高效液相色谱法同时测定化妆品中的10种合成着色剂

建立了高效液相色谱同时测定化妆品中颜料橙5、酸性黄36、颜料红53、酸性紫49、罗丹明B、溶剂蓝35、苏丹红Ⅱ、苏丹红Ⅳ、分散黄3和颜料红57等10种合成着色剂的方法。用四氢呋喃(THF)、二甲基亚砜(DMSO)和甲醇对样品进行分步超声辅助萃取、离心净化后,在Eclipse XDB-C₁₈(150 mm×4.6 mm, 5 μm)色谱柱上分离。用乙腈-0.02 mol/L乙酸铵溶液(用乙酸调pH至4.60)作为流动相进行梯度洗脱,二极管阵列检测器(DAD)检测。在0.5~20.0 mg/L范围内,10种着色剂的峰面积与质量浓度呈线性关系,相关系数(r)大于0.999;定量限(LOQ)为10~20 mg/kg。在3个添加水平的回收率均在92.9%~108.8%之间,相对标准偏差(RSD)为0.5%~6.1%(n=6)。该方法简便、快速、灵敏,适合油状、粉状和膏状化妆品中禁限用着色剂的定量检测。     

分散固相萃取结合液相色谱-串联质谱法测定饲料中8种脂溶性着色剂

建立了饲料中8种脂溶性着色剂(对位红、苏丹红Ⅰ、苏丹红Ⅱ、苏丹红Ⅲ、苏丹红Ⅳ、苏丹红7B、苏丹红G、苏丹黄)含量的液相色谱-串联质谱测定方法。饲料样品中脂溶性着色剂经乙腈提取,离心后上清液采用分散固相萃取净化,净化液稀释后进行LC-MS/MS分析。样品测定时采用Acquity BEH C18色谱柱进行色谱分离,以0.2%甲酸溶液-乙腈作为流动相进行梯度洗脱,电喷雾正离子(ESI+)模式电离,多反应监测(MRM)模式检测,同位素稀释内标法定量。8种脂溶性着色剂在1.0~200μg/L范围内线性关系良好,相关系数(r~2)均大于0.998;在饲料中的方法检出限为5.0μg/kg,定量下限为10μg/kg。在10,50,500μg/kg加标浓度下8种脂溶性着色剂的回收率为102%~111%,批内相对标准偏差(RSD)为2.8%~8.0%,批间RSD为2.8%~7.8%。该方法能满足饲料样品中脂溶性着色剂监控的需要。     

高效液相色谱法同时测定化妆品中14种禁用着色剂

采用高效液相色谱建立了同时测定化妆品中14种禁用着色剂(吖啶黄、溶剂蓝35、溶剂红49、酸性紫49、氯化四甲基副玫瑰苯胺、颜料橙5、颜料红53、氯化五甲基副玫瑰苯胺、苏丹红Ⅱ、氯化六甲基副玫瑰苯胺、苏丹红Ⅳ、罗丹明B、分散黄3、苏丹红Ⅰ)的分析方法。待测化妆品样品经四氢呋喃分散,并对目标物进行提取后,用含有醋酸铵的甲醇-水混合溶液将基质析出,提取液经离心过滤后,以10 mmol/L的醋酸铵溶液-乙腈作为流动相在Agilent poroshell 120 EC-C18(2.7μm,3.0 mm×100 mm)色谱柱上梯度洗脱进行分离,检测波长为416,514,590 nm。以目标物的色谱保留时间和紫外光谱图进行定性,以色谱峰的峰面积用标准曲线外标法进行定量。在优化条件下,各目标物的线性范围为0.2~20μg/mL,相关系数均大于0.999。14种禁用着色剂的定量下限为3~10μg/g。在低、中、高3个加标水平下,各目标物的回收率为91.3%~110.9%,相对标准偏差(RSD)均低于10%。方法准确、简便、灵敏、可靠,可用于化妆品中此14种禁用着色剂的定量测定。     

