旋转圆柱等离子体中撕裂模和Kelvin-Helmholtz不稳定性的激发特性

采用约化的磁流体力学模型,数值研究了柱位形等离子体中q剖面和极向旋转剖面对q=1撕裂模不稳定性和Kelvin-Helmholtz(K-H)不稳定性的影响.随着旋转强度的增加,m/n=1/1模被逐渐抑制,而高阶谐波模式(如m/n=2/2,m/n=3/3等)会经历四个区间:撕裂模失稳区间、撕裂模致稳区间、稳定窗口区间和K-H不稳定性激发区间.更进一步,我们发现,m/n=1/1模的增长率随旋转强度的改变与剪切层所处位置有关,并且剪切层分布在有理面内外的结果基本一致;然而高阶谐波模式却没有此类现象.另外,有理面处磁剪切越小,撕裂模越容易被剪切流抑制,并且越容易激发K-H不稳定性.     

高能飞行粒子对托卡马克中内扭曲模的稳定效应

用普遍能量原理分析了托卡马克中具有各向异性高能飞行粒子成分等离子体对m=1,n=1内扭曲模的稳定性,发现刚刚飞行的高能粒子对此模能提供稳定作用,并比较了高能俘获粒子和高能飞行粒子对内扭曲模稳定作用的异同及其物理图象。 关键词：     

HL-2A 装置中高能量捕获电子鱼骨模不稳定性研究

结合HL-2A 装置的参数,在电子回旋共振加热(ECRH)离(在)轴加热的情况下,研究高能量捕获电子驱动的鱼骨模不稳定性。数值结果表明,高能量电子极向比压β_h 大于某一个比压阈值β_h,crit 时,鱼骨模会被高能量电子激发,其频率随高能量电子极向比压的增大而缓慢增加且与高能量电子的环向进动频率一致;比压阈值β_h,crit 随着高能量电子密度剖面峰化程度的增加而减小,但当密度剖面增大到一定值时比压阈值β_h,crit 趋近于一个常数。此外,还分析了箍缩角和扰动能对鱼骨模实频和增长率的影响。发现在箍缩角α₀ =1附近增长率有一极小值,表明高能量勉强通行电子对鱼骨模具有稳定作用;而扰动能 δWˆ_c增大时,鱼骨模表现出实频变大而增长率变小的特征,这表明了本底等离子体对鱼骨模有一定的稳定效果。     

激光拍频波加速器的参数选择

本文研究了激光拍频波加速器中的三波相互作用过程。结果表明:适当地选择参数σ=ω_p/(ω₁-ω₂)以及β=ω₂/ω₁(ω_p,ω₁,ω₂分别为等离子体频率及两束激光频率),即可用较弱的激光造成很强的拍频等离子体波,并使注入等离子体的电子获得显著的能量增益。 关键词：     

CT-6B托卡马克的锯齿模拟

一、基本方程与计算方法 1.锯齿模式锯齿上升部分可做如下解释,焦耳加热使电流分布变尖,q减小,致使m=1的撕裂模变得不稳定,磁岛将增长。r_s是q=1处的半径,由下式给出 q(r_s)=1. (1) 磁岛宽度由给出。式中W_o为初值,Y是m=1/n=1模的线性增长率     

电子迴旋激射不稳定性

本文分析了下述情况下的电子迴旋波的激射不稳定性:当相对性的单能高能电子斜向注入具有背景等离子体的磁场区域内,并且在电子等离子体频率与电子迴旋频率可以比拟时,考虑了背景等离子体密度远大于单能的高能电子的密度,以及与前者相反的两种情况。当单能的高能电子具有弱相对论性效应时,在电子迴旋频率的基频和二次谐波附近,分别有ο模和χ模的不稳定性存在。文中计算了这两种模的增长率,并作了讨论。 关键词：     

自由边界载流等离子体柱的电阻螺旋模不稳定性的数值计算

本文采用两步隐式差分格式研究了自由边界载流等离子体柱的电阻螺旋模不稳定性。发现等离子体温度剖面越宽和越高,m=2的撕裂模的线性稳定就越好。计算结果与实验相符合。     

一种同步回旋激射不稳定性对电磁波的直接放大

本文讨论了一种同步回旋激射不稳定性对电磁波的直接放大,它基于少量在速度空间具有空心分布的中等相对论性高能电子束与本底等离子体中本征电磁模的共振相互作用。主要关心的是的参数区域(ω_e为电子等离子体频率,Ω_e为电子回旋频率)。计算表明,若电子束的单能性很高,则不稳定性增长率比同样参数下由动力效应计算得出的增长率高若干个数量级,且最大增长率处在2ω_e附近。     

