共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 156 毫秒
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二维光子晶体分束器和偏转器 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
针对二维光子晶体在光束调整和光束偏转中的应用,采用平面波展开法、二维有限时域差分法和完全匹配层吸收边界条件,从理论上研究了二维方形光子晶体结构中TM模式的自准直现象.通过分析光子晶体的能带结构和等频图,基于二维光子晶体的自准直效应和光子带隙,对光波在二维光子晶体中的传播特性进行了讨论.数值计算表明,通过在合适的方向引入不同的线缺陷,可以实现自准直光束的1×2和1×3分束以及光束偏转.最后讨论了透射光束和偏转光束的能量随线缺陷半径的变化关系.所设计的器件极大地扩展了光子晶体在高密度光学集成电路中的应用. 相似文献
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研究了二维光子晶体量子阱的光谱特性,该量子阱结构由二维正方晶格圆柱晶胞光子晶体通过移去中间位置的介质圆柱层形成。由于光子晶体中的光子禁带充当了光子运动的势垒,类似于半导体量子阱中电子的行为,在光子晶体量子阱结构中会出现量子化的光子能态。文章利用平面波展开法计算了所用光子晶体的能带结构,利用传输矩阵方法计算了量子阱结构的透射光谱。计算结果表明,在光子禁带中出现了离散的透射峰,透射峰的强度随着势垒宽度的增加而减弱,个数随着势阱宽度的增加而增加,通过计算得到了其定量关系,并且讨论了透射峰频率与势阱宽度的关系。 相似文献
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电磁波在周期介质中的传播及二维光子晶体的光子带结构 总被引:5,自引:4,他引:1
光子晶体是光学与凝聚态物理交叉的新领域,也是近年来应用物理学的一个重要研究领域,它是一种由介电常数高的(低的)介质在另一种介电常数低的(高的)背景介质中周期排列所组成的人造多维周期结构材料,能够产生光子带隙。频率落在带隙内的光在晶体里沿任何方向都不能传播,因而具有能够抑制原子、分子的自发辐射等诱人的光电子学特性,在基础研究和实际应用上都有着巨大的潜力。本文在这一领域里进行了富有成效的研究,获得了很好的结果。主要有:(1)利用平面波展开方法来计算二维光子晶体的带隙结构。首先,我们设计正方晶胞的二维光子晶体模型。设x3方向为介质柱的轴方向,二维周期结构在x1-x2平面上。晶胞的晶格常数为a,半径为r,介质柱和空气柱的介电常数分别为εa=17和εb=1,a>2r。设计的核心思想是通过降低光子晶体结构的对称性,消除光子能带在晶体的布里渊区高对称点上的本征简并。(2)对于二维光子晶体的电磁波理论及周期介质中的Bloch波解做了详细的推导,给出了光子晶体中禁带存在的理论依据。同时以正方格子晶格的二维光子晶体为例,验证了电介质在空气圆孔中的排列存在E偏振和H偏振的光子带隙重叠区,称为绝对光子带隙。对于二维的光子晶体,两种本征偏振模式的光子能带结构可以独立地调节,以实现两者的光子带隙的最优重叠, 从而大大提高了二维光子晶体的完全带隙宽度。 相似文献
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二维正方晶格光子晶体平板的近场成像特性 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
光子晶体是由两种或两种以卜不同介电函数的材料周期性排列组成的一种人工晶体.由于介电甬数的周期性分布对入射光的调制作用,使得特定频率区域的人射光在光子晶体中传播时的群速度方向和相速度方向相反,因而使得光子晶体平板表现出负折射特性.系统研究了介质柱的形状对二维正方品格光子品体近场成像特性的影响.通过对分别由正方形、三角形、椭网形、长方形等形状介质柱组成的二维正方品格光子晶体平板近场成像特性的理论分析,发现当介质柱形状的对称性降低到一定程度后可以实现光子晶体近场成像的纵向平移.进一步通过对相应等频率曲线形状的分析,明确了光子晶体近场成像是由于自准直效应和负折射效应的共同作用形成的. 相似文献
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We propose a two-dimensional (2D) annular photonic crystal (APC) with dual equi-frequency contours (EFCs) in one band. The refractive behaviors of a Gaussian beam incident from air to the APC are analyzed by the EFC analysis and finite-diflerence time-domain (FDTD) method. The results show the positive-negative birefraction phenomenon for the transverse magnetic (TM) polarization in the same band occurs at the interface between air and the APC, and the surface termination of the APC has a large effect on the strength of the negatively refracted beam. 相似文献
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Kuramochi E. Notomi M. Kawashima T. Takahashi J. Takahashi C. Tamamura T. Kawakami S. 《Optical and Quantum Electronics》2002,34(1-3):53-61
We propose two photonic crystal structures that can be created by combining nanolithography with alternating-layer deposition. Photonic band calculations suggest that a drilled alternating-layer photonic crystal combining two-dimensional (2D) alternating multilayers and an array of vertically drilled holes may achieve a full photonic bandgap. In addition, a 3D/2D/3D cross-dimensional photonic crystal, which sandwiches a 2D photonic crystal slab between three-dimensional (3D) alternating-layer photonic crystals, should provide better vertical confinement of light than a conventional index guiding slab. Fabrication techniques based on existing technologies (electron beam lithography, bias sputtering, and low-pressure ECR etching) require very few process steps. Our preliminary fabrication suggests that, by refining these technologies, we will be able to realize photonic crystals. 相似文献
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A polarizing beam splitter (PBS) and a non-polarizing beam splitter (NPBS) based on a photonic crystal (PC) directional coupler are demonstrated. The photonic crystal directional coupler consists of a hexagonal lattice of dielectric pillars in air and has a complete photonic band gap. The photonic band structure and the band gap map are calculated using the plane wave expansion (PWE) method. The splitting properties of the splitter are investigated numerically using the finite difference time domain (FDTD) method. 相似文献
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紫外区全角度光子晶体反射镜 总被引:3,自引:3,他引:0
