荧光猝灭法和动态光散射法研究1-丙醇和2-丙醇对水溶液中 蛋白质构象的影响

应用荧光猝灭法和动态光散射技术测定牛血清白蛋白(BSA)与荧光素在正丙醇-水和异丙醇-水混合溶剂中的相互作用距离和BSA的流体动力学半径, 研究正丙醇和异丙醇对水溶液中蛋白质构象的影响. 结果显示, 正丙醇-水和异丙醇-水混合溶剂中BSA与荧光素的相互作用距离和BSA的流体动力学半径随着正丙醇和异丙醇浓度的增加而先减小后增大, 表明低浓度的正丙醇和异丙醇有利于蛋白质形成紧密的构象, 而较高浓度的正丙醇和异丙醇则破坏蛋白质的紧密构象. 试验中观察到BSA与荧光素在正丙醇-水混合溶剂中的结合距离大于同浓度的异丙醇-水混合溶剂中的结合距离, 而BSA在前者的流体动力学半径小于后者, 说明无支链的正丙醇分子易于与蛋白质的疏水基团产生较强的疏水相互作用, 而带支链的异丙醇分子的疏水性较弱, 有利于与蛋白质分子的亲水基团相互作用而积聚在蛋白质表面.     

正丙醇和异丙醇对水溶液中牛血清白蛋白的构象及其荧光光谱的影响

通过测定牛血清白蛋白(BSA)-正丙醇-水和BSA-异丙醇-水体系中BSA的发射荧光(λex=280nm、295nm)和同步荧光(△λ=15nm、60nm),结合静态光散射技术,探索正丙醇和异丙醇对水溶液中蛋白质的构象和荧光光谱的影响.结果表明,正丙醇和异丙醇使蛋白质发生部分解折叠现象,低浓度的正丙醇和异丙醇水溶液能轻微增强蛋白质的结构稳定性.但是,总体上,正丙醇和异丙醇是弱的蛋白质变性剂,在浓度较高的体系中,体系的混合状态的变化对BSA的荧光强度的变化起主导作用.     

光谱法研究尿素对水溶液中血红蛋白构象的影响

应用荧光猝灭法和动态光散射法测定尿素-水混合溶剂中血红蛋白(Hb)与联苯胺的结合距离和Hb的流体动力学半径. 结合Hb的荧光光谱和吸收光谱, 探讨尿素与蛋白质分子在水溶液中相互作用的机理及其对蛋白质构象的影响. 结果显示, 尿素分子取代水分子在蛋白质周围形成溶剂化层, 并与骨架肽链和亲水侧链形成氢键, 从而积聚在蛋白质分子表面. 尿素分子与蛋白质分子之间的直接相互作用对蛋白质的构象具有复杂的影响, 高浓度的尿素-水混合溶剂破坏蛋白质的构象, 而低浓度的混合溶剂则有利于蛋白质形成更紧密的构象. 在高浓度的尿素-水混合溶剂中, Hb血红素疏水空穴失去原有的三级结构后形成一个与熔球态相类似的结构.     

叔丁醇-水混合溶剂的混合状态对牛血清白蛋白构象的影响

应用动态光散射法测定了叔丁醇(TBA)-水混合溶剂中牛血清白蛋白(BSA)流体动力学半径, 并通过分析BSA的荧光光谱和紫外-可见光吸收光谱, 研究BSA在TBA-水混合溶剂中的构象变化. 同时, 通过分析TBA-水二元体系和BSA-TBA-水三元体系静态散射光的变化, 探讨TBA-水溶剂体系的混合状态及其对BSA在水溶液中构象变化的影响. 结果表明, TBA-水溶剂体系的混合状态与BSA的构象变化密切相关, 低浓度的混合溶剂中, 水分子在TBA周围形成疏水水化结构, 与蛋白质疏水基团的选择性结合, 破坏了蛋白质的稳定结构, 但是, 少量TBA的加入削弱了蛋白质疏水基团间的疏水相互作用, 有利于蛋白质形成更紧密的构象; 高浓度的混合溶剂中, TBA分子相互聚集形成胶束, 削弱了对蛋白质的变性作用.     