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证明了用能量原理推导出的关于圆柱等离子体局部模的Suydam不稳定性,对应的动能变化量趋于无穷大,故其增长率趋于零。通过对Hain-Lust方程求解知道,Suydam不稳定性的真实物理意义是,它对应于一系列低模数的广域不稳定模,其增长率随模数加大而减小。实际上,任何扭曲模分析都一定要正确处理共振面附近的求解问题。提出了不满足Suydam判据时外扭曲模的一个求解方法。     

中性束注入在EAST中激发的离散阿尔文不稳定性

中性束加热将应用于先进实验超导托卡马克装置中, 在改善等离子性能的同时也会激发起多种阿尔文不稳定性. 本文主要采用了数值模拟的方法在理论上研究了中性束注入时在台基区激发的离散阿尔文本征模(αTAE) 和环效应阿尔文本征模(TAE), 结果表明在这个区域会激发出丰富的离散阿尔文不稳定性, 这种离散阿尔文不稳定性不同于传统的TAE, 这种模式是俘获在气球模驱动势阱中的束缚态, 由于气球模势阱的存在使它和连续谱解耦, 从势阱中漏出去的能量可以忽略不计, 和TAE类似都很容易被激发, 这种模式可以存在于gap内, 也可以存在于gap外, 频谱更宽泛. 注入功率越大这种不稳定性增长率越大. 这种不稳定性可能会影响等离子体的物理行为, 从而影响等离子体的约束.     

Energetic-ion excited internal kink modes with weak magnetic shear in q0> 1 tokamak plasmas

The energetic particle driven internal kink mode is investigated in this paper for q0 1 tokamak plasma with weak magnetic shear. With the effect of energetic particles, the m/n = 1/1 internal mode structure in tokamak plasma does not appear as a rigid step-function when safety factor passes through q = 1 rational surface. It is found that even when the rational surface is removed, the mode may be still unstable under the low magnetic shear condition if the energetic particle drive is strong enough; with the low shear region of safety factor profile widening, the mode becomes more unstable with its growth-rate increasing. Furthermore, we find that the existence of the q = 1 rational surface does not have a significant effect on the stability of the plasma if energetic particles are present, which is very different from the scenarios of the ideal-MHD modes.     

Nonlinear evolution of q=1 triple tearing modes in a tokamak plasma

In magnetic configurations with two or three q=1 (with q being the safety factor) resonant surfaces in a tokamak plasma, resistive magnetohydrodynamic modes with poloidal mode numbers m much larger than 1 are found to be linearly unstable. It is found that these high-m double or triple tearing modes significantly enhance through nonlinear interactions the growth of the m=1 mode. This may account for the sudden onset of the internal resistive kink, i.e., the fast sawtooth trigger. Based on the subsequent reconnection dynamics that can proceed without formation of the m=1 islands, it is proposed that high-m triple tearing modes are a possible mechanism for precursor-free partial collapses during sawtooth oscillations.     

Internal kink instability during off-axis electron cyclotron current drive in the DIII-D tokamak

Experimental evidence is reported of an internal kink instability driven by a new mechanism: barely trapped suprathermal electrons produced by off-axis electron cyclotron heating on the DIII-D tokamak. It occurs in plasmas with an evolving safety factor profile q(r) when q(min) approaches 1. This instability is most active when ECCD is applied on the high field side of the flux surface. It has a bursting behavior with poloidal/toroidal mode number = m/n = 1/1. In positive magnetic shear plasmas, this mode becomes the fishbone instability. This observation can be qualitatively explained by the drift reversal of the barely trapped suprathermal electrons.     

Simplified Ideal MHD Normal Mode Equations for Toroidal Axisymmetric Plasmas

The ideal MHD normal mode equations for general toroidal axisymmetric plasmas can be significantly simplified by properly treating the compressibility team limiting cases: and c_s is the plasma sound velocity.These equations describing the general global modes (the low n, m mode) contain only two scalar functions. For tokamak plasmas, a further simplification, the shear Alfven approkimation, is introduced. It makes possible to describe the global mode by a simplified eigenmode equation with only one scalar function. This eigenequation, similar to the reduced tokamak equations widely used in recent literatures, provides a unified way to analyze the kink, Alfven spectrum and MHD TAE modes.     

