乙酰丙酮氧钼催化的苯乙烯双羟化反应

以钼酸铵与乙酰丙酮反应生成催化剂乙酰丙酮氧钼MoO2(acac)2,考察了反应溶剂、氧化剂存在形式、不同助催化剂、反应温度、底物配比和催化剂量对苯乙烯双羟化反应的影响。在优化的反应条件下,以过氧叔丁醇为氧化剂得到苯乙烯双羟化反应的转化率、化学选择性和分离产率分别为85.2%、70.7%和53.3%。并探讨了可能的催化机理以及改进方向。     

聚对羟基苯乙烯单体的中间体——对特丁氧酰氧基苯乙烯合成方法的改进

通过改进反应溶剂,用Wittig反应合成了对特丁氧酰氧基苯乙烯,以中性Al2O3为固定相,正己烷为流动相,采用普通液相色谱分离提纯了混合产物,改进简化了分离方法。结果表明,所得目标产物对特丁氧酰氧基苯乙烯纯度达99%以上,产率为60%~70%,中间产物对特丁氧酰氧基苯甲醛可以定量合成,反应的副产物主要是三苯基氧化膦。对目标产物、中间产物和一些反应副产物进行了红外和核磁共振分析。     

金属次卟啉二甲酯催化氧化苯乙烯制苯甲醛

将金属次卟啉二甲酯用作叔丁基过氧化氢（TBHP）氧化苯乙烯制苯甲醛的催化剂。 考察了催化剂、氧化剂用量、反应温度、时间、溶剂和不同金属次卟啉二甲酯[M(DPDME)]对苯乙烯转化率及苯甲醛选择性的影响,初步探索了反应机理。 结果表明,金属次卟啉二甲酯能够顺利地选择性催化氧化苯乙烯生成苯甲醛。 以0.002 mmol锰次卟啉二甲酯[ClMn(DPDME)]为催化剂,0.4 mmol TBHP为氧化剂,1 mmol苯乙烯为底物,5 mL CH3CN/H2O(体积比4∶1)为溶剂,反应温度75 ℃,常压反应20 h,苯乙烯的转化率达到98.3%,苯甲醛的选择性为92.7%。     

PdCl2—CuCl2—PPh3催化剂立体选择催化烯烃氢酯基化反应

研究了以ＰｄＣｌ２－ＣｕＣｌ２－ＰＰｈ３为催化剂体系，甲基乙基酮、乙二醇二甲醚为溶剂，苯乙烯与一氧化碳及甲醇立体选择生成２－苯基丙酸酯的反应，对不同的催化剂前体催化烯烃氢酯基化反应进行了研究，得知ＣｕＣｌ２在此催化反应中起着立体控制作用，同时考察了影响反应的各种因素如溶剂、反应温度、反应压力、不同的膦配体等，实验结果表明，该反应的最佳条件是：反应温度８０℃，反应压力４．０－６．０ＭＰａ反应时间２４     

PdCl_2－CuCl_2－PPh_3催化剂立体选择催化烯烃氢酯基化反应

研究了以ＰｄＣｌ２－ＣｕＣｌ２－ＰＰｈ３为催化剂体系，甲基乙基酮、乙二醇二甲醚为溶剂，苯乙烯与一氧化碳及甲醇立体选择生成２－苯基丙酸甲酯的反应．对不同的催化剂前体催化烯烃氢酯基化反应进行了研究，得知ＣｕＣｌ２在此催化反应中起着立体控制作用．同时考察了影响反应的各种因素如溶剂、反应温度、反应压力、不同的膦配体等．实验结果表明，该反应的最佳条件是：反应温度８０℃，反应压力４．０—６．０ＭＰａ，反应时间２４ｈ，最好的溶剂是乙二醇二甲醚及甲基乙基酮．利用该催化剂体系对不同结构的烯烃催化反应进行了研究，发现该体系仅仅对苯乙烯类有较高的立体选择催化活性     

改性VPO催化剂选择性催化氧化苯乙烯合成苯甲醛

以30%H2O2为氧化剂,金属助剂改性VPO为催化剂选择性氧化苯乙烯合成苯甲醛.研究了金属助剂、反应时间、温度、溶剂、氧化剂的量等对反应的影响.结果表明,镍助剂修饰的VPO能显著提高苯甲醛选择性,在Ni-VPO催化剂用量为5%,n(苯乙烯)∶n(H2O2)=1∶2,乙腈做溶剂50℃反应6 h的最优条件下,苯乙烯转化率为80.6%,苯甲醛选择性74%.XRD、FT-IR、SEM对催化剂进行表征并提出了可能的反应机理.     

