北京正负电子对撞机(BEPC)同步辐射实验厅辐射剂量水平的测定

本文描述了北京正负电子对撞机(BEPC)同步辐射实验厅内辐射的来源和特点,辐射测量方法及其测量结果.通过对东、西两个实验厅的辐射剂量水平随时间和空间变化的分析,得出一个重要的结论:同步辐射实验厅内辐射剂量水平与实验厅相对正负电子束流注入点的位置、屏蔽墙厚度、束流注入的时间和效率有密切关系.     

北京谱仪Ⅱ中性径迹测量误差的确定

选取辐射Bhabha样本,研究了北京谱仪Ⅱ(BESⅡ)桶部簇射计数器(BSC)对中性径迹的沉积能量和空间位置的测量,定出了实际数据的测量误差.并利用Monte Carlo产生的e⁺e^－→γγ事例定出MC数据的能量及位置测量误差.结果已用于BESⅡ运动学拟合,能改善物理分析结果.     

BEPCⅡ束流相关本底的蒙特卡罗模拟研究(Ⅲ)——Touschek效应

介绍了Touschek效应本底研究的意义、Touschek效应的作用原理和建模方法. 使用自主开发及通用的模拟工具, 系统研究了BEPCⅡ工作条件下BESⅢ主要探测器的Touschek本底. 模拟和计算束流寿命的比较表明当前的模拟结果是有参考价值的, 建模方法是可行的. 探测器的模拟结果表明Touschek本底不会影响将来BESⅢ的正常稳定运行, 不会造成探测器的辐照损伤.     

BESⅢ触发系统MDC子系统的物理设计

介绍北京谱仪BESⅢ触发系统MDC子系统的物理设计. 该设计根据BESⅢ的物理研究目标,用软件模拟的方法研究了不同触发方案的可行性,并优化了触发参数. 对触发方案的效率进行了仔细研究,给出一些重要反应道的触发效率和本底事例率.     

抽取信号的χ2分布拟合方法

BESⅡ上测量ψ(2S)辐射衰变时,鉴于本底道的污染非常严重,提出了一种抽取信号事例数的χ2拟合方法.大量的蒙特卡罗模拟表明,信号道与各个本底道的χ2分布形状各不相同.这些特点提供了从数据的χ2分布中抽出信号道事例数的χ2拟合方法.从蒙特卡罗模拟的结果来看,χ2拟合方法的误差小于2%.     

北京谱仪(BESⅡ)上p和(p-)鉴别的研究

以北京谱仪(BES)上常用的3种粒子鉴别方法为基础,充分利用BESⅡ所获取的R值扫描、J/ψ和ψ'数据中p,(p-)以及其他带电粒子样本,对动量范围在0.3-1.2GeV的p和p-鉴别方法进行分析研究.找到BES Ⅱ上p和(p-)的最佳鉴别方法:动量低于0.6GeV只用dE/dx实现粒子鉴别,动量高于0.6GeV可用TOF或联合鉴别的方法,并给出p,(p-)的鉴别效率以及本底的混入比例.     

北京正负电子对撞机本底辐射及高Z闪烁体辐照损伤研究

在北京正负电子对撞机上首次从粒子物理实验的需要出发开展了对撞区辐射本底的系统研究.发展了动态研究对撞区辐射水平的有效方法,能够灵敏地反映出对撞机不同工作状态下的本底辐射水平与其分布情况以及在对撞状态下随时间变化的规律.考察了国产BGO及BaF₂晶体在对撞机辐射环境中的抗辐照性能.     

北京谱仪(BESⅡ)上p和鉴别的研究

以北京谱仪(BES)上常用的3种粒子鉴别方法为基础,充分利用BESⅡ所获取的R值扫描、J/ψ和ψ′数据中p,(p)以及其他带电粒子样本,对动量范围在0.3—1.2GeV的p和(p)鉴别方法进行分析研究,找到BESⅡ上p和(p)的最佳鉴别方法:动量低于0.6GeV只用dE/dx实现粒子鉴别,动量高于0.6GeV可用TOF或联合鉴别的方法,并给出p,(p)的鉴别效率以及本底的混入比例.     