丙三醇对水溶液中血红蛋白构象的影响——荧光猝灭和动态光散射研究

利用荧光猝灭法和动态光散射法测定丙三醇-水混合溶剂中血红蛋白(Hb)与联苯胺的结合距离和Hb的流体动力学半径, 并通过分析Hb荧光光谱和吸收光谱的变化, 探讨丙三醇与蛋白质分子在水溶液中相互作用的机理及其对蛋白质构象的影响. 结果表明, 丙三醇-水混合溶剂中Hb通过优先水化作用形成更紧密的构象, 溶剂体系的氢键形成能力下降对稳定蛋白质的构象有重要的影响, 丙三醇浓度较高的混合溶剂中氢键网络发生崩塌, 导致蛋白质构象产生进一步的折叠. 实验显示, 尽管Hb在丙三醇-水混合溶剂中保持较完整的血红素疏水空穴结构, 但是血红素疏水空穴以外肽段的构象发生显著变化, 并对血红蛋白的聚集状态造成一定的影响.     

双亲嵌段共聚物P103对牛血清白蛋白构象的影响

利用傅立叶变换红外光谱和傅立叶变换拉曼光谱研究了牛血清白蛋白(BSA)与双亲嵌段共聚物P103作用过程中蛋白质构象的变化规律。研究表明,当P103浓度较低时,BSA二级结构变化不大,当P103浓度为16 g/L或以上时,α-螺旋结构由45.9%降至40%以下,β-折叠结构升高,由6.1%增至17%左右,同时无规结构略微下降。P103的加入主要改变BSA分子内部氢键的结合方式,使α-螺旋结构转变为β-折叠结构;P103的加入还影响BSA中氨基酸侧链的微环境变化和蛋白质二硫键的构象变化。     

三种氨基酸在尿素-水混合溶剂中的体积性质

用精密密度法详细测定甘氨酸、L-丙氨酸、L-丝氨酸在尿素-水混合溶剂中的表观摩尔体积.计算了三种氨基酸从水到尿素-水混合溶剂的迁移偏摩尔体积,结合前期的氨基酸从水到尿素-水混合溶剂的迁移焓,探讨尿素-水混合溶剂的结构特点及其对氨基酸与尿素相互作用的影响.结果表明,尿素分子在水中自缔合,引起溶剂结构的变化并削弱其与氨基酸分子的结构相互作用,造成氨基酸从水到尿素-水混合溶剂的迁移偏摩尔体积和迁移焓随尿素浓度的增加而出现多个变化点,这一效应随着氨基酸疏水性的增强而增大,表明氨基酸的疏水性越强,其与尿素相互作用引起的去水化作用越明显.     

荧光素钠与牛血清蛋白相互作用的荧光光谱研究及其分析应用

采用荧光光谱研究了荧光素钠与牛血清蛋白(BSA)间的相互作用, 根据荧光淬灭相关方程分别计算了淬灭速率常数、结合常数、结合位点数及热力学参数, 确定了BSA对荧光素钠的淬灭机理及作用方式, 根据能量转移理论求得荧光素钠与BSA的结合距离及能量转移率, 结合三维、同步荧光光谱研究了荧光素钠对BSA构象的影响|在一定范围内荧光素钠的淬灭程度与BSA浓度成正比, 据此建立一种荧光素钠测定蛋白的方法, 线性范围为0.15×10^－7～15× 10^－7 mol•L^–1, 方法具有高灵敏度, 检测极限为0.146×10^－8 mol•L^–1, 文中还考察了不同pH值和干扰物质对于测定结果的影响, 用于人血清中总蛋白含量测定结果与考马斯亮蓝法基本一致.     