高效液相色谱-串联质谱法同时测定化妆品中14种禁用着色剂

采用液相色谱-质谱联用法建立了同时测定化妆品中14种禁用着色剂(吖啶黄、酸性紫49、溶剂红49、溶剂蓝35、氯化四甲基副玫瑰苯胺、氯化五甲基副玫瑰苯胺、氯化六甲基副玫瑰苯胺、颜料橙5、颜料红53、苏丹红Ⅰ、苏丹红Ⅱ、苏丹红Ⅳ、罗丹明B、分散黄3)的分析方法。待测样品经四氢呋喃分散,并对目标物进行提取后,用含有醋酸铵的甲醇-水混合溶液将基质析出,提取液离心过滤后,以10 mmol/L醋酸铵-乙腈作为流动相在Agilent poroshell 120 EC-C18(2.7μm,3.0 mm×50 mm)色谱柱上梯度洗脱进行分离,以色谱峰的峰面积用标准曲线外标法进行定量。在优化条件下,各目标物的线性范围为0.01~1.0μg/m L,相关系数均大于0.999。14种禁用着色剂的定量下限为0.05~0.5μg/g。在低、中、高3个加标水平下,各目标物的回收率为85.4%~106.3%,相对标准偏差(RSD)均低于10%。方法准确、简便、灵敏、可靠,可用于化妆品中此14种禁用着色剂的定量测定。     

化妆品中5种禁用着色剂的高效液相色谱检测及质谱确证

建立了高效液相色谱测定化妆品中酸性黄36、颜料红53∶1、颜料橙5、苏丹红Ⅱ和苏丹红Ⅳ5种禁用着色剂的分析方法.考察了着色剂使用率较高的蜡质类、固体粉类和液体类基质化妆品中着色剂的最佳提取条件.在流动相中添加离子对试剂四丁基氢氧化铵调节着色剂的色谱保留,使之达到完全分离,最佳色谱条件为:以依利特Hypersil C18(4.6 mm×250 mm,5μm)色谱柱分离,流动相为乙腈-0.01 mol/L四丁基氢氧化铵/0.01 mol/L柠檬酸缓冲溶液(pH 8.2),梯度洗脱,流速1.0 mL/min,柱温30℃,检测波长416、484、514 nm.考察了蜡质类、固体粉类和液体类等不同基质化妆品中着色剂的回收率和精密度.在0.2 ～50mg/L范围内,5种禁用着色剂的线性关系良好,相关系数(r)均大于0.999,仪器检出限(S/N=3)为0.2～0.5 mg/L.采用高效液相色谱-串联质谱法对5种禁用着色剂进行确证,在低、中、高3个添加水平下,5种禁用着色剂的平均回收率为85％～ 102％,相对标准偏差为0.5％ ～ 3.6％.该方法准确、简便、快速,可用于化妆品中上述5种禁用着色剂的测定.     

液相色谱-串联质谱法测定虾肉中7种非食用色素的残留量

提出了液相色谱-串联质谱法测定虾肉中7种非食用色素的残留量。样品经过乙腈提取、正己烷脱脂、无水硫酸钠干燥和硅胶固相萃取柱净化。以Agilent Eclipse XDB-C8色谱柱为分离柱,采用电喷雾离子源多反应监测模式检测。采用同位素内标法定量。酸性橙2、颜料红53和酸性金黄G的线性范围在100μg·L-1以内,其余4种色素的线性范围在10μg·L-1以内。酸性橙2、颜料红53和酸性金黄G的测定下限(10S/N)为5μg·kg-1,其余4种色素的测定下限(10S/N)为0.5μg·kg-1。以空白样品为基体进行加标回收试验,所得回收率在53.8%~106%之间,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=6)在2.1%~11%之间。     

