教育统计与测评在高中数学教学管理中的应用研究

教育统计与测评是教育信息化背景下现代教育教学中不可或缺的重要手段,在教育教学评价中发挥着越来越大的作用．而教育统计与测评在高中数学教学管理中的应用研究却并不多见,这一现象严重制约了这一评价和管理手段的推行,更无法发挥其在数学教学管理中应有的作用．     

因子分析法在高校教师教学质量评价中的应用

教师教学质量的评价对提高教学质量具有十分重要的意义.运用因子分析法对东北农业大学工程学院的15名青年教师的教学质量进行评价,给出了15位教师在每一个公共因子上的得分和综合得分,并根据综合得分进行排名.评价结果不仅对教师了解自己的实际教学水平,促进教师教学水平的提高是非常必要的,而且还可为教学管理部门制定教学改革措施,加强教学管理提供参考依据.     

概率统计课程建设与教学改革

本文从师资队伍建设、教学管理、教学改革等几个方面介绍了我们在概率统计课程建设与教学改革方面的工作情况     

概率统计课程建设与教学改革

本从师资队伍建设、教学管理、教学改革等几个方面介绍了我们在概率统计课程建设与教学改革方面的工作情况,     

Fuzzy综合评判在评价教师教学质量工作中的应用

本文应用Ｆｕｚｚｙ综合评判方法及教育测量学知识综合评价教师的教学质量．此法较其它评价方法更客观、细腻、可靠，对教学管理工作具有参考价值．     

最小原根的计算问题

为促进青少年计算机课内外教育活动的开展,提高计算机在中学教育中的应用水平,交流计算机普及教育工作中的经验。我们将组织刊载计算机辅助教学、辅助学习模拟实验、教学管理等方面应用程序的经验介绍。     

运用时间序列预测CET-4考试通过率

运用时间序列分析的原理[1],通过对华中农业大学若干年大学英语四级考试成绩[2]的分析,得到将来的四级考试通过率的预报值,为教学管理部门对计划的制定,管理的安排进行定量的分析提供理论依据.     

大学英语CET-4教学效果评价

对参加华中农业大学2002年CET-4考试的学生随机抽样,获取了具有代表性的某些班级学生CET-4考试成绩,运用协方差分析方法,得到了对指导学生CET-4考试的教师的教学效果的合理评价.为教学管理部门提供分析问题的方法和理论依据.     

公共数学全英文授课模式探析

对留学生数学课程教学存在的问题进行了探究,在对教材选取,教学内容安排,教学管理和教学方法等方面进行审理的基础上,总结了全英文教学的经验,提出了全英文数学课程教学的适应性方法,以满足留学生全英文数学课程教学的需要.     

教学管理中的数学模型

针对教学管理的需要，在总体服从正态分布的假设下，通过控制总体的某项指标（均值y^-或及格率r），分别给出了相应的加分数学模型。该模型具有合理性、普适性、保存性以及实用性。通过对模型的检验表明，效果相当令人满意。     

基于模糊FNN-ELECTRE法的国有商业银行竞争力评价

随着金融业全方位开放,国有商业银行已成为国家经济命脉的核心,其竞争力强弱关系着国家经济的繁荣与衰退。本文基于模糊FNN-ELECTRE方法建立国有商业银行竞争力评价模型,以因素神经网络理论(FNN)与ELECTRE融合方法为基础,以现有商业银行竞争力评价指标为着眼,把国有商业银行竞争力的评价体系从现实竞争力和潜在竞争力两个因素抽取为一级指标,以规模、质量、业务结构、效率、成长性五个因素设为二级指标。从实证的角度对银行A、银行B、银行C、银行D、银行E五大国有银行进行分析验证,对其属性值进行和谐性与非和谐性检验得出,银行B竞争能力最强,银行E竞争能力最弱,五大国有银行均有改进空间。     

城市老旧居住小区交通环境评价指标与评价方法

定量的评判城市老旧居住小区整体交通环境质量并进而科学有效的提出老旧小区交通环境更新与改善措施,对城市老旧居住小区交通环境进行了调查,明确了老旧居住小区存在的突出交通问题,并提出了城市老旧居住小区交通环境评价的指标体系,包括行人跨路出行指数、无人行道路段长度占比、停车泊位供需比、路内非法停车占比、平均停车步行距离、泊位数量户数比、人均步行空间、无障碍通道、盲道设置比例、非机动车泊位供需比、地面停放车辆数小区面积比、外部穿行交通周转量小区面积比等。并给出了具体指标的计算方法与获得办法。以长沙市四个典型老旧居住小区为例,对评价方法进行了论证,并得到城市老旧居住小区存在的一般问题,包括人车混杂、人车交织现象严重,停车泊位短缺、车辆乱停乱放,交通设施、特别是弱势群体交通设施缺乏。给出的评价指标、评价方法与结论可为城市老旧小区改造更新,特别是其中很重要的交通环境更新提供决策依据。     

