross-ply laminated cylindrical panel bonded to a piezoelectric actuator

In this study, the theoretical treatment of transient piezothermoelastic problem is developed for a cross-ply laminated cylindrical panel bonded to a piezoelectric actuator due to nonuniform heat supply. By using the exact solutions for cross-ply laminate and piezoelectric layer of crystal class mm2, the theoretical analysis of a transient piezothermoelasticity is developed for a simple supported cylindrical composite panel under the state of plane strain. Analysis of a piezothermoelastic problem leads to an appropriate electric potential applied to the piezoelectric layer which suppresses the induced thermoelastic displacement in the radial direction at the midpoint on the free surface of the cross-ply laminate. Some numerical results for the temperature change, the displacement, the stress in a transient state when the transient thermoelastic displacement is controlled are shown in figures.     

Transient modelling of flow distribution in automotive catalytic converters

The transient catalytic converter performance is governed by complex interactions between exhaust gas flow and the monolithic structure of the catalytic converter. Therefore, during typical operating conditions of interest, one has to take into account the effect of the inlet diffuser on the flow field at the entrance. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) is a powerful tool for calculating the flow field inside the catalytic converter. Radial velocity profiles, obtained by a commercial CFD code, present very good agreement with respective experimental results published in the literature. However the applicability of CFD for transient simulations is limited by the high CPU demands.The present study proposes an alternative computational method for the prediction of transient flow fields in axi-symmetric converters time-efficiently. The method is based on the use of equivalent flow resistances to simulate the flow paths in the inlet and outlet catalyst sections. The proposed flow resistance modelling (FRM) method is validated against the results of CFD predictions over a wide range of operating conditions. Apart from the apparent CPU advantages, the proposed methodology can be readily coupled with already available transient models for the chemical reactions in the catalyst. A transient model for heat transfer inside the monolith is presented. An example of coupling between FRM and transient heat transfer inside the converter is included. This example illustrates the effect of flow distribution in the thermal response of a catalytic converter, during the critical phase of catalytic converter warm-up.     

Transient solutions in Markovian queues: An algorithm for finding them and determining their waiting-time distributions

An algorithm for finding transient solutions in Markovian queues is given and it is applied to find transient solutions for the M/M/1 queue. This algorithm can also be applied to solve waiting-time problems as is shown by an example.     

层流管流入口压力突然升高引起的水力瞬变的理论分析

研究了层流状态下管道入口压力突然升高引起的水力瞬变过程,建立了瞬态压力分布的偏微分方程和初边值条件,用分离变量法求得了压力的理论解．根据压力和流量间的约束关系,得到了关于流量的偏微分方程和初边值条件,用分离变量求得了瞬变过程流量分布理论解．最后,用特征线法(MOC)对该问题进行了数值求解,理论解和数值解吻合很好．     

An optimization technique for the transient response of passively stable satellites

The principal result of this paper is an analytical technique for optimizing the transient response characteristics for a class of passively stabilized satellites in the presence of practical design parameter constraints. The technique developed is directed at linearized models and is treated in detail only for quartic characteristic equations. The results, even for the special case treated, are sufficiently broad to provide a generalization of some techniques which have appeared in the literature. Briefly, it is shown that certain coalescent root configuration represent a hierarchy of transient optima, and conditions are derived which give the optimum transient characteristics as functions of the available variable system parameters.     

激光熔凝加工中瞬时温度场数值模拟

以激光熔凝表面强韧化处理为背景,应用空间弹塑性有限单元和高精度数值算法同时考虑材料组织性能的变化模拟工件的温度场,主要研究激光熔凝加工中瞬时温度场数值模拟,同时考虑相变潜热的影响,为第二步热应力场及残余应力的数值模拟做准备．用算例验证了模型的正确性,最后给出了激光熔凝加工不同时刻温度场分布．     

Laws of iterated logarithm for transient random walks in random environments

We consider laws of iterated logarithm for one-dimensional transient random walks in random environments. A quenched law of iterated logarithm is presented for transient random walks in general ergodic random environments, including independent identically distributed environments and uniformly ergodic environments.     

Role of ergodicity in the transient Fluctuation Relation and a new relation for a dissipative non-chaotic map

Toy model dynamical systems, such as the baker maps, are useful to shed light on some of the conditions verified by deterministic models in non-equilibrium statistical physics. We investigate a 2D dynamical system, enjoying a weak form of reversibility, with peculiar basins of attraction and steady states. In particular, we test the conditions required for the validity of the transient Fluctuation Relation. Our analysis illustrates by means of concrete examples why ergodicity of the equilibrium dynamics (also known as “ergodic consistency”) seems to be a necessary condition for the transient Fluctuation Relation. This investigation then leads to the numerical verification of a kind of transient relation which, differently from the usual transient Fluctuation Relation, holds only asymptotically. At the same time, this relation is not a steady state Fluctuation Relation, because the steady state is a fixed point without fluctuations.