高效液相色谱-串联质谱法同时检测化妆品中6种禁用着色剂

建立了高效液相色谱-串联质谱(HPLC-MS/MS)同时测定膏状和粉状化妆品中苏丹红IV、酸性紫49、苏丹蓝2、溶剂红49、碱性紫1和颜料橙5等6种禁用着色剂的检测方法。样品经乙醇-乙腈(3:2, v/v)超声振荡提取20 min、离心净化及氮吹浓缩后,在Luna C18色谱柱(150 mm×2.1 mm, 5 μm)上进行反相液相色谱分离,以甲醇和10 mmol/L乙酸铵溶液为流动相进行梯度洗脱,采用多反应监测(MRM)模式进行质谱测定。根据保留时间及质谱图上特征离子的相对丰度比进行定性,外标法定量。结果表明: 6种着色剂的定量限(信噪比为10计)为0.1～10 μg/kg,回收率为86.67%～98.22%,相对标准偏差(RSD)为4.01%～7.01%。该方法简便、快速、灵敏度高且重现性好,适合于化妆品中禁用着色剂的定性与定量。     

高效液相色谱-二极管阵列检测法同时测定糖果中11种脂溶性着色剂

建立了一种简单、快速同时测定糖果中苏丹橙G、甲基黄、对位红、柑桔红2号、苏丹红G、苏丹Ⅰ、苏丹Ⅱ、苏丹Ⅲ、苏丹红7B、苏丹红B和苏丹Ⅳ11种脂溶性着色剂的分析方法。样品经乙酸乙酯提取,用高效液相色谱-二极管阵列检测法(HPLC-DAD)测定,外标法定量。结果表明,11种目标着色剂在0.02~1.0mg/L范围呈良好线性,线性相关系数均大于0.999。定量限(S/N≥10)为10μg/kg,在10、20、40μg/kg 3个添加水平下的平均回收率为79.6%~97.6%,相对标准偏差为2.66%~6.76%。该方法稳定、可靠,适用于糖果中上述11种着色剂的测定。     

超高效液相色谱法测定脐橙中橘红2号和苏丹红

采用超高效液相色谱法同时测定脐橙中的橘红2号和苏丹红染料。样品经乙腈超声提取,氨基固相萃取小柱净化后,用Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18色谱柱分离,以乙腈-水为流动相进行梯度洗脱,采用二极管阵列检测器检测,检测波长分别为478 nm和515 nm。5种染料的质量浓度在0.20~20 mg·L-1范围内呈线性,检出限(3S/N)在0.31~0.53μg·kg-1之间。加标回收率在87.8%~99.4%之间,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=5)在0.54%~3.1%之间。     

聚合物整体柱固相萃取-高效液相色谱法同时测定食品中6种苏丹染料

以甲基丙烯酸丁酯为单体,乙二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯为交联剂,得到聚合物整体柱固相萃取小柱,将其用作固相萃取介质,结合高效液相色谱,分析测定辣椒粉和番茄酱中6种苏丹染料(对位红,苏丹I-IV和苏丹7B)。方法对6种苏丹染料在0.01~25μg/m L范围内呈良好线性关系,相关系数均高于0.9998。方法检出限为0.25~1.2μg/kg,在5,50和100μg/kg 3个加标浓度的平均回收率为80.5%~107.3%,相对标准偏差在5.3%~11%之间(n=6)。该整体柱对苏丹染料具有良好的净化和富集效果,同时,该萃取柱重现性良好,可以重复使用10次以上。     

Solvent extraction separation of In/III/-Tl/III/ and Hg/II/-Cd/II/-Co/II/ with sulphoxides

Solvent extraction studies have been made on some metals: In/III/-Tl/III/ and Hg/II/-Cd/II/-Co/II/, from ammonium thiocyanate solutions by dialkyl sulphoxides. Separation of these metals from one another can be achieved by suitable choice of the extracted conditions. The nature of the extractable metal species has been elucidated.     

