胜利和孤岛减压渣油中的硫醚硫和噻吩硫的测定

用ＫＩＯ３电位滴定法测定了胜利和孤岛减压渣油及其色谱分离组分中的硫醚硫，用管式炉定硫法测总硫量，差减得到噻吩类硫的含量。对胜利和孤岛渣油及其亚组分的测定结果表明，胜利减压渣油中的硫约有３６．６％为硫醚硫，６３．４％为噻吩硫；孤岛减压渣油的相应值分别为４０．１％和５９．９％；胜利减渣的芳香分中硫醚硫含量高于其胶质中的硫醚硫含量，且相差较大；而孤岛减渣的这两个组分中的硫醚硫含量相近。硫醚硫在这两个渣油     

煤中形态硫分析及脱除能力研究

在实验室自动定硫仪上采用形态硫直接测定法，测定了７种煤样的脂肪硫、黄铁矿硫与噻吩硫的含量及它们脱除难易程度（能力），结果表明采用本实验方法测得的形态硫结果与Ｘ－射线吸收精细结构能谱（ＸＡＦＳ）所分析的结果一致。煤中形态硫在加热条件下脱除能力为：脂肪硫＞黄铁矿硫＞噻吩硫＞硫酸盐硫，而在弱碱性氧化脱硫条件下各形态硫脱除能力为：黄铁矿硫＞脂肪硫＞噻吩硫＞硫酸盐硫。     

焦炭中硫的空间分布规律研究

采用炼焦混合煤模拟工业焦化过程，研究了焦炭中硫的空间分布规律。结果表明，焦炭柱同一高度的有机硫、无机硫的质量分数从中心到边缘逐渐升高；相同取样位置处裂纹表面的有机硫、无机硫比对应内部位置硫的质量分数高；对于炭化室直径为230mm的模拟实验，有机硫增加约0.035%，无机硫增加约0.08%。XPS分析显示，有机硫与无机硫的质量分数的差异是由噻吩硫及金属硫化物的质量分数不同造成的。二维相似模拟实验进一步证实焦炭柱中硫的质量分数从中心沿径向到边缘逐渐升高。     

醌—硫硫聚合物的合成及电化学性能的研究

聚有机二硫化物的电化学性质，受到与它共聚的有机基团的影响。为此，我们以对苯二甲醚为原料经氯甲基化，硝酸氧化，与二硫化钠缩合制得了醌－硫硫共聚物，并用循环伏安法研究了该种共聚物的电化学性质，讨论了有机基团对Ｓ－Ｓ－键电化学性质的影响，并组装成电池研究它的放电行为。     

红外碳硫测定仪测定铁矿石中硫

采用红外碳硫仪对铁矿石中硫进行测定，通过对助熔剂各类、助熔剂的加入量，助熔剂的比例，称样量、试样加入顺序等条件进行试验，选择了测定铁矿石中硫的最佳条件，此法的测定范围为0．01％－4．0％。     

ICP-AES法测定碳酸盐岩中的总硫及其硫的形态

建立了碳酸盐岩样品中总硫及其硫的形态的分析方法,采用分级萃取技术提取样品中的单质硫、硫酸盐硫和硫铁矿硫,选择波长182.0nm,用ICPAES测定不同形态的硫和总硫,用差减法得到有机硫。用此方法测试了国家一级标准和10个广元地区的碳酸盐岩样品,结果表明,碳酸盐岩中总硫的浓度较大,在0.05%~2.00%之间,碳酸盐岩中硫主要以硫酸盐硫和硫铁矿硫两种形式存在,占总硫含量的90%以上,单质硫的含量较低,低于总硫含量的1%,有机硫的含量受总硫和几种无机硫的影响误差较大。样品中各形态硫的加和值与总硫测定值和总硫参考值相符,每个样品的硫测定3次,其相对标准偏差(RSD)为0.15%~3.7%。     

煤在不同O2/CO2气氛下燃烧硫析出特性研究

研究了煤在不同氧体积分数、混有CO2气氛下燃烧硫析出特性，结果表明，煤在低氧、混有CO2气氛下燃烧，SO2和H2S析出速率曲线均呈现双峰结构，H2S析出率明显增大，硫析出时间延长；在高氧气氛下，SO2和H2S析出速率曲线均呈现单峰结构，硫析出时间缩短。煤在低氧体积分数、混有CO2气氛下燃烧能够改善煤灰自固硫能力，降低硫的最终析出率；煤在高氧体积分数、混有少量CO2气氛下燃烧与空气气氛下燃烧相比，硫的最终析出率无明显变化。     