根据角域叠加原理,在石英玻璃基板上用全介质膜系实现了紫外区域全角度一维光子晶体反射镜的设计。采用两个不存在全角度反射带的一维光子晶体在角域上叠加,通过传输矩阵方法,从理论上计算合成光子存在全角度禁带,禁带波长范围328.95~352.11nm,相对带宽为6.80%。实验上采用HfO2和SiO2两种薄膜材料,用电子束蒸发的方法在石英玻璃基板上制备合成光子晶体。若透射率在1%以下为光子晶体禁带,则禁带波长范围从331.2~350.4nm,相对带宽5.63%。从而证明了角域叠加设计的正确性。 相似文献
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Complete photonic band gaps (PBGs) are found in one-dimensional ternary photonic crystals (1D TPCs) composed of an ordinary dielectric and single negative metamaterials. The proposed TPC gives omni directional PBG completely independent of polarizations dependent weekly on angle of incidence. Here the choice of different parameters of TPC is done in such a way so that it eliminates the Brewster's-angle transmission resonance, thus allowing a complete 3D PBG. It exhibits a photonic band or gap near frequencies where either the magnetic permeability or the electric permittivity of the metamaterial changes sign, whose width increases with the increasing angle of incidence. These result from the dispersive properties of the metamaterials and disappear for the particular case of propagation along the stratification direction. The results are discussed in terms of incident angle, layer thickness, dielectric constant of the dielectric material for TE and TM polarizations. 相似文献
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The construction of 3D photonic crystals with gaps in the visible or the near-infrared frequency range requires engineering of complex microstructures which are very difficult to realize by etching and micro-fabrication. Consequently, self-ordered systems such as synthetic opals are very promising. Synthetic bare opals are constituted by SiO2 spheres that organize themselves by a sedimentation process in a face centered cubic (fcc) arrangement. Using the plane wave method, we examine the photonic band structures of close-packed opal-based photonic crystals with an SiO2 (n = 1.5) matrix. The incomplete photonic band gaps at the X- and L-points have been studied which correspond to normally incident plane waves onto the (100) and (111) crystal planes. With the transfer matrix method, we model the transmission properties. We find that the incomplete gap at the L-point fully inhibits the transmission of waves propagating in the [111] direction for opal sample thicknesses that are easily obtainable. This property shows that bare opals could be good candidates for complete inhibition of transmission in the near-infrared and visible frequency range for given orientations. 相似文献
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A two-dimensional (2D) photonic crystal waveguide in the
\Gamma--K direction with triangular lattice on a
silicon-on-insulator (SOI) substrate in the near-infrared band is
fabricated by the combination of electron beam lithography and
inductively coupled plasma etching. Its transmission characteristics
are analysed from the stimulated band diagram by the effective index
and the 2D plane wave expansion (PWE) methods. In the experiment, the
transmission band edge in a longer wavelength of the photonic crystal
waveguide is about 1590\,nm, which is in good qualitative agreement
with the simulated value. However, there is a disagreement between
the experimental and the simulated results when the wavelength ranges
from 1607 to 1630\,nm, which can be considered as due to the
unpolarized source used in the transmission measurement. 相似文献
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Oya K Nakazawa T Kittaka S Tsunetomo K Kintaka K Nishii J Hirao K 《Optics letters》2005,30(2):192-194
Silica-based one-dimensional photonic crystal (1D-PC) is fabricated by use of a high-spatial-frequency grating with input and output surfaces tilted with respect to its periodic direction. An incident beam is coupled with the first photonic band in the second Brillouin zone of the 1D-PC. The output beam angle changes 3 degrees with a wavelength change of 1%. A prototype of an ultrasmall demultiplexer is demonstrated by use of a silica slab waveguide with 1D-PC. 相似文献
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用传输矩阵法计算了一维光子晶体带隙结构对不同偏振态入射光的角度和波长响应. 结果表明,对P偏振态,带隙的宽度明显小于S偏振态. 对于角度响应,两种偏振态有相同的变化趋势,但变化量不同. 而对于波长响应,两种偏振态表现出不同的变化趋势. 引入了“广义布儒斯特角”的概念. 理论分析表明,当光以此角射入光子晶体时,S偏振态入射光的禁带完全保留,而P偏振态入射光的禁带完全消失,从而可以在S偏振态入射光的禁带背景中用P偏振态入射光获得受主掺杂模式. 同时还给出了实验验证结果.
关键词:
体积全息图
光子晶体
偏振 相似文献