无机钛硅原料体系合成TS-1催化丙烯环氧化反应

研究了无机钛硅原料体系合成的ＴＳ－１催化丙烯环氧化的反应,并与经典法、修正法制得样品的催化性能进行了比较。考察了搅拌、Ｎａ２ＣＯ３加入量、反应时间、反应温度、双氧水加量、催化剂量及溶剂等对丙烯环氧化反应的转化率、选择性等的影响,并初步探讨了无机钛硅原料合成的ＴＳ－１的再生性能。结果表明,对于丙烯环氧化反应,无机钛硅原料合成ＴＳ－１样品与经典法和修正法制取样品的催化性能相当;反应条件对丙烯环氧化反应     

钛硅分子筛TS-1合成晶化气氛的影响

考察了不同晶化气氛(N2、H2、A ir、O2)对合成钛硅分子筛TS-1的影响,用XRD、IR和N2吸附/脱附对所合成的钛硅分子筛进行结构表征,发现在H2气氛下合成的TS-1结晶度最高,锐钛矿的含量最少;O2气氛下合成的TS-1中锐钛矿含量最高.以氯丙烯氧化为模型反应,考察了不同晶化气氛下合成的钛硅分子筛的催化活性和双氧水的利用效率.结果表明,在H2气氛下所合成的钛硅分子筛的双氧水的利用效率最高.     

钛硅分子筛TS-1催化氯丙烯环氧化反应动力学研究

 摘要：研究了钛硅分子筛催化氯丙烯环氧化反应的条件及动力学行为．\r\n结果表明，以钛硅分子筛为催化剂，氯丙烯可被高选择性地氧化为环氧\r\n氯丙烷．环氧化反应速度与分子筛中骨架钛的含量及分子筛的用量呈正\r\n比关系，是一级反应．对于氧化剂H2O2，只有当c（H2O2）＜0．4mol／\r\nL时，环氧化反应为一级反应；而c（H2O2）＞1．0mol／L时，为零级反\r\n应．对于氯丙烯，随着其浓度的变化，环氧化反应的级数在1和0之间．\r\n然而，只有当氯丙烯浓度很高时，环氧化反应的级数才有明显的降低．\r\n根据实验结果和Eley－Rideal单分子吸附方程，提出了氯丙烯环氧化反\r\n应的动力学模型．\r\n关键词：钛硅分子筛，氯丙烯，过氧化氢，环氧化，环氧氯丙烷，反应\r\n动力学     

钛硅分子筛催化1-丁烯环氧化研究

自1983年Taramasso等报导TS-1的合成以来,钛硅分子筛的合成及应用一直是分子筛催化领域的热点。经典TS-1合成方法采用四丙基氢氧化铵（TPAOH）为模板剂,合成成本较高、条件苛刻,限制了其应用。用四丙基溴化铵（TPABr）为模板剂代替TPAOH,能够成功地合成TS-1。不同孔道结构的钛硅分子筛,如Ti-β、Ti-MCM-41、Ti-HMS等弥补了TS-1较小孔径的缺点,进一步扩大了钛硅分子筛的应用。本文以不同合成方法得到的TS-1及中孔Ti—HMS为催化剂,双氧水为氧化剂,1-丁烯环氧化合成1,2-环氧丁烷,研究了不同钛硅分子筛对1-丁烯环氧化反应的催化性能。     

氢氧混合体系下Ag／TS－1催化剂上丙烯的高效环氧化反应

 在氢氧混合体系中，沉积-沉淀法制备的Ag/TS-1催化剂对丙烯环氧化反应具有高的催化活性和选择性。本文主要考察了载体TS-1的硅钛比和反应温度对催化剂性能的影响。结果表明：当载体TS-1硅钛比为64，反应温度150℃时，2wt%Ag/TS-1催化剂表现出优异的催化性能，丙烯转化率和环氧丙烷选择性可分别达1.37%和93.51%。     

钛硅分子筛TS-1的合成、表征及催化性能

钛硅分子筛TS-1自Taramasso等［1］首次报道合成以来,由于其优异的选择氧化催化 性能及其催化的反应具有对环境污染轻,反应条件温和等优点而备受关注. 钛硅分子筛的制 备及应用研究是分子筛催化领域中的热点之一. 在经典的合成体系中,四丙基氢氧化铵(TPAO H)常被用作模板剂［2］,这是钛硅分子筛价格较为昂贵的主要原因之一. 国内外学者 都致力于廉价合成体系的开发,Müller等［3］报道了以四丙基溴化铵(TPABr)作模板 剂合成钛硅分子筛. 对于钛源和硅源,人们往往都采用水解趋势较为缓和的钛酯和硅酯,以达 到钛源和硅源的匹配;在合成过程中,要预先将钛酯加入到乙酰丙酮或异丙醇溶剂中进行稀释 ,并对胶液进行蒸醇处理［2,3］. 这使得钛硅分子筛的合成过程更加复杂,并提高了 其合成费用. 本文以钛酸四丁酯(TBOT)和四氯化钛混合原料作钛源,成功地合成出对丙烯环 氧化具有优异催化性能的钛硅分子筛TS-1,避免了上述的复杂步骤,并降低了钛硅分子筛的成本.     

