缓冲液中聚苯胺的电化学活性和电致变色

使用循环伏安法、恒电流充放电和现场光谱电化学法研究了聚苯胺在氯化钠溶液、磷酸氢钠缓冲液和由氯化锌和氯化铵组成的溶液中的电化学活性和电致变色。在pH457的1mol×dm-3NaCl溶液中,聚苯胺膜的颜色几乎不随电位而变化,循环伏安图上无氧化还原峰,所以聚苯胺仅有很低的电化学活性。在pH457、640、738的磷酸氢钠缓冲溶液中,循环伏安图上有氧化还原峰。随pH值升高,它们的峰电位向负电位方向移动。根据循环伏安图的面积,聚苯胺在02mol×dm-3磷酸氢钠缓冲溶液中的电化学活性,即氧化还原电量约是相同pH值的1mol×dm-3NaCl溶液中的3倍。在pH738、640和pH457的02mol×dm-3磷酸氢钠缓冲液中,聚苯胺吸收峰的波长移动的起始电位分别为010V、030V和040V(vs.AgAgCl电极,饱和KCl溶液)。这种电位移动的趋势与循环伏安图上的氧化还原峰的电位移动相一致。在pH640和pH457的02mol×dm-3磷酸氢钠缓冲溶液中,聚苯胺的可见光谱图上出现一个与电位有关的等吸收点。聚苯胺膜在pH475和pH640的02mol×dm-3磷酸氢钠缓冲液中,当电位从060V下降到-020V(vs.AgAgCl电极,饱和KCl溶液)时,聚苯胺膜的颜色从紫红色变到兰色、绿色和黄色。在pH440、457和492的由25mol×dm-3ZnCl2和30mol×dm-3NH4Cl组成的溶液中,聚苯胺的循环伏安图上均有     

聚4—氨基联苯溶液的性质

本文报导了聚4-氨基联苯的电化学合成,测定了它的ESR、IR及紫外可见光谱。聚合物在THF、DMF和DMSO中能全部溶解。界面移动法测得聚4-氨基联苯的DMF饱和溶液中正离子的迁移率为1.48×10~(-8)m~2·S~(-1)·V~(-1)。     

ELECTROCHEMICAL POLYMERIZATION OF ANILINE IN PHOSPHORIC ACID AND THE PROPERTIES OF POLYANILINE

The behavior of the electrochemical polymerization of aniline in a weak acid, phosphoric acid, is very similar to that in strong acids, i.e. its polymerization rate increases quickly with the electrolysis time. The FTIR spectra of polyaniline samples synthesized in phosphoric acid indicate that the counter ion H2PO4^- is present in both the oxidized form and the reduced form of polyaniline. The counter ion plays an important role in adjusting the pH value at the electrode surface of polyaniline during the oxidation and reduction processes. As a result, a pair of redox peaks still appear in cyclic voltammograms of polyaniline in a solution of sodium sulfate of pH 5.5 and in a solution of NaH2PO4 of pH 7.0,respectively, at low potential scan rate; and the color of polyaniline film also changes with applied potential at pH 7.0. Thus,the pH region for the electrochemical activity and the electrochromism of polyaniline is extended to pH 5.5 for a solution of sodium sulfate and to pH 7.0 for a solution of NaH2PO4. The conductivity of polyaniline is 3.3 S cm^-1, depending on the concentration of phosphoric acid used in the stage of polymerization of aniline. The result of elemental analysis of polyaniline is presented here.     

聚邻甲苯胺的合成及物理化学性质

聚苯胺的导电性和电化学特性已被广泛地研究。最近,对苯胺衍生物的聚合物也开始了研究,如聚邻甲氧基苯胺、聚邻苯二胺和聚邻氨基酚,其中聚邻甲氧基苯胺是一种可溶性的导电高分子材料。为了探讨苯胺聚合的机理和苯胺上不同基团对聚苯胺性质的影响,我们使用了十六种苯     

邻菲啰啉对固定尿酸酶催化反应动力学的影响

The activation energy of the enzyme-catalyzed reaction for uric acid decreases markedly in the presence of o-phenanthroline, which activates the bioelectrochemicla activity of the polypyrrole uricase electrode. The response current of the enzyme electrodeis independent of the concentration of o-phenanthroline. Based on the experimental results, the mechamsm of the enzyme-catalyzed reaction for uric acid in the presence of o-phenanthroline is presented as follows: E+A→EA, EA+S EAS, EAS→EA+P, where E, A, S and P are the enzyme, activator, substrate and product, respectively. The effects of pH value, potential and the uric acid concentration on the response currents of the uricase electrode have been studied in the presence of o-phenanthroline. In the presence of o-phenanthroline, the response current of the enzyme electrode increase linearly with increasing concentration of uric acid in the region of 0.07 to 0.67 mmol·L~(-1), therefore the polypyrrole uricase electrode which has once lost its activity can be activated and used again to determine the substrate concentration.     

铜电极表面的电致发光法现场测试

采用电致发光等方法, 初步探讨了铜电极在0.25 mol·L~(-1)Na_2S_2O_8+1.25 mol·L~(-1)NaOH溶液中的电致发光特性及其相关性能, 给出了电致发光法现场测试铜电极表面性质的初步结果。     

溶液pH值对聚邻甲苯胺电化学性质的影响

本文报道了溶液pH值对聚邻甲本胺电化学性质的影响。研究结果表明,电化学合成的聚邻甲苯胺的循环伏安曲线、氧化电位、膜的颜色、充放电容量、紫外可见光谱以及氧化还原活性都受到溶液pH的影响。在低pH值的溶液中,随着扫描电位的变化,聚邻甲苯胺膜的颜色可逆地变化,而在pH4.13的溶液中进行扫描时,膜的颜色不变化,电化学活性也消失。     

聚苯胺尿酸酶电极性能的研究

依据pH对聚苯胺尿酸酶电极最大响应电流的影响, logim～pH图表明尿酸酶电极的催化活性只与其电离基团的碱性形式有关. 扫描电镜的结果表明, 聚苯胺尿酸酶电极的稳定性与其制备方法有关. 电化学法固定的尿酸酶电极具有高的稳定性.     

聚苯胺用作乙醇脱氢反应中的电子传递介质

脱氢酶（ADH）在电化学氧化还原反应中是很重要的一种酶,但它在催化有机分子脱氢反应时需烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸（NAD＋）参与,后者从底物接收电子生成还原形NADH.脱氢酶电极是根据NADH的电化学氧化产生的阳极电流构成的[1－3].然而NADH与裸体炭电极和铂金电极之间的直接电子传递是非常困难的,往往需一个相当高的过电位[4].另一个问题是生成物易将电极玷污[5,6].克服这些问题的方法是使用均相电子传递介质,例如在底物溶液中加入Meldola蓝、Nile蓝A和NMP＋甲替硫酸盐等[7－9],及复相电子传递介质,例如将镍六氰基高铁酸盐固…     

硫堇的电化学聚合及聚硫堇的性质

使用循环伏安法实现了硫堇在酸性溶液中的电化学聚合.聚硫堇是一种蓝色物质,它的颜色能随电位迅速变化.在0.50 mol•dm－3 HCl 至pH 6.0的溶液中,聚硫堇具有很好的电化学可逆性、稳定性和快速传递电子的能力.测定了聚硫堇的可见光谱和红外光谱,根据红外光谱,提出了硫堇的电化学聚合机理的假设.