HERA硬光生过程中的光子产生

在领头级近似下计算了HERA硬光生过程中直接光子和分解光子与质子作用的单、双光子产生截面.结果表明:当x_T≤0.15时,对单光子产生的主要贡献来自于分解光子过程;当x_T≥0.15时,主要贡献来自于直接光子过程.双光子的主要产生源则是分解光子的两个子过程:qq→γγ和gg→γγ,且双光子的产生截面与同等条件下,h₁h₂→γγX的截面在同一量级.研究双光子产生有助于探明分解光子的结构.     

HERA分解光子过程中的双喷注产生

在次领头级(NLO)近似下计算了HERA分解光子过程中的双喷注截面.结果表明:在分解光子过程中,NLO修正量(当不变质量大于20GeV时)约为LO的0.5到1.这一结果可解释ZEUS的数据分析结果:“LOQCD理论值比实验值低1.5到2个因子.”当双喷注不变质量M_JJ<30GeV=,快度y_JJ<—1时,光子的胶子分布决定了双喷注截面.利用这一特点可测量光子的胶子分布.当双喷注不变质量较大时(例如:M_JJ>30GeV),-1JJ<0时,光子的夸克分布决定了双喷注截面,利用这一特点可测量光子的夸克分布.     

CHEMICAL POTENTIAL QUANTIZATION AND BOSE-EINSTEIN CONDENSATION

In this paper, first of all, we proved if the ideal Bose gas with a finite volume and number of particles has a non-degenerate single-particle energy level ε_n, the chemical potential μ can take the value μ_n=ε_n and there is a phase transition temperature T_p,n, where n=0,1,2… Taking ε₀≤ε_n<ε_n+1, then T_p,0≥T_p,n>T_p,n+1. When the temperature T>T_p,n or T≤T_p,n+1, μ≠ε_n and the most probable occupation number N_n=0. In the temperature interval T_p,n≥ T>T_p,n+1,μ=ε_n and 0≤N_n=N-Σ_jN_j<～supN_n, where N_j is the most probable occupation number in the degenerate level j. Thus, if the finite ideal Bose gas has some non-degenerate single-particle levels, there exists a characteristic temperature T_p=T_p,0. The chemical potential μ is quantized when T≤T_p, and this leads to the creation of a macroscopic quantum state (pure state) or Bose-Einstein condensation phase. T_p=T_p,0 is a first-order phase transition point, T_p,n≠0 is a zero-order phase transition point. Next, we obtained a new expression of the most probable distribution of the finite ideal Bose gas. In this expression N_j is directly proportional to g_j-1, where g_j and N_j are, respectively, the degeneracy and the most probable occupation number in the degenerate level j. This property agrees with what chemical potential can be quantized if there is a non-degenerate level for the finite ideal Bose gas. Finally, using this expression, we defined a micro-partition function M, obtained the statistical expressions of some thermodynamical quantities.     

Eu掺杂TbMnO3多晶材料的介电性质

采用固相反应法制备了Tb_0.8Eu_0.2MnO₃多晶材料.对样品的X射线衍射（XRD）分析表明Eu³⁺固溶于TbMnO₃中.测量了样品在低温(100 K ≤T≤ 300 K)和低频下(200 Hz≤f≤100 kHz)的复介电性质.在此温度区间内发现了两个介电弛豫峰.经分析认为低温峰（T≈170 K）起源于局域载流子漂移引起的偶极子极化效应,而高温峰（T≈290 K）则是由离子电导产生的边界和界面层的电容效应引起的.电阻率的测量显示在低温下（T≈230 K）存在明显的导电机制转变.     

高Tc超导红外探测器研究

本文简述了高T_c超导红外探测器的优越性、探测器工作原理以及热敏型高T_c红外探测器的研制方法和主要性能参数测试结果,并对光子型高T_c红外探测器的研制情况作了简单报道.     

关于利用库仑光生测量新粒子X(2800)衰变到2γ的宽度ΓX→2γ的建议

对于从J(3095)辐射衰变得出的新粒子X(2800),可以从高能γ光子在核子(原子核)上光生微分截面中紧靠0°的实验数据准确定出X→2γ的宽度。讨论了此过程有关的费曼图,分析和估计了其中的耦合常数,计算了能量为50GeV和100GeV的γ光子在质子上(和100GeV的γ光子在铅核上)从0°—3°的微分截面。结果表明,只要Γ_X→2γ不是远小于1keV,就可以利用这种库仑光生准确定出它的衰变宽度。     

s=630GeV pp碰撞中微喷注的新分析

根据喷注判定的圆锥法来判断喷注,重新分析了UA1-1985年的s=630GeV非单衍pp碰撞实验数据. 分析发现对事件样本,单事件平均横动量p_t与多重数n是正关联的,而对喷注事件子样本则是负关联的;分析了微喷注产生的关联和退关联,表明微喷注产生来源于非软过程和高阶效应;并首次从实验上观测到微喷注间存在大快度间隔内无粒子的事例,分析了微喷注产生时存在大快度gap的迹象.     