Onset and saturation of the kink instability in a current-carrying line-tied plasma

An internal kink instability is observed to grow and saturate in a line-tied screw pinch plasma. Detailed measurements show that an ideal, line-tied kink mode begins growing when the safety factor q = (4pi2r2B(z))/(mu0I(p)(r)L) drops below 1 inside the plasma; the saturated state corresponds to a rotating helical equilibrium. In addition to the ideal mode, reconnection events are observed to periodically flatten the current profile and change the magnetic topology.     

Obliquely propagating quantum solitary waves in quantum‐magnetized plasma with ultra‐relativistic degenerate electrons and positrons

The oblique propagation of the quantum electrostatic solitary waves in magnetized relativistic quantum plasma is investigated using the quantum hydrodynamic equations. The plasma consists of dynamic relativistic degenerate electrons and positrons and a weakly relativistic ion beam. The Zakharov‐Kuznetsov equation is derived using the standard reductive perturbation technique that admits an obliquely propagating soliton solution. It is found that two types of quantum acoustic modes, that is, a slow acoustic mode and fast acoustic mode, could be propagated in our plasma model. The parameter that determines the nature of soliton, that is, compressive or rarefactive soliton, for slow mode is investigated. Our numerical results show that for the slow mode, the determining parameter is ion beam velocity in the case of relativistic degenerate electrons. We also have examined the effects of plasma parameters (like the beam velocity, the density ratio of positron to electron, the relativistic factor, and the propagation angle) on the characteristics of solitary waves.     

Geodesic acoustic mode induced by toroidal rotation in tokamaks

The effect of toroidal rotation on the geodesic acoustic mode (GAM) in a tokamak is studied. It is shown that, in addition to a small frequency upshift of the ordinary GAM, another GAM, with much lower frequency, is induced by the rotation. The new GAM appears as a consequence of the nonuniform plasma density and pressure created by the centrifugal force on the magnetic surfaces. Both GAMs in a rotating plasma are shown to exist both as continuum modes with finite mode numbers m and n at the rational surfaces q=m/n as well as in the form of axisymmetric modes with m=n=0.     

Effect of energy dependent cross-section on flow velocity measurements with charge exchange spectroscopy in magnetized plasma

Charge exchange spectroscopy (CXS) is widely used to measure plasma flow velocity. Accurate measurement is heavily affected by energy dependent cross section between neutral atoms and impurity ions. One symmetric layout of poloidal CXS is applied on Large Helical Device. Correction velocity due to the cross section is exacted from total velocity when actual plasma flow velocity is acquired with the benefit of this layout. A linear relationship between correction velocity and ion temperature is observed. Abundant discharges with wide plasma conditions are investigated and the ratio of correction velocity to ion temperature with the same beam energy shows the normal distribution. The impact of beam energy on the ratio of correction velocity to ion temperature of the carbon system and the hydrogen system is discovered based upon the statistics. Effective emission coefficient (Q) from Atomic Data and Analysis Structure (ADAS) is utilized to study the dependence of correction velocity on Q. The relationship in which the ratio of correction velocity to ion temperature increases linearly with the increasing normalized effective emission coefficient ((1/Q)dQ/dv) is observed. Experimental (1/Q)dQ/dv is obtained according to this observation, and comparison with different fractions of n?=?2 excited state is also discussed. The influence of different receivers (carbon and hydrogen) is also presented. The experimental (1/Q)dQ/dv from the carbon system decreases with beam energy decreasing when beam energy is less than 30 keV/amu. This tendency of (1/Q)dQ/dv at low beam energy indicates the existence of the contribution of n?=?2 excited state donors to the cross section.     

A Raman regime free-electron laser in a partially dielectric-loadedwaveguide

A partially dielectric-loaded waveguide supports modes with phase velocity ν_ph>c/∈^1/2, where ∈ is the dielectric constant of the lining. The coupling of a fast mode (with ν_ph>c) with a slow mode (with c /∈^1/2<ν_ph<c) via a negative-energy beam mode gives rise to the explosive growth of all the three waves at the expense of the energy of the beam. The slow mode of lower frequency can be launched from an external source and can become an efficient wiggler for the generation of the fast free-electron laser mode