电子束驱动的回旋激射不稳定性进一步的数值研究

鉴于近来发现的弱相对论性电子束驱动的回旋激射(maser)不稳定性在太阳射电发射中的重 要应用，在Chen等的理论模型的基础上，对回旋激射不稳定性主要特征在更广泛的参数范围 内进行了进一步的深入研究，丰富了此类等离子体不稳定性的基本内容，而且预期在天体射 电发射机理的研究中也将得到更广泛的应用. 关键词： 回旋激射不稳定性 弱相对论性电子束 增长率     

提高等离子体密度抑制逃逸电子束不稳定性的实验研究

利用ECE电子回旋辐射和Ha线辐射等托卡马克物理诊断系统,研究了Slide-away放电过程中提高等离子体密度对非麦克斯维尔分布的逃逸电子所激发的逃逸电子束不稳定性影响作用。实验结果表明：在Slide-away放电模式下,提高等离子体密度能有效抑制逃逸电子束的不稳定性。     

提高等离子体密度抑制逃逸电子束不稳定性的实验研究

利用ECE电子回旋辐射和Ha线辐射等托卡马克物理诊断系统,研究了Slide-away放电过程中提高等离子体密度对非麦克斯维尔分布的逃逸电子所激发的逃逸电子束不稳定性影响作用.实验结果表明:在Slide-away放电模式下,提高等离子体密度能有效抑制逃逸电子束的不稳定性.     

损失锥-束流分布电子驱动的回旋激射不稳定性

在Chen等理论模型的基础上，对损失锥-束流分布电子激发的回旋激射不稳定性的主要特征 进行了深入研究，这种电子分布在太阳色球附近的磁重联过程中可能形成，它兼有束流和损 失锥的特性.结果表明，它不仅可以像束流分布和损失锥分布那样在适当的等离子体频率和 回旋频率的比值范围内激发X模和O模的基频和谐频不稳定性，兼有两种分布的激发特性，而 且具有更强的增长率.这一方面丰富了此类等离子体不稳定性的基本内容，而且预期在天体 射电发射机理的研究中也将得到广泛的应用. 关键词： 回旋激射不稳定性 弱相对论性 损失锥-束流分布电子 增长率     

电子束驱动的回旋激射不稳定性

对弱相对论性电子束驱动的回旋激射(maser)不稳定性的一般理论作了详细讨论.对在获得增长率实用表达式过程中若干解析表达式的推导与细节做了仔细的补充讨论和说明，还增加了增长率的近似表达式，并由此得到了回旋激射不稳定性主要特征的解析分析以及与精确计算的比较，使整个理论有一个完整的描述.侧重解析讨论，也提供了部分一般性的数值计算结果. 关键词： 回旋激射不稳定性 弱相对论性电子束 增长率     

相对论电子束在等离子体中的能量沉积

 用3维粒子模拟程序LARED-P研究了束-等离子体不稳定性, 不稳定性激发的强电磁场使电子束在非常短的距离内沉积能量。对于10 MeV的单能电子束,束电子数目占总电子数目5％的情况下,最终约损失14％的束能量。推导了等离子体的色散关系,得出了增长率。     

“A=2托卡马克堆芯等离子体基本特性研究”2006年进展

主要涉及两方面的研究内容：第一是托卡马克等离子体的磁流体气球模稳定性研究；第二是HL-2A装置电子回旋加热有关的基础理论问题。包括三方面研究成果：（1）简要报道了关于负剪切区电阻气球模不稳定性及本征函数特性，给出了增长率与等离子体参数的定标关系；（2）利用Solov’ev位形中严格的气球模方程，讨论了应用广泛的s，α平衡模型的正确性；（3）计算分析了由弱磁场侧垂直入射的电子回旋波寻常模在HL-2A等离子体中的功率沉积剖面。     

HL—1装置等离子体中X波段的微波反锯齿振荡

一、引言 对电子回旋频率和等离子体频率的辐射研究表明,在HL-1装置的低密度放电过程中,存在着相对论电子束。本实验中,用一个在HL-1装置赤道面上垂直于纵向磁场方向的天线,观测了频率小于等离子体频率ω_(pe)的X波段的微波辐射。发现在这个频段除了可以接收到强的稳态超热辐射外,在一定的密度范围内,还能观测到幅度很大的反锯齿振荡。它们和软X射线锯齿,等离子体密度有一定的关系。下面将给出这些实验结果。     

托卡马克等离子体逃逸放电中的驰豫振荡与电子回旋激射不稳定性

我们研究了托卡马克等离子体进制电子引起的电子回旋激射不稳定性发生的条件，发现由反常多普勒效应及切伦科夫效应确定的准稳态速度分布又会激发电子回旋激射不稳定性，且其对本底电子回旋辐射的放大频段低于回旋频率，这与ＨＬ－１实验观察一致。     

电子回旋激射不稳定性与磁化中子星的线发射

结合典型的磁化中子星HerX-1的硬X谱线,对相对论情形的电子回旋激射不稳定性作了进一步研究。计算了FX模的频率随传播方向的变化,FX模的增长率随波矢k的变化,中子星的引力和非热电子的平均动能对不稳定性增长率的影响,并对所得结果作了分析讨论。     

Guided-Wave Two-Dimensional Acousto-Optic Scanner Using Proton-Exchanged Lithium Niobate Waveguide

Two-dimensional scanning of a 0.6328 mum guided-light beam has been realized using noncolinear acousto-optic (AO) coplanar Bragg diffraction together with colinear AO guided-mode to substrate radiation-mode conversion in a Z-cut Xpropagation LiNbO3 proton-exchanged (PE) waveguide. The two surface acoustic (SAW) waves utilized are at the center frequencies of 500 and 200 MHz, propagating in the Y and X axes, respectively. Two-dimensional scanning of approximately 720 resolvable light beam spots, namely, 18 40 (horizontal vertical) scanning, has been demonstrated using a light beam of 1.0 mm aperture. The total number of resolvable beam spots can be greatly increased from 720 by simply utilizing SAW transducers of larger bandwidth and a light beam of greater aperture. It should also be possible to significantly increase the diffraction efficiency from 3 % by optimizing the parameters of the PE waveguide and the SAWs.     

