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利用二烯丙基二溴化铵形成微泡,用γ-射线、自由基引发剂及紫外线三种引发方式实施了产本微泡的聚合。由电子衍射照片可以看出,微波中的分子是高度定向的。研究表明,合成的微泡保留了天然脂质体所具有的渗透功能及载物能力。 相似文献
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以4,4'-二甲氧基二苯胺为原料,过硫酸氢钾复合盐(Oxone)为氧化剂,通过一步反应合成了苯环类氮氧自由基——4,4'-二甲氧基二苯基氮氧自由基(DMDPN),并与引发剂偶氮二异丁腈(AIBN)组成双分子体系进行甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MMA)的调控聚合.用重量法测定转化率、凝胶渗透色谱(GPC)测定分子量及分布.研究了氮氧自由基/引发剂比以及聚合温度对聚合动力学和聚合物分子量及分布的影响,并对得到聚合物进行了再引发反应以及1H核磁共振表征.结果表明该体系下,氮氧自由基与增长自由基之间无明显的氢转移副反应发生,聚合过程中分子量随转化率线性增加,且聚合物末端具有活性,能进行再次链增长,体现出可控/"活性"自由基聚合的特点.确定了最佳氮氧自由基/引发剂摩尔比为1.6∶1、最佳聚合温度为120℃,并在70℃下实现了MMA的调控聚合. 相似文献
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琥珀酸氯霉素分子印迹聚合膜的制备及其吸附特性研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
为制备对琥珀酸氯霉素分子具有特异性吸附的分子印迹聚合物膜, 利用模板分子琥珀酸氯霉素(HS-CAP)、功能单体甲基丙烯酸(MA)、交联剂乙二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯(EGDMA)、引发剂偶氮二异丁腈(AIBN)、溶剂四氢呋喃, 采用紫外光引发聚合的方法制备出含有HS-CAP分子印迹位点的印迹聚合微粒, 并使用相转化的方法, 制备含有这种HS-CAP分子印迹微粒的醋酸纤维素膜. 然后通过吸附实验检测该印迹膜的吸附特性, 与非印迹膜相比, 印迹膜对模板分子具有良好的特异性识别作用, 与印迹膜相互作用的模板分子溶液, 在作用前后浓度发生了显著的变化; 印迹膜对模板分子的识别作用主要集中于与模板分子相互作用的最初2 h之内, 并随作用时间的延长而降低; 当模板分子浓度介于0.2~0.0125 mg/mL这一范围内时, 模板分子溶液浓度越高, 印迹膜的吸附特性越明显. 本实验所制备的分子印迹聚合膜对模板分子具有特异性识别能力, 可以在下一步研制以分子印迹聚合膜为基础的检测氯霉素残留的传感设备中得到应用. 相似文献
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设计合成了2种香豆素取代二乙炔单体,7-(10,12-二十三双炔酰氧基)-香豆素(CODA)和7-(10,12-二十三双炔酰氧乙氧基)-香豆素(CO2DA),研究了柔性间隔基对香豆素取代二乙炔单体在气-液界面的组装、单体LB膜的聚合以及聚二乙炔主链螺旋结构形成的影响.利用Langmui-Blodgett(LB)技术,以纯水为亚相,膜压在35 mN/m时沉积制备了香豆素取代二乙炔单体LB膜.尽管CODA是非手性的,但其LB膜均表现出明显的宏观手性信号.这是由于在压缩过程中香豆素基团间强烈的π-π堆积,形成了螺旋排列,显示出超分子手性.而CO2DA LB膜无明显CD信号.经254 nm紫外光辐照,CODA LB膜聚合成蓝相,聚二乙炔主链表现出明显的宏观手性.而CO2DA LB膜聚合后无明显的CD信号.薄膜中香豆素功能基团的不规则排列不利于二乙炔单体的固态聚合以及聚二乙炔主链螺旋结构的形成. 相似文献
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1977年Kunitake等首次报道了双十二烷基二甲基溴化铵在水溶液中自组织成类似于卵磷脂双层结构的囊泡,泡壁即为双分子膜。该发现表明可以用人工合成方法建造仿生组织,开辟了合成双分子膜研究的新领域。单链两亲性成膜物质,一般由亲水基团、间链、刚性生色基和尾链4部分组成。本文报道4-(4′-十六烷氧基-4-联苯氧基)丁基三甲基溴化铵 相似文献
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原位聚合法制备具有温敏PNIPAM壳的核-壳结构聚合物纳米微球的研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
结合大分子自组装和原位自由基聚合方法,采用油溶性引发剂偶氮二异丁腈(AIBN),在聚(ε-已内酯)(PCL)纳米粒子表面引发聚合单体N-异丙基丙烯酰胺(NIPAM)和交联剂亚甲基双(丙烯酰胺)(MBA),制备得到了核-壳结构的PCL/PNIPAM聚合物纳米微球.系统研究了单体和交联剂用量、壳层目标交联度、初始PCL/DMF溶液的浓度及引发剂AIBN含量4个反应参数对核-壳结构PCL/PNIPAM纳米微球的PNIPAM壳层得率、微球尺寸、温敏性能及电镜形貌的影响.结果表明,在制备核-壳结构PCL/PNIPAM纳米微球的反应过程中,PCL粒子表面的聚合和水中的聚合二者之间相互竞争.适当增加引发剂AIBN的添加量,有利于制备得到核/壳比例可控的PCL/PNIPAM纳米微球;交联剂MBA较高的反应活性导致形成了非均匀交联的PNIPAM壳层. 相似文献
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合成双分子膜是近年来出现的一类重要的超分子化学体系,它具有多方面模拟生物膜功能的性质,是目前国际上极引人注目的研究领域.含有Schiff碱基的双亲性分子(1)的稀水溶液在超声波作用下,可形成其壁为双分子膜结构的球形囊泡。示差扫描量热分析(DSC)表明,该双分子膜从凝胶相到液晶相的相变温度T_c为32℃.由于Schiff碱基在膜内的质子化行为与视网膜中视色素的光化学过程密切相关,所以研究上述合成双分子膜的质子化过程有着重要的膜模拟化学意义.本文简要报导双分子膜(1)在不 相似文献
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荷电膜的膜电位研究进展 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
膜电位的测定是表征荷电膜的传递现象的重要参数之一。本文简要介绍了膜电位理论基础,包括T. M. S.理论和不可逆热力学理论。分别阐述了关于离子交换膜、双极膜、两性膜以及复合膜的膜电位的最新进展,并提出今后的发展方向。 相似文献