反气相色谱法测定苯乙烯-氧乙烯-苯乙烯三嵌段聚合物的表面能

 采用反气相色谱法测定了苯乙烯 氧乙烯 苯乙烯三嵌段聚合物 (PS PEO PS)的色散成分的表面能 (γsd) ,研究探讨了温度及嵌段聚合物链段结构组成对γsd 的影响 ,并确定了γsd 与温度的数学关系式。研究结果表明 :在 70℃～ 12 0℃范围内 ,PS PEO PS的表面能较低 ;随着PS PEO PS表面组成中氧乙烯 (EO)成分的增加 ,色散成分的γsd 增大 ,且对温度的变化极其敏感 :随温度的升高 ,γsd 急剧地呈线性下降。     

改性VPO催化剂催化温和条件下苯乙烯液相选择性氧化

以苯乙烯为原料,分子氧为氧化剂,改性的钒磷氧化物为催化剂合成环氧苯乙烷.研究了金属修饰成分、P/V比率、溶剂和温度等因素对反应性能的影响.结果表明,Ag-VPO催化剂对环氧苯乙烷具有最好的选择性,在P/V=1、乙腈为溶剂、65℃的反应条件下,苯乙烯转化率为47.3%,环氧苯乙烷选择性达98.0%.     

对特丁氧酰氧基苯乙烯的制备新方法

对特丁氧酰氧基苯乙烯;α-溴代反应;β-消除反应     

溶剂对聚(苯乙烯-环氧乙烷)嵌段大单体与某些烯基单体自由基共聚活性的影响

本文研究了溶剂对聚(苯乙烯-环氧乙烷)嵌段大单体(Poly(St-b-EO)-MAMacromer)与苯乙烯(St)、甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MMA)、甲基丙烯酸(MA)自由基共聚活性的影响。其共聚活性同时受溶剂的介电常数(ε)、增长活性链与溶剂二者溶度参数差值(△σ)的影响,并存在一定的线性关系。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

A general and convenient synthesis of 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones and their use in amidoalkylation of hydrogen,heteroatom, and carbon nucleophiles

A general synthesis of previously unknown semicarbazone-based α-amidoalkylating reagents, 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones, has been developed. The synthesis involved three-component condensation of semicarbazones of aliphatic or aromatic aldehydes with the same or other aldehydes and p-toluenesulfinic acid. The scope and limitations of this reaction were investigated. The compounds obtained were demonstrated to be an efficient α-(4-semicarbazono)alkylating agents. They were reacted with H- (sodium borohydride), O- (sodium methylate), S- (sodium phenylthiolate), N- (pyrrolidine, sodium succinimide), P- (trialkyl phosphites), and C-nucleophiles (sodium diethyl malonate) to give the corresponding products of the tosyl group substitution, 4-substituted semicarbazones, including analogues of nitrofurazone. Among the prepared compounds tested in vitro for antibacterial and antifungal activity, three nitrofuryl-containing semicarbazones exhibited high biological activities with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 8–32 μg/mL.     

Synthesis of novel chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-N-heterocyclic carbene ligands and their application in palladium-catalyzed Mizoroki–Heck couplings and asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde

A small library of new chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-imidazolium salts 1 is conveniently synthesized on multi-gram scale from inexpensive and commercially available chiral pool amino acids. The corresponding carbenes, generated by deprotonation of imidazolium salts 1, in combination with palladium(II) chloride were tested in the Mizoroki–Heck coupling reaction. The most significant results in terms of yields and reactivities were achieved with low catalyst loading. The catalytic activities of these imidazolium salts were also investigated in the asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde. The use of MgO nanoparticles as an additive in conjunction with these ligands played a crucial role in increasing the efficiency of these reactions.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.