BEPCⅡ束流相关本底的蒙特卡罗模拟研究(Ⅱ)—束流-气体相互作用

介绍了用蒙特卡罗方法研究正常对撞模式下束流本底中的束流-气体相互作用的原理与效果.使用通用的模拟工具,研究了BEPCⅡ的束流-气体本底对设计中的BESⅢ的影响.结果显示,在储存环上设置挡板后,探测器的本底在允许的范围之内.模拟结果对BEPCⅡ-BESⅢ的设计建造具有指导意义.     

抽取信号的χ2分布拟合方法

BESⅡ上测量ψ(2S)辐射衰变时, 鉴于本底道的污染非常严重, 提出了一种抽取信号事例数的χ²拟合方法. 大量的蒙特卡罗模拟表明, 信号道与各个本底道的χ²分布形状各不相同. 这些特点提供了从数据的χ²分布中抽出信号道事例数的χ²拟合方法. 从蒙特卡罗模拟的结果来看, χ²拟合方法的误差小于2%.     

Online measurement of the BEPC Ⅱ background using RadFET dosimeters

To monitor the integral dose deposited in the BESⅢ electromagnetic calorimeter whose perfor-mance degrades due to exposure to the BEPCⅡ background, a 400 nm IMPL RadFET dosimeter-based integral dose online monitor system is built. After calibration with the 60Co source and verification with TLD in the pulse radiation fields, an experiment was arranged to measure the BEPC Ⅱ background online. The results are presented.     

Lagrange multiplier method used in BESⅢ kinematic fitting

In this paper,the kinematic fitting with the Lagrange multiplier method has been studied for BESⅢ experiment.First we introduce the Lagrange multiplier method and implement kinematic constraints.Then we present the performance of the kinematic fitting algorithm.With the kinematic fitting,we can improve the resolution of track parameters and reduce the background.     

辐射背景对岩石受力热红外光谱变化影响的实验研究

研究表明,岩石在加载过程中表面的红外辐射随应力发展而变化,而辐射信息的有效提取与辐射背景存在密切关系。通过理论分析不同实验环境对岩石受力热红外光谱变化影响,开展了花岗岩在室内外环境下的受力热红外光谱观测实验,分析了不同辐射背景下岩石红外辐射与应力的相关性以及由应力引发的辐射变化信息的强弱差异,并对两种环境下岩石应力热红外探测的优势波段进行了对比分析。结果表明,辐射背景对岩石受力热红外光谱探测结果有重要影响,室外环境因背景辐射较弱,相同应力作用下的红外辐射变化更加显著,与应力之间的相关程度更高,优势波段区间更宽,更加有利于岩石应力的热红外探测。8.0~11.8 μm波段是利用热红外遥感监测地表花岗岩应力变化的优势波段。     

不同响应波长的HgCdTe光导器件噪声分析

研究了不同响应波长的HgCdTe器件在不同背景辐射条件下的噪声变化.随着背景辐射的增加,甚长波器件的噪声减小,而中波器件相反.噪声频谱测量表明,产生-复合噪声分量和1/f噪声分量是器件的主要噪声来源,并且这两个分量随背景的变化趋势相同.非平衡载流子和器件有效寿命的理论分析,表明器件噪声随背景辐射的变化存在一个极大值,而中波和甚长波器件处在不同的作用区域内,接受到的背景辐射对载流子浓度和器件有效寿命的影响不同,从而噪声变化表现不同.在此基础上,提出了"临界背景通量密度"的概念.     