大蒜新素二烯丙基三硫化合物的化学分析

用氧瓶燃烧法，对合成得到的大蒜新素二烯丙基三硫化合物（V），进行了元素硫定量分析，测定结果与HPLC方法数据基本一致，相对标准偏差为0.23%。     

用XPS研究我国一些煤中有机硫的存在形态

本文用电子能谱（xps）方法研究了我国九个不同牌号煤中有机硫的存在形态，并得到这些煤中各种不同形态硫的结合能数据。根据Lindberg等人所做模型化合物结果，给出了这些煤中硫元素结构能的化学归属。各种煤中硫的存在形态是不同的，有硫醇、硫醚、双硫醚、硫杂环、硫桥和取代基上的硫等。这一研究结果为今后研究煤的分子结构及脱硫方法提供了重要的科学依据。     

O—乙基—O—取代苯基—O（2—邻苯二甲酰亚胺基）乙基）硫代磷酸酯的合成及其异

合成了１１个新的硫羰酸酯及其１１个异构化产物硫羟磷酸酯，其结构经＾１ＨＮＭＲ元素分析证实，研究了温度，溶剂对异构化的反应的影响，并对反应机理进行了讨论。     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.     

酞菁染料的金属化和溴化与光物理影响的研究

以α位(2,4-二特戊基)苯氧基邻苯二腈作为环合前体,制备了多种金属酞菁,产物经元素分析、紫外、红外、核磁氢谱等分析手段进行表征.并选择了部分酞菁进行溴化,其中着重研究了不同中心金属以及溴化对染料Q带吸收的影响.结果表明,酞菁染料的金属化对于其Q带吸收影响很大,多数染料金属化后会出现蓝移,而选择合适的条件进行溴化,可以使得金属酞菁的Q带吸收出现一定程度的红移,其中部分溴化金属酞菁的吸收波长与光信息产业中使用的近红外激光器很接近,具有潜在的实用价值.     

Cun、Agn和Aun(n≤9)团簇的静电极化率

The static polarizabilities and polarizability anisotropies of Cun,Agn and Aun (n≤9)clusters have been calculated by the B3LYP density functional method,which is a three parameter mixture of density functional and"exact" Hartree Fock exchange. The calculated results are compared with experimental polarizabilities of sodium clusters. It is shown that the size dependency of the static polarizabilities per atom of Cun,and Agn clusters possesses the same trend as that observed in sodium clusters exception of the Aunclusters while the polarizability of Au atom is much smaller than these of Cu and Ag.The(α-)of Au atom is the smallest and the(α-)per atom of Au approach to the values of Cu from the dimmer to the hexamer. It indicates that in Au clusters the electrons are more strongly attracted by the nuclei because of the more electrons. However,the absolute polarizabilities of the noble mental clusters are considerably smaller than those of the sodium clusters and the electronic structures of the noblemental are much more compact.     

ELECTROCHEMICAL POLYMERIZATION OF ANILINE IN PHOSPHORIC ACID AND THE PROPERTIES OF POLYANILINE

The behavior of the electrochemical polymerization of aniline in a weak acid, phosphoric acid, is very similar to that in strong acids, i.e. its polymerization rate increases quickly with the electrolysis time. The FTIR spectra of polyaniline samples synthesized in phosphoric acid indicate that the counter ion H2PO4^- is present in both the oxidized form and the reduced form of polyaniline. The counter ion plays an important role in adjusting the pH value at the electrode surface of polyaniline during the oxidation and reduction processes. As a result, a pair of redox peaks still appear in cyclic voltammograms of polyaniline in a solution of sodium sulfate of pH 5.5 and in a solution of NaH2PO4 of pH 7.0,respectively, at low potential scan rate; and the color of polyaniline film also changes with applied potential at pH 7.0. Thus,the pH region for the electrochemical activity and the electrochromism of polyaniline is extended to pH 5.5 for a solution of sodium sulfate and to pH 7.0 for a solution of NaH2PO4. The conductivity of polyaniline is 3.3 S cm^-1, depending on the concentration of phosphoric acid used in the stage of polymerization of aniline. The result of elemental analysis of polyaniline is presented here.     