Personae at play. ‘Men of Mathematics’ in commentary

Mathematical writers, above all, Euclid, tend to present their theorems as decontextualized, abstract propositions, which has become the standard modus of textual presentation in theoretical mathematics. Mathematical commentators, however, provide their readers with personal names and historical facts in order to elucidate problems, provide contexts of discovery, or construct doxographies, among other things. Modern readers have used such information for the construction of histories of science. When we look at these passages, however, we see that personal names and information about mathematicians of the past can serve quite a range of different objectives, such as the strategic self-positioning of the commentator vis-à-vis the past or present of mathematics, the education of the reader, mathematical or moral, the construction of the history of the field, etc. Not only does the commentator present a persona of himself to the reader, he can also turn colleagues and predecessors into personae. This paper attempts to elucidate the practice, by offering four examples of such plays of and with personae, in Pappus, Eutocius, al-Nayrīzī, and Proclus.     

Formulation of linear problems and solution by a universal machine

Using the predicate language for ordered fields a class of problems referred to aslinear problems is defined. This class contains, for example, all systems of linear equations and inequalities, all linear programming problems, all integer programming problems with bounded variables, all linear complementarity problems, the testing of whether sets that are defined by linear inequalities are semilattices, all satisfiability problems in sentenial logic, the rank-computation of matrices, the computation of row-reduced echelon forms of matrices, and all quadratic programming problems with bounded variables. A single, one, algorithm, to which we refer as theUniversal Linear Machine, is described. It solves any instance of any linear problem. The Universal Linear Machine runs in two phases. Given a linear problem, in the first phase a Compiler running on a Turing Machine generates alinear algorithm for the problem. Then, given an instance of the linear problem, in the second phase the linear algorithm solves the particular instance of the linear problem. The linear algorithm is finite, deterministic, loopless and executes only the five ordered field operations — additions, multiplications, subtractions, divisions and comparisons. Conversely, we show that for each linear algorithm there is a linear problem which the linear algorithm solves uniquely. Finally, it is shown that with a linear algorithm for a linear problem, one can solve certain parametric instances of the linear problem.Research was supported in part by the National Science Foundation Grant DMS 92-07409, by the Department of Energy Grant DE-FG03-87-ER-25028, by the United States—Israel Binational Science Foundation Grant 90-00434 and by ONR Grant N00014-92-J1142.Corresponding author.     

Utilization and maintenance in a model with scrapping

We consider a productive asset, called equipment or capital good, and we examine the properties of, as well as the interactions between, the operating policies, which are determined by its optimal utilization and maintenance, and the capital policy of scrapping, which defines the optimal time when the productive asset is retired from its current use. Starting with an abstract model and using the approach of optimal control, initially we characterize the various types of equipment by assigning to them a single total profit index, which indicates how the above policies affect the flow of operating revenues plus capital gains or losses. This index is a function of market-determined prices. So using it we then investigate how the operating and capital policies are influenced by the rate of discount, the price of new equipment, and the rise or fall of the price of new equipment relative to the value of its output. Among other interesting results, we find that the effects of these prices on the nature and interactions of optimal policies depend crucially on whether the equipment is of the usual profit making type, where output is the main source of revenue, or of the antique type, where the main source of revenue is capital gains.     

Wave parameter identification problem for ocean test structure data,part 2, discrete formulation

This paper deals with the solution of the wave parameter identification problem for ocean test structure data. A discrete formulation is assumed. An ocean test structure is considered, and wave elevation and velocities are assumed to be measured with a number of sensors. Within the frame of linear wave theory, a Fourier series model is chosen for the wave elevation and velocities. Then, the following problem is posed: Find the amplitudes of the various wave components of specified frequency and direction, so that the assumed model of wave elevation and velocities provides the best fit to the measured data. Here, the term best fit is employed in the least-square sense over a given time interval.At each time instant, the wave representation involves four indexes (frequency, direction, instrument, time); hence, four-dimensional arrays are required. This formal difficulty can be avoided by switching to an alternative representation involving only two indexes (frequency-direction, instrument-time); hence, standard vector-matrix notation can be used. Within this frame, optimality conditions are derived for the amplitudes of the assumed wave model.A characteristic of the wave parameter identification problem is that the condition number of the system matrix can be large. Therefore, the numerical solution is not an easy task and special procedures must be employed. Specifically, Gaussian elimination is avoided and advantageous use is made of the Householder transformation, in the light of the least-square nature of the problem and the discretized approach to the problem.Numerical results are presented. The effect of various system parameters (number of frequencies, number of directions, sampling time, number of sensors, and location of sensors) is investigated in connection with global or strong accuracy, local or weak accuracy, integral accuracy, and condition number of the system matrix.From the numerical experiments, it appears that the wave parameter identification problem has a unique solution if the number of directions is smaller than or equal to the number of sensors; it has an infinite number of solutions otherwise. In the case where a unique solution exists, the condition number of the system matrix increases as the size of the system increases, and this has a detrimental effect on the accuracy. However, the accuracy can be improved by proper selection of the sampling time and by proper choice of the number and location of the sensors.Generally speaking, the computations done for the discrete case exhibit better accuracy than the computations done for the continuous case (Ref. 5). This improved accuracy is a direct consequence of having used advantageously the Householder transformation and is obtained at the expense of increased memory requirements and increased CPU time.This work was supported by Exxon Production Research Company, Houston, Texas. This paper is based partly on Refs. 1–4.     