The highest background radiation school in the world and the health status of its students and their offspring

Although the average effective human dose from natural background radiation is about 2.4 mSv per year, the students of the Saeid Nafisi school in Ramsar received effective doses of about 250 mSv while studying there for over 5 years. The goal of this project was a retrospective study of the health status of former students of this school and their offspring. The list of the students of the Saeid Nafisi school (high background radiation) and Taleghani and Kashani schools (ordinary background radiation) was provided by the Department of Education. After matching sex, age and socioeconomic level and obtaining their consent, part 1 of the specifically designed questionnaire was filled out by interview, and clinical examinations were recorded in part 2 of the questionnaire by a physician. The data were analysed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences 16. Our study shows that 88.1 % of general examinations of high background radiation school students were normal as compared with 85.7 % for control group. There were no significant differences. This study is interesting and unique. It reveals that there is no health emergency related to these high radiation doses. We recommend continuing the health supervision of this population in the future.     

Lagrange multiplier method used in BESⅢ

In this paper, the kinematic fitting with the Lagrange multiplier method has been studied for BESⅢ experiment. First we introduce the Lagrange multiplier method and implement kinematic constraints. Then we present the performance of the kinematic fitting algorithm. With the kinematic fitting, we can improve the resolution of track parameters and reduce the background.     

Simulation of earth background radiation characteristic for satellite borne laser warning system

The earth background radiation is a kind of main background interference for satellite borne laser warning system in the space environment, and it is so necessary that the radiation characteristic be studied. In this paper, the mathematic model of the earth background radiation is established, the input parameters of 6S model are analyzed and set, and the simulation of earth background radiation is carried on aiming at the alarm wavelength 1.315 μm and the waveband 0.9-1.7 μm which is the responsive bandwidth of the detector. The results show that: with the increase of zenith angle, the irradiance from ground reflection increases, but the irradiances of atmospheric path radiation and surface-atmosphere interaction at the satellite level decrease; comparing with other two parts, the irradiance from ground reflection weighs most, and the corresponding percentages for 1.315 μm and 0.9-1.7 μm are 75.89% and 73.99%, respectively. The total irradiance at the satellite level from earth background radiation has exceeded the detection sensitivity of the system (about 1 mW/cm²), which may arouse the false alarm. So, the special technique of background suppression must be studied.     

Status of the experiment on the measurement of the neutrino magnetic moment with the spectrometer GEMMA

The investigation of the background structure of the spectrometer GEMMA was carried out in a low-background laboratory in ITEP. GEMMA is destined for measurement of the neutrino magnetic moment near the core of a nuclear power plant (NPP) reactor. The results of the investigation in ITEP and measurement of the background in the experimental hall at the Kalininskaya NPP proved that GEMMA is ready for the start of the experiment at the reactor. Now the preparation of the experimental hall for the measurement is completed and an assembling of the setup is in progress.     

探空温度传感器的计算流体动力学分析与实验研究

伴随着数值天气预报和气候变化研究精细化程度的不断提高, 希望探空温度传感器的观测精度达到0.1 K数量级. 为了实现此目标, 运用计算流体动力学方法对珠状热敏电阻从海平面上升至20 km高空的整个过程进行数值仿真分析. 并在此基础上, 针对影响测温精度的太阳辐射强度和传感器倾斜角度两个因素进行分析. 仿真结果表明, 太阳辐射强度和海拔高度是辐射误差的重要影响因子. 当传感器倾斜角度为90°时, 珠状热敏电阻的辐射误差最小. 通过麦夸特法和通用全局优化法对仿真数据进行拟合, 获得不同海拔高度和太阳辐射强度下的辐射误差修正方程; 为验证方程的准确性, 设计和搭建太阳辐射误差模拟系统. 实验结果表明, 辐射误差实验测量值与修正方程修正值之间的平均偏移量为0.017 K, 均方根值RMS误差为0.023 K, 验证了计算流体动力学方法、麦夸特法和通用全局优化法获得辐射误差数据的准确性.     

Energy loss correction for a crystal calorimeter

Material effect of inner-detectors on the performances of the BESⅢ Electromagnetic Calorimeter (EMC)is investigated.The BESⅢ Time-Of-Flight counters(TOF)have been utilized to improve the energy resolution and detection efficiency for photons after a careful energy calibration.A matching algorithm between TOF and EMC energy deposits is developed,and the effects of beam-related background are discussed.The energy resolution is improved and the photon detection efficiency can be increased by the combined measurement of EMC and TOF detectors.