Synthesis of chlorobis/β-diketonato/oxotechnetium/V/ and tris/β-diketonato/technetium/III/ complexes

Chlorobis/-diketonato/ oxotechnetium/V/ complexes [TcOCl/-dik/₂, -diketone=acetylacetone, benzoylacetone and dibenzoylmethane] were newly synthesized using macroamount of⁹⁹Tc. These complexes were further separated into geometrical isomers. Furthermore, an improvement of the yields for the syntheses of tris/-dike-tonato/technetium/III/ complexes [Tc/-dik/₃, -diketone=acetylacetone, benzoylacetone and 2-thenoyltrifluoroacetone] was examined using Tc/III/-thiourea complexes as a starting material.     

Simultaneous propane dehydrogenation andco2hydrogenation overCrOx/SiO2catalyst

Summary Single reverse water-gas shift (RWGS) and dehydrogenation of propane with CO₂(DH-CO₂) reactions in the presence and absence of the CrO_x/SiO₂ catalyst have been studied between 673 and 873 K. It was found that the CrO_x/SiO₂ catalyst is active both in the dehydrogenation of propane and in the RWGS reactions. The obtained results suggest that the dehydrogenation of propane to propene in the presence of CO₂on CrO_x/SiO₂can be facilitated by the RWGS reaction.</o:p>     

Direct synthesis of dimethyl carbonate ?from CH3OH AND CO2 by H3PW12O40/CexTi1-xO2 catalyst

Summary Ce_xTi_1-xO₂ and H₃PW₁₂O₄₀/Ce_xTi_1-xO₂ catalysts were prepared using a sol-gel method, and applied to the direct synthesis of dimethyl carbonate from methanol and carbon dioxide. H₃PW₁₂O₄₀/Ce_xTi_1-xO₂ showed a better catalytic performance than the corresponding Ce_xTi_1-xO₂, due to the bifunctional catalysis of Br?nsted acid sites (provided by H₃PW₁₂O₄₀) and base sites (provided by Ce_xTi_1-xO₂). H₃PW₁₂O₄₀/Ce_0.1Ti_0.9O₂ showed the highest catalytic performance among the H₃PW₁₂O₄₀/Ce_xTi_1-xO₂ catalysts.     

Crystal structure of Na3PO4 · 12H2O

The crystal structure of trisodium monophosphate hemihydrate was determined. The space group is $\text{C2}\text{c}$ and a unit cell contains eight formula units. The unit cell dimensions of $\text{Na}{}_3\text{PO}{}_4\text{·}\text{1}\text{2}\text{H}{}_2\text{O}$ are a = 9.631(3), b = 5.416(2), c = 16.938(8) Å, β = 102.60(5)°. The final R value is 0.027 for a set of 1430 independent reflections. This atomic arrangement is mainly a three-dimensional network of distorted NaO₆ octahedra. The hydrogen bonding scheme is given.     

LixNi0.8-yCo0.2ZnyOp的合成及电化学性能研究

A series of single-phase Li_xNi_0.8-yCo_0.2Zn_yO_p(0.96 ≤x≤ 1.10， 0 ≤y≤ 0.05， 2 ≤p≤ 2(1+y) ) (different in the y values) were synthesized by a two-step solid state reaction method， in which LiOH·H₂O， Zn-doped spherical Ni(OH)₂ and Co₂O₃ were used as the precursors. The ICP-AES analyses proved that the Zn-doped compounds synthesized had the nonstoichiometric form. The results of the XRD， SEM identified that the uniform particles of the as-prepared materials having a good layered structure were fine， narrowly distributed and well crystallized. The electrochemical performance test was carried out and the results showed that the as-prepared Zn-doped materials had not only a high capacity， but also a better cycling stability characterization than the un-doped one. The Li_1.06Ni_0.75Co_0.22Zn_0.03O_2.03 material has an initial reversible capacity as high as 160.5mAh·g^-1; and a first discharge efficiency 89.2%， and exhibits satisfactory cyclic stability with 90% retainable capacity after 50 cycles.     