γ,p碰撞生两个大PTγ的反应截面的QCD预言

我们在γ-p质心系里用微扰QCD方法计算了γ+p→2γ(大P_T)反应的双微分截面d2σ/dx_Tdx_L, 并分析了它的两种可能的背景(γ+p→γ+q(q)和γ+p→γ+q(q)). 文中指出, 利用该反应所具备的大p_T光生和直接光子对出射过程的双重特点, 可以把这两种背景大大压低. 计算结果表明, 用QCD预言的γ+p→2γ(大P_T)反应不但具有本底干净的显著特点, 而且在相当大的(x_T, x_L)范围内, 计算得到的反应截面可以在目前的实验精度下测量. 因而, 在实验上精确测定此过程, 对于检验QCD上有意义的.     

在RHIC-PHENIX中sNN=200GeV Au+Au碰撞中直接光子的椭圆流测量

Azimuthal anisotropy of direct photon is measured in s_NN=200GeV Au+Au collisions at RHIC-PHENIX. Direct photon is one of the most effective probes to study properties of hot dence medium at initial state (also QGP state) of heavy ion collisions because photons almost do not interact strongly with any other particles caused by its long mean free path and they keep their conditions when they are created. Within statistical and systematic errors, the elliptic flow parameter (v₂) of direct photon is consistent with zero. Direct photon v₂ is estimated by hadron decay photon contamination are subtracted from inclusive photon v₂ in intermediate to high transverse momentum (p_T) region (0 to 10GeV/c) for 3 centrality selections (20% steps) and minimum bias.     

Technicolor模型下QCD对衰变B→Xτvτ的修正

在一代Technicolor模型下对内含的半轻子B衰变的()阶修正进行了计算. 将理论的预言与最近的实验结果比较,得到了荷电的色单态和色八重态赝标量粒子质量的下限:m_p>43GeV, M_P8>77GeV.     

利用RHIC-PHENIX寻找临界行为

Integrated two particle correlation functions have been extracted from charge particle multiplicity density fluctuations in pseudorapidity space by analyzing Au+Au collision events at s_NN=200GeV taken by RHIC-PHENIX. The correlation lengths as a function of the number of participants N_p indicate a non monotonic increase at around N_p=100 and the corresponding energy density based on the Bjorken picture is ε_Bjτ～2.5GeV.fm^－2. This could be a symptom of a critical behavior.     

不同能量的氦原子与同位素分子H2(D2，T2)碰撞分波截面的理论计算

用Tang-Toennies势模型和密耦近似方法计算了不同能量下惰性气体原子He与H₂及其同位素D₂，T₂替代碰撞体系的振转激发碰撞截面. 通过分析He-H₂(D₂，T₂)各碰撞体系分波截面的差异，总结出在H₂分子的对称同位素替代情形下He-H₂(D₂，T₂)碰撞体系分波截面随量子数和体系     

INTERNAL FRICTION AND ULTRASONIC ATTENUATION RELATED TO CARRIERS IN HIGH Tc SUPERCONDUCTORS

For both BiSrCaCuO and TlBaCaCuO samples, internal frictions (Q^-1) in the kHz range reveal a plateau (Q^-1_p) above T_c and a rapid drop below T_c with the turning points located just at T_c for various samples with different T_c. This anomaly cannot be observed in non-superconducting samples. The ultrasonic attenuation (α) in TlBaCaCuO displays similar results to the internal friction. Moreover, it is discovered that the Q^-1_p is nearly proportional to the carrier density for Y(Pr)BaCuO and Gd(Pr)BaCuO with different Pr contents. These results show that the drop of Q^-1 and a below T_c is closely related to superconducting condensation. The Q^-1_p and α_p can be explained using coupling-model of carriers with local dynamic distortion because high T_c superconductors are strong-correlation systems. Furthermore, by taking account of the smearing of superconducting gap structure resulting from the recombination of quasi-particles and by modifying the BCS relative jump rate as S(E, E', Γ) = Re{1-Δ²/[(E-iΓ)(E'-iΓ)]}, the calculated results of internal friction and ultrasonic attenuation below T_c are in good agreement with the experimental data. The superconducting gap Δ and the damping rate Γ for both BiSrCaCuO and TlBaCaCuO have also been obtained, they are in accordance with those got by tunneling spectrum and NMR methods, etc.     