Effect of Ag on the Grain Growth and Dielectric Properties of PbTiO3

A series of Ag-PbTiO3 composites were synthesized, and the effects of silver on the morphological development of hydrothermal synthesized PbTiO3 particles and dielectric properties of PbTiO3 ceramic were investigated. Results show that the introduction of Ag benefits the crystal growth of PbTiO3. The diffusion of Ag+ into the perovskite accelerates the crystal growth of PbTiO3 and leads to large fine PbTiO3 crystal. Furthermore, the dielectric constant of PbTiO3-based ceramic was enhanced greatly by the percolation effect of inner Ag clusters.     

Thermodynamics of dissolving and solvation processes for benzoic acid and the toluic acids in aqueous solution

Experimental data are presented for the solubility in water of benzoic and toluic acids from 5° to 65°C. From the solubility the molality of the monomeric form of the acid is calculated using literature data for both ionization and dimerization of the acid. These data for the monomer combined with data from the literature for vaporization of the solid and ionization in both the gas phase and the aqueous phase yield entropy and enthalpy changes for the solvation of molecular and anionic forms of the acid. A similar procedure is also applied to literature data for the solubility of benzene in water. It is shown that the hydration entropies of the monomeric forms are a linear function of their partial molar volumes. It is concluded that hydration of the undissociated o-toluic acid may be crucial to the increased acidity of that acid compared to benzoic acid.     

超临界二氧化碳中不同聚合物吸附小分子的比较

研究了超临界二氧化碳中聚氨酯,乙烯醋酸乙烯共聚物和低密度聚乙烯等3种聚合物对几种小分子的吸附作用,观测了吸附小分子后的聚合物的形态变化以及无水乙醇和乙酸乙酯在这3种聚合物中的解吸,实验表明低密度聚乙烯吸附能力较差,不适作吸附的基体材料,而聚氨酯,乙烯醋酸乙烯共聚物吸附小分子能力较强。小分子在聚合物中按时间的自然指数形式递减规律解吸,解吸扩散系数数量级达10-7cm2/s。     

PHONONS IN POLYACENIC CHAINS

We have theoretically resolved phonon excitations in quasi-two-dimensional organic crystals of polyacenic semiconductor material which may be obtained by the pyrolytic treatment of phenol-formaldehyde resin. A model for studying the dynamical properties using three polyacene chains is proposed with the aim to present the vibrational properties of this structure. It employs the formalism of solid states in two dimensions which admit phonons. A simulation process of the two-dimensional lattice structure shows that elastic waves may explain the existence of vibrational modes in the frequency range 100-400 cm-1. The presence of acoustic and optical like phonons is discussed in terms of the elastic force constants. A hyperfine resonance structure is obtained. It allows the analysis of the dynamical evolution in thin films of polyacene. It is found that the behavior of the phonon density of states exhibits resonance between modes in the structure.     

SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF HYBRID PROTON CONDUCTING MEMBRANES OF POLY（VINYL ALCOHOL） AND PHOSPHOMOLYBDIC ACID

Hybrid proton conducting membranes of poly（vinyl alcohol） （PVA） and phosphomolybdic acid （PMA） were prepared by solution casting method. The effect of PMA doping and PVA crosslinking density on the membrane properties and proton conductivity were investigated. The crosslinking reaction between the hydroxyl group of PVA and the aldehyde group of glutaraldehyde （GA） was characterized by IR spectroscopy. Proton conductivity of the membranes increases with an increase in concentration of the doped PMA and also with an increase in crosslinking density of the membranes. Proton conductivity results indicate that a significant amount of PMA was maintained in the membranes even after several hours of immersion in water. A maximum conductivity of 0.0101 S cm^-1 was obtained for the membrane with 33.3 wt% PMA and crosslinking density of 5.825 mol%. X-ray diffraction studies were carried out to investigate the influence of PMA doping and crosslinking density on the nature of the membranes. These properties make them very good candidates for polymer electrolyte membranes for direct methanol fuel cell application.