三七总皂甙对牛血清白蛋白溶液构象的影响

应用衰减全反射傅立叶变换红外光谱结合荧光光谱和紫外光谱研究了中药三七 的有效成分三七总皂甙与牛血清白蛋白（BSA）的相互作用，采用对蛋白质红外光 谱酰氨Ⅰ带和酰氨Ⅲ带进行曲线拟合的方法，定量分析了不同浓度三七总皂甙对 BSA二级结构的影响，发现随着三七总皂甙浓度的增加，蛋白分子结构逐渐发生了 由螺旋向折叠的转化。a-螺旋结构减少了3%，β-折叠结构增加了约5%，其它二级 结构没有明显的变化，红外差谱和荧光光谱的结果为药物与蛋白质的作用引起牛血 清白蛋白溶液构象的变化提供了佐证，紫外光谱反映了单体皂甙与蛋白质的结合常 数的差异。     

光谱法与分子对接法研究山柰酚对牛血清白蛋白二级结构的影响

采用分子对接技术和同步荧光光谱法、红边激发荧光位移法(REES法)及圆二色谱法(CD)共同研究了山柰酚与牛血清白蛋白(BSA)在pH7.40的缓冲溶液中的相互作用。分子对接的结果表明,山柰酚的B环插入到BSA的ⅡA结构域中的疏水腔内,与色氨酸残基(Trp212)的距离为12.96,维系药物与蛋白质的主要作用力为疏水作用。通过荧光光谱法测得二者之间相互作用力主要为疏水性相互作用,结合位点为1,与分子模拟结果一致。同步荧光光谱及REES法的研究表明,发生相互作用的过程中BSA的色氨酸残基处于运动受限的微环境中,而适当增加山柰酚的浓度能够改变色氨酸微环境的流动性,进而对BSA的构象产生一定影响;同时,圆二色谱的定量计算结果也表明,一定浓度的山柰酚与BSA的相互作用引起了α-螺旋含量的显著降低,从11.91%降低到1.67%,对BSA的二级结构产生一定影响。     

Conformational Stability of Bovine Serum Albumin in Aqueous Amides: A Further Insight into the Mechanism of Urea Acting on the Protein

The binding distances of fluorescein to bovine serum albumin (BSA) in formamide‐water and N,N‐dimethyl‐ formamide‐water mixtures were determined by fluorescence quenching method and compared with the values in urea‐water mixtures in our previous work. The results, together with the analysis of fluorescence spectra, were utilized to probe the conformational stability of protein in aqueous amides, providing a further insight into the mechanism of urea acting on protein. The spectral properties of BSA showed significant difference in the aqueous solutions of the three kinds of amide and indicated that both NH₂ group and C=O group could form hydrogen bond with the protein, serving as donor and acceptor, respectively. However, the results revealed that the multiple hydrogen bonds of NH₂ group with back bond and hydrophilic side chains of the protein played a key role in the nonspecific urea‐mediated network of intramolecular interaction due to its higher hydrogen bonding capability compared to C=O group.     

激光光散射与荧光光谱法研究大豆苷与牛血清白蛋白作用及聚集态

荧光光谱法和动态光散射法研究大豆苷与牛血清白蛋白在生理条件下的相互作用. 研究表明, 大豆苷与牛血清白蛋白能形成2∶l复合物, 荧光猝灭属于静态猝灭过程; 大豆苷与牛血清白蛋白分子间主要的结合作用力为疏水作用; 310 K下, 两者结合常数和结合位点数分别为7.4×l04 L•mol―1和1.75; 大豆苷使牛血清白蛋白的构象发生了变化; 动态光散射数据探讨了牛血清白蛋白与大豆苷分子产生聚集与之相互作用, 进一步证实了牛血清白蛋白在大豆苷水溶液中的构象变化. 实验结果为进一步研究大豆苷对心血管疾病的药理作用, 特别是对血浆蛋白构象的影响提供了重要依据.     