在α(p,p')ηα反应中的N(1535)激发及η介子产生

在相对论介子与核相互作用理论框架下, 对α(p,p')ηα反应进行了理论分析, 讨论了在入射质子和靶核上的N^*(1535)激发机制的特点. 以⁴He靶核为例, 在入射质子动能T_p=2.8GeV的情况下, 计算了反应截面, 末态ηN不变质量谱和出射η介子的角分布, 讨论了在兰州重离子冷却储存环(CSR)上开展实验研究的意义和可能性.     

部分子在核中多次散射的蒙特卡罗模拟

本文提出了用输运理论处理部分子在核中多次硬散射的方法和相应的蒙特卡罗技巧.用偏畸抽样办法克服了Q²依赖性的困难.作为例子,计算了p(E_p=400GeV)+W反应中π⁺产生对p+p反应中π⁺产生的比值.计算结果与实验符合得相当好.     

波段外激光辐照光导型InSb探测器的一种新现象

利用不同功率密度的10.6 μm(光子能量为0.12 eV)连续激光辐照了禁带宽度为0.228 eV的光导型锑化铟探测器, 得到了与以往报道不同的实验现象. 当10.6 μm波段外激光辐照光导型探测器时, 探测器吸收激光能量后温度升高. 在探测器的温升过程中, 存在一个转变温度T₀. 当探测器的温度T<T₀时, 载流子浓度基本不变, 迁移率随温度的升高呈T^-2.35趋势下降, 引起探测器的电导率减小, 电阻增大, 响应输出电压升高; 当T>T₀时, 热激发载流子浓度随温度的升高呈指数增长, 电阻急剧下降, 超过了载流子迁移率降低对电阻的影响, 响应输出急剧下降. 光电导探测器在较高功率密度波段外激光辐照下的响应特性是载流子的浓度和迁移率在温度影响下相互作用的结果. 这对进一步完善半导体内载流子输运模型提供了实验依据.     

高能h-A碰撞

本文在QCD修正的Drell-Yan机制和矢量介子中间态贡献下,利用NMC组的1-A深度非弹在0.00352<90MeV²/c²测量的结构函数比值R_A(x,Q²),通过重标度模型解释了WA-78组对(π^－,P)+A→μμ+X过程在2m_μ≤m_μμ≤1.5GeV和0.1≤x_F≤0.6内的测量结果.将它们与在不同的m_1l和x_F区间测量的CIP组结果对比,解释了为什么靶核在前者中显示遮蔽效应面在后者中则显示出反遮蔽效应.指出通过重标度模型和其合理假定后,它们都与R_A(x,Q²)直接相关,从而进一步揭示了1-A深度非弹中核效应与h-A ll产生过程中核效应之间的本质联系.     

Interactions of charmed mesons with nucleons in the ¯<Emphasis Type="Italic">p</Emphasis><Emphasis Type="Italic">d</Emphasis> reaction

We study the possibility to measure the elastic ΦN (Φ≡J/ψ,ψ(2S), ψ(3770), χ_2c) scattering cross section in the reaction ˉp+d→Φ+n _sp and the elastic D(ˉD)N scattering cross section in the reaction ˉp+d→D ⁻ D ⁰ p _sp. Our studies indicate that the elastic scattering cross sections can be determined for Φ momenta about 4–6 GeV/c and D/ˉD momenta 2–5 GeV/c by selecting events with p _t≥ 0.4 GeV/c for Φ's and p _t(p _sp) ≥ 0.5 GeV/c for D/ˉD-meson production. Received: 8 November 1999     

6.8GeV/cπ-N非弹性作用下π0介子的产生

利用联合原子核研究所24立升丙烷气泡室照片,对动量为6.8GeV/cπ^-介子与核子非弹性作用产生π⁰介子的问题进行了研究。扫描了约2700对立体照片。在宽度为29.3厘米的有效范围内得到了1275个π^--N非弹性作用事例。在936个π^--p事例和339个π^--n事例中,观察到正电子、负电子对数目分别为240和89。考虑了气泡室对γ光子的探测效率,我们得到每个事例产生的平均π⁰介子数n_(π⁰)=1.00±0.06。γ光子的平均横动量为p_⊥γ=173MeV/c。此外,着重研究了γ光子的能量分布。在γ光子全部是由π⁰介子衰变产生以及π⁰介子和π^±介子具有相同能谱的假设下,利用在相同入射粒子能量的π^--N作用中所产生的次级π^±介子能量分布变换成γ光子的能量分布;将本实验所得的γ光子能量分布和变换得到的分布进行比较,这两个分布在实验误差范围内完全符合。     

组份夸克模型下的ηc→VV衰变问题

利用BS方法讨论了η_c→VV(包括η_c→ρρ,KK,φφ)问题,着重分析了夸克的组份质量和横动量效应对衰变振幅的影响.发现η_c→V_LV_T被严格禁戒.夸克横动量对增加衰变率有明显效应,但即使考虑了这些因素,理论值仍然比实验值小.