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Zeolite X membranes were investigated by in-situ hydrothermal synthesis on porous ceramic tubes precoated with zeolite X seeds or precursor amorphous aluminosilicate, and porous α-Al2O3 ceramic tubes with a pore size of 50 200 nm were employed as supports. Zeolite X crystals were synthesized by the classic method and mixed into deionized water as a slurry with a concentration of 0.2 0.5wt%, having a range of crystal sizes from 0.2 to 2μm. Crystal seeds were pressed into the pores near the inner surface of the ceramic tubes, and crystallization took place at 95℃ for 24-96 h. It was also investigated that Boehmite sol added with zeolite X seeds was precoated on ceramic supports to form a layer of γ-Al2O3 by heating, and hydrothermal crystallization could then take place to prepare the zeolite membranes on the composite ceramic tubes. The crystal species were characterized by XRD, and the morphology of the supports subjected to crystallization was characterized by SEM. The composite zeolite membranes have zeolitic top-layers with a thickness of 10-25 μm, and zeolite crystals can be intruded into pores of the supports as deeply as 100μm. The experimental results indicate that the precoating of zeolitic seeds on supports is beneficial to crystallization by shortening the synthesis time and improving the membrane strength. The resulting zeolite X membrane shows permselectivity to tri-n-butylamine((C4H9)3N) over perfluro-tributyl-amine ((C4Fg)3N), and a permeance ratio of 57 for ((C4Hg)3N to (C4F9)3N could be reached at 350℃. Permeances of BZ, EB and TIPB through the zeolite membrane were also measured and were found to slightly increase with temperature. 相似文献
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PREPARATIONOFSILICALITE┐1ANDZSM┐5ZEOLITE/CERAMICCOMPOSITEMEMBRANESZhangLixiong,JiaMengdong,MinEnze(ResearchInstituteofPetrole... 相似文献
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Zhongqiang Xu Qingling Chen Guanzhong LuShanghai Research Institute of Petrochemical Technology Shanghai ChinaInstitute of Industrial Catalysis East China University of Science Technology Shanghai China 《天然气化学杂志》2002,(Z2)
Zeolite X membranes were investigated by in-situ hydrothermal synthesis on porous ceramic tubes precoated with zeolite X seeds or precursor amorphous aluminosilicate, and porous α-Al2O3 ceramic tubes with a pore size of 50-200 nm were employed as supports. Zeolite X crystals were synthesized by the classic method and mixed into deionized water as a slurry with a concentration of 0.2-0.5wt%, having a range of crystal sizes from 0.2 to 2μm. Crystal seeds were pressed into the pores near the inner surface of the ceramic tubes, and crystallization took place at 95℃ for 24-96 h. It was also investigated that Boehmite sol added with zeolite X seeds was precoated on ceramic supports to form a layer of r-Al2O3 by heating, and hydrothermal crystallization could then take place to prepare the zeolite membranes on the composite ceramic tubes. The crystal species were characterized by XRD, and the morphology of the supports subjected to crystallization was characterized by SEM. The composite zeolite membranes hav 相似文献
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A model of the composite membrane consisting of the catalytic layer (CL) and the nanofiltration layer (NFL) is presented. It has been found that applying NFL on the permeate side of CL it is possible to enhance substantially the conversion of substrate into the product. The best performance is obtained for high retention of substrate and low of product. At higher values of volume flow and/or longer catalytic path the retention degree of product becomes negligible. The presence of NFL enhances the influence of distribution of the reaction rate constant, k, on the conversion ratio. Comparing to k = constant the positive effect is obtained if k increases along the catalytic pore, whereas negative—if k decreases. 相似文献