Hybrid Wavelength and Code Division Multiple Access in Optical Networks

A review of schemes for multiple access in fiber optic networks shows that a hybrid of wavelength and code division multiple access (WCDMA) combines the best features of both. In particular, the hybrid scheme retains the large information carrying capacity of wavelength division multiple access (WDMA) and flexibility of code division multiple access (CDMA). In this paper WDMA, optical CDMA (OCDMA), and WCDMA networks are discussed. In OCDMA networks, concept of incoherent and coherent coding including inverse decoding and matched filter is introduced. The delay performance of both WDMA and WCDMA networks, under the simple suboptimum access protocols based on cyclic search, is computed. It has been shown quantitatively that tuning delay significantly affects the delay performance of both WDMA and WCDMA networks. Futhermore, delay performance of WCDMA networks is always better than the WDMA networks for the same tuning delay, load, and number of users.     

Effect ofγ-radiation on the spectral luminescence characteristics of impure cadmium tungstate crystals

Results of a study of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of cadmium tungstate crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations are presented. Spectral characteristics of the nondnnnoped crystals are briefly described. Absorption and photo and X-ray luminescence spectra of the crystals taken before and after exposure to γ-radiation (5.5·10⁴ Gy) are compared. It is found that the spectral characteristics of the crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations do not change markedly after the exposure. The relation between the type of impurity-induced defects, individual characteristics of the impurity cations, and the character of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of impure crystals is analyzed (preliminarily). Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 64, No. 1, pp. 55–60, January–February, 1997.     

Research on beamforming method for dual-line array with space mismatch between the two line arrays

The performance of port/starboard discrimination of dual-line array will be seriously degraded when the space between the two line arrays of the dual-line array is mismatched. The directivity function of the delay-sum and delay-subtract beamforming is deduced and the port/starboard discrimination of the delay-sum and delay-subtract beamforming is also studied both under the ideal status and the status under which the space between the two line arrays of the dual-line array is mismatched. Analysis results show the delay-subtract beamforming has better performance of port/starboard discrimination. At last, the sea trial results demonstrate the theoretical results.     

Retrieval of ultraviolet skylight radiances and O3 slant column densities from balloon-borne limb spectrometer

With a novel light-weight and absolutely calibrated ultraviolet （UV） spectrometer, UV skylight radiances and O3 slant column densities are measured by balloon-borne limb measurements in Xinjiang area, China. UV skylight radiances measured at the height of 31 km are compared with the results from Modtran in the wavelength range from 290 to 420 nm. O3 slant column densities are derived from radiance spectra in the Huggins bands （320 - 335 nm） using differential optical absorption spectroscopy method. And the parameter exhibits a good correlation with the same value simulated by radiative transfer model （Tracy）. The O3 profile simultaneously measured by an O3 sonde is used as input in Tracy calculations. The O3 sonde is launched on the same balloon.     

Design optimization of highly sensitive LSPR enhanced surface plasmon resonance biosensors with nanoholes

For breaking through the sensitivity limitation of conventional surface plasmon resonance (SPR) biosensors, novel highly sensitive SPR biosensors with Au nanoparticles and nanogratings enhancement have been proposed recently.But in practice, these structures have obvious disadvantages.In this study, a nanohole based sensitivity enhancement SPR biosensor is proposed and the influence of different structural parameters on the performance is investigated by using rigorous coupled wave analysis (RCWA).Electromagnetic field distributions around the nanohole are also given out to directly explain the performance difference for various structural parameters.The results indicate that significant sensitivity increase is associated with localized surface plasmons (LSPs) excitation mediated by nanoholes.Except to outcome the weakness of other LSP based biosensors, larger resonance angle shift, reflectance amplitude, and sharper SPR curves' width are obtained simultaneously under optimized structural parameters.     

Polymer gratings based on photopolymerization for low-order distributed feedback polymer lasers

Novel polymer distributed feedback(DFB)gratings are fabricated based on photopolymerization to reduce lasing threshold of polymer lasers.A photopolymer formulation sensitive to 355-nm ultraviolet(UV)light is proposed for the fabrication of polymer gratings and it can be used to form polymer films by spin-coating process.A very low surface-relief depth ranging from 12.5 to about 1.0 nm has been demonstrated with a refractive-index modulation of about 0.012.The experimental results indicate that such polymer gratings have promising potentials for the fabrication of low-order DFB organic semiconductor lasers.     

A novel methodology for photometric compensation of projection display on patterned screen

We propose a novel methodology based on the projector-camera (ProCam) system to address the photometric compensation issue for the projection display on the patterned screen.The patterned screen is treated as the combination of a perfect white screen and a color modulator.The perfect white screen is used to automatically and accurately characterize the ProCam system offline using the polynomial model,and the parameters of the color modulator can be efficiently recovered by employing only two gray images based on the linear reflectance model.The experimental results show that the color artifacts of the display image can be greatly improved with this methodology,which demonstrates its feasibility and validity in the photometric compensation.     

Direction-of-arrival estimation using matrix spatial prefiltering approach

An approach to direction-of-arrival （DOA） estimation