等级孔介孔-微孔TS-1分子筛单晶的合成及催化氯丙烯环氧化性能

针对当前钛硅型分子筛存在的微孔孔道孔径限制导致的流通扩散性能差及催化效率低等关键瓶颈问题, 通过在微孔分子筛中构筑跨尺度贯通高物质传输性能的等级孔道结构, 对钛硅分子筛(TS-1)晶体内等级孔道结构的可控构筑及其催化环氧化进行了研究, 成功制备出具有富含介孔孔道的等级孔介孔-微孔TS-1分子筛单晶材料(HTS-1), 其在氯丙烯催化环氧化反应中表现出了优异的催化活性及稳定性能.     

丙酮肟氧化偶联合成2,3-二甲基-2,3-二硝基丁烷反应的研究

以丙酮肟为原料,在改性TS-1(钛硅分子筛)催化剂催化下,可用H2O2氧化偶联合成2,3-二甲基-2,3-二硝基丁烷(DMNB).在此基础上以丙酮为原料,在改性TS-1催化剂催化下,一锅法进行丙酮氨肟化和氧化偶联反应可制备收率43.2%的DMNB.该方法简便易操作,操作安全.产物结构经1H NMR,13C NMR表征.     

无机原料体系合成TS-1影响因素的研究

以廉价的硅溶胶和三氯化钛分别作为硅源和钛源,四丙基溴化铵(TPABr)为模板剂,二乙胺、正丁胺、氨水等作为碱源,在无机体系中合成了TS-1分子筛。采用XRD,IR,UV-vis,SEM,元素分析和N2吸附/脱附等对合成的分子筛进行了表征。详细考察了碱源、硅钛比N2保护、晶种、模板剂用量、硅源及晶化时间等因素对分子筛合成的影响。结果表明,以无机原料合成的TS-1与用传统有机原料合成的TS-1具有同样的特征。碱度的控制是合成的关键,配胶时需N2保护,加入晶种对合成有明显的导向作用,模板剂最低用量有一临界值,硅溶胶作硅源合成的TS-1晶粒比较大。     

无机原料体系合成TS-1影响因素的研究

以廉价的硅溶胶和三氯化钛分别作为硅源和钛源,四丙基溴化铵(TPABr)为模板剂,二乙胺、正丁胺、氨水等作为碱源,在无机体系中合成了TS-1分子筛。采用XRD,IR,UV-vis,SEM,元素分析和N2吸附/脱附等对合成的分子筛进行了表征。详细考察了碱源、硅钛比N2保护、晶种、模板剂用量、硅源及晶化时间等因素对分子筛合成的影响。结果表明,以无机原料合成的TS-1与用传统有机原料合成的TS-1具有同样的特征。碱度的控制是合成的关键,配胶时需N2保护,加入晶种对合成有明显的导向作用,模板剂最低用量有一临界值,硅溶胶作硅源合成的TS-1晶粒比较大。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

A general and convenient synthesis of 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones and their use in amidoalkylation of hydrogen,heteroatom, and carbon nucleophiles

A general synthesis of previously unknown semicarbazone-based α-amidoalkylating reagents, 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones, has been developed. The synthesis involved three-component condensation of semicarbazones of aliphatic or aromatic aldehydes with the same or other aldehydes and p-toluenesulfinic acid. The scope and limitations of this reaction were investigated. The compounds obtained were demonstrated to be an efficient α-(4-semicarbazono)alkylating agents. They were reacted with H- (sodium borohydride), O- (sodium methylate), S- (sodium phenylthiolate), N- (pyrrolidine, sodium succinimide), P- (trialkyl phosphites), and C-nucleophiles (sodium diethyl malonate) to give the corresponding products of the tosyl group substitution, 4-substituted semicarbazones, including analogues of nitrofurazone. Among the prepared compounds tested in vitro for antibacterial and antifungal activity, three nitrofuryl-containing semicarbazones exhibited high biological activities with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 8–32 μg/mL.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

Synthesis of novel chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-N-heterocyclic carbene ligands and their application in palladium-catalyzed Mizoroki–Heck couplings and asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde

A small library of new chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-imidazolium salts 1 is conveniently synthesized on multi-gram scale from inexpensive and commercially available chiral pool amino acids. The corresponding carbenes, generated by deprotonation of imidazolium salts 1, in combination with palladium(II) chloride were tested in the Mizoroki–Heck coupling reaction. The most significant results in terms of yields and reactivities were achieved with low catalyst loading. The catalytic activities of these imidazolium salts were also investigated in the asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde. The use of MgO nanoparticles as an additive in conjunction with these ligands played a crucial role in increasing the efficiency of these reactions.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.