Moment information for probability distributions,without solving the moment problem,II: Main-mass,tails and shape approximation

How much information does a small number of moments carry about the unknown distribution function? Is it possible to explicitly obtain from these moments some useful information, e.g., about the support, the modality, the general shape, or the tails of a distribution, without going into a detailed numerical solution of the moment problem? In this, previous and subsequent papers, clear and easy to implement answers will be given to some questions of this type. First, the question of how to distinguish between the main-mass interval and the tail regions, in the case we know only a number of moments of the target distribution function, will be addressed. The answer to this question is based on a version of the Chebyshev–Stieltjes–Markov inequality, which provides us with upper and lower, moment-based, bounds for the target distribution. Then, exploiting existing asymptotic results in the main-mass region, an explicit, moment-based approximation of the target probability density function is provided. Although the latter cannot be considered, in general, as a satisfactory solution, it can always serve as an initial approximation in any iterative scheme for the numerical solution of the moment problem. Numerical results illustrating all the theoretical statements are also presented.     

提高维吾尔文搜索质量的一些关键技术研究

维吾尔语和土耳其语、乌兹别克语、哈萨克语等同属于阿尔泰语系突厥语分支,是一种粘着型语言,具有丰富的构词合构形附加成分.主要分布于中国新疆维吾尔自治区,以及中西亚地区的维吾尔族使用.目前使用基于阿拉伯文字母的维吾尔文.当前用google,bing等搜索引擎搜索维吾尔文时搜索结果不包括该词语的构词合构形附加成分等其它形式.严重影响了搜索结果的准确性.通过词干提取和词缀附加生成词语组合的方法以解决提高维吾尔文搜索质量的问题.此问题解决,将在大幅度提高维吾尔文搜索的准确性,并针对提高其它突厥语族语言(土耳其语、乌兹别克语、哈萨克语等)的搜索质量、数据挖掘、数据分析、数据安全、自然语言理解等研究领域有一定的参考价值.     

公众参与视角下的央地环境规制博弈分析

本文首先构建环境规制中中央政府和地方政府的两方演化博弈模型,并在此基础上将公众作为第三方参与主体,构建中央政府、地方政府和公众三方演化博弈模型,详细比较两方和三方博弈模型的区别,探究各个主体策略行为的影响因素。研究发现:(1)未有公众参与下,地方政府策略选择主要受地方政府积极执行成本、环境收益、经济损失,消极执行的环境政绩损失,中央政府监管力度、治理补贴和对地方政府的处罚等因素影响;中央政府的监管策略主要受到严格监管的成本以及对地方政府的治理补贴和处罚等因素影响。引入公众参与后,在央地两方博弈的基础上,地方政府环境规制执行策略的影响因素还增加了地方政府被举报后所受到的追加处罚,中央政府监管策略的影响因素还增加了中央政府监管力度、对地方政府的追加处罚以及中央政府的公信力损失。(2)未有公众参与下,中央政府严格监管的概率随地方政府积极执行概率的增大而减小。引入公众参与后,中央政府严格监管率随地方政府积极执行概率的增大而增大。说明在公众参与下,地方政府积极执行环境规制对中央政府严格监管产生的抑制作用转变成了促进作用。(3)地方政府积极执行的概率、中央政府严格监管的概率都随公众举报概率的增大而增大。说明公众参与不仅对地方政府承担环保责任具有促进作用,而且有利于促使中央政府落实环境治理政策。     

考虑成本、等待时间和安全水平的分类安检模式研究

近年来,随着民航机场旅客吞吐量快速增加,机场安检部门的工作压力正不断加大,旅客等待时间也正在逐渐增加。针对该问题,引入了分类安检模式。然而,分类安检模式通常需要额外的投资成本,可能会产生较大的财务负担。因此,以成本为目标,综合考虑旅客等待时间和安全水平的要求,研究了分类安检模式和传统安检模式的比较以及最优决策性质等相关问题。首先,考虑安全水平和旅客等待时间的约束,分别为传统安检模式和分类安检模式建立了模型,并分析了其最优运营决策性质。其次,从成本的角度,对两种安检模式做了比较研究。研究结果表明,当旅客数量多、安检犯错容忍度较高或旅客等待敏感时,分类安检模式比传统安检模式表现更优;反之,传统安检模式更优。此外,在分类安检模式中,分配到高风险安检通道的旅客比例存在一个最优值,并且其通常在20%到30%之间取到。最后,通过数值分析验证了分类安检模式的最优服务配置。