An investigation of the promotional effect of propylene or propane traces on the activity of sulfatedPt/g-Al2O3andPt-Sn/g-Al2O3inCH4combustion

Summary A strong promoting effect of the presence of C₃H₈or C₃H₆was determined for the combustion of CH₄in excess oxygen, over pre-sulfated 1%Pt/g-Al₂O₃and pre-sulfated 1%Pt-2%Sn/g-Al₂O₃catalysts.</o:p>     

Synthesis and characterization of Ti1−2xNbxNixO2−x/2 solid solutions

Doped-rutile has been traditionally used in ceramic pigments for its intense optical properties. In this paper, we compare the classical ceramic synthesis of Ti_1−2xNb_xNi_xO_2−x/2 system with the sol-gel methodology, which allows a reduction of the anatase-rutile transformation temperature. The composition was optimised in order to obtain a unique rutile phase with the minimum amount of pollutant Ni(II) and enhanced chromatic coordinates. Incorporation of the doping ions in the rutile structure was corroborated by XRD and Rietveld refinements. The species responsible for the colour mechanism were studied by different techniques. UV-VIS spectroscopy showed the characteristic features of Ni²⁺ ions, whose existence was corroborated by EPR and magnetic measurements. From these results, (Ni,Nb)doped-TiO₂ powder samples can be now shaped as thin films, monoliths, etc. by using sol-gel methodology without modifying their properties. This study introduces new possibilities of coloured TiO₂-based solid solutions in new combined advanced applications (colouring agent and photocatalyst, etc.).     

Visible light-sensitive yellow TiO2−xNx and Fe-N co-doped Ti1−yFeyO2−xNx anatase photocatalysts

Nitrogen substituted yellow colored anatase TiO_2−xN_x and Fe-N co-doped Ti_1−yFe_yO_2−xN_x have been easily synthesized by novel hydrazine method. White anatase TiO_2−δ and N/Fe-N-doped samples are semiconducting and the presence of ESR signals at g ∼1.994-2.0025 supports the oxygen vacancy and g∼4.3 indicates Fe³⁺ in the lattice. TiO_2−xN_x has higher conductivity than TiO_2−x and Fe/Fe-N-doped anatase and the UV absorption edge of white TiO_2−x extends in the visible region in N, Fe and Fe-N co-doped TiO₂, which show, respectively, two band gaps at ∼3.25/2.63, ∼3.31/2.44 and 2.8/2.44 eV. An activation energy of ∼1.8 eV is observed in Arrhenius log resistivity vs. 1/T plots for all samples. All TiO₂ and Fe-doped TiO₂ show low 2-propanol photodegradation activity but have significant NO photodestruction capability, both in UV and visible regions, while standard Degussa P-25 is incapable in destroying NO in the visible region The mid-gap levels that these N and Fe-N-doped TiO₂ consist may cause this discrepancy in their photocatalytic activities.     

LixZryOz三元化合物的制备及表征

采用高温固相法制备了4种高纯度晶相组成的LixZryOz三元化合物,研究了焙烧温度、时间、反应物的种类和初始反应物物质的量比对产物组成的影响,进一步用XRD、SEM及BET分析方法对产物的晶相结构、表面形貌及比表面积进行了表征.实验结果表明,Li2CO3与ZrO2在适当条件下可以合成得到单斜相Li3ZrO3;以LiOH替代Li2CO3,在适当条件下可以分别合成得到四方相Li2ZrO3和三斜/单斜相Li6Zr2O7;进一步以Zr(NO3)4·5H2O代替Zr02,可将单斜相Li6Zr2O7的制备时间由96 h缩短至24 h.SEM照片显示产物硬团聚明显,粒径分布在1～10μm间,BET分析表明样品比表面积处于1.0～9.0 m2·g-1间分布,反应过程中锂的过量以及长时间高温焙烧是引起产物粒径长大和产生硬团聚的主要原因.