How does the urea dynamics differ from water dynamics inside the reverse micelle?

In this study, the urea dynamics inside AOT reverse micelle (RM) has been monitored without intervention of water using time-resolved fluorescence techniques from the picosecond to nanosecond time regime. It has been observed that urea dynamics inside the reverse micelle is severely retarded compared to water RM due to the formation of highly networked urea cluster inside the RM. Time-resolved fluorescence anisotropy study also confirms the existence of a confined environment around the dye at higher concentrations of urea inside the reverse micelle. The dynamics of urea-water mixtures inside AOT reverse micelle has also been monitored with increasing urea concentration to get insight about the effect of urea on the overall solvation dynamics feature. It has been observed that with the increase in urea concentration, the overall dynamics becomes slower, and it infers the presence of few water or urea molecules, those strongly associated with surrounding urea and (or) water by hydrogen bonds.     

Synthesis and characterization of carbon nanotubes covalently functionalized with amphiphilic polymer coated superparamagnetic nanocrystals

The kinetic investigations of oxidation of tris(1,10-phenanthroline)iron(II) by oxone have been studied spectrophotometrically in phosphate buffer medium of pH 6.8, temperature 308 K, and ionic strength 0.25 mol L(-1). The reactions were also carried out in presence of globular transport protein, bovine serum albumin (BSA) having isoelectric point 4.9, anionic surfactant sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), and their mixtures. The critical aggregation concentration (CAC) and critical micelle concentration (CMC) of SDS in presence of BSA have been determined using conductivity and kinetic measurement techniques. The secondary structure of BSA was examined by Circular Dichroism (CD) measurement at 308 K. The helix nature of BSA decreases with increase of SDS concentration. The effect of pH on rate in presence of BSA is opposite to its absence, and the effect of urea on rate in presence of BSA indicates the denaturation of BSA. The results depict that amphiphile SDS interacts with BSA and different molecular events, for example, specific binding, cooperative binding, protein unfolding, and micelle formation act. Activation parameters of the reaction in different environments have been determined.     

荧光各向异性法快速测定荧光标记物对蛋白质的标记比

免疫荧光技术是免疫学检测的重要手段之一,该技术在病原微生物的早期诊断、自身免疫研究、抗原或抗体的免疫组化定位等方面都得到了广泛应用^[1].荧光色素对抗体(或抗原)标记比的测定是免疫荧光技术的重要部分.     

Sodium dodecyl sulfate promoting a cooperative association process of sodium cholate with bovine serum albumin

Sodium cholate (NaC) was used as a representative bile salt in the process of cooperative binding to bovine serum albumin (BSA) in a mixture with sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS). The experiments were performed in 0.02 M Tris-HCl buffer solution (pH 7.50), in the presence of 0.1% BSA and at 25 degrees C. The aim of this study is to provide information on the performance of the BSA in the promotion of cooperative binding of sodium cholate promoted by the presence of SDS. The method used to monitor the binding was based on the analysis of the effect of SDS and NaC concentrations and their mixtures upon the fluorescence intensity of the BSA tryptophan residues. Plots of the fluorescence emission bands in terms of the A0/A ratio vs surfactant concentrations, where A0 and A represent the areas of emission bands in the presence and absence of the surfactants, respectively, were drawn in order to investigate the surfactant interaction with the protein. An alternative methodology, the specific conductivity vs surfactant concentration plots, was used, which involves mixtures of SDS and NaC to investigate the association processes, through the determination of the critical aggregation concentration (cac, when in the presence of protein) and the critical micellar concentration (cmc). The results led to a general conclusion that as the mixed micellar aggregates become richer in the bile salt monomer, the tendency to lose the reactivity with the protein increases. According to our results, a clear evidence of the predomination of BSA-SDS-NaC complexes is found only for the SDS molar fraction above approximately 0.6, and below this fraction a tendency toward free mixed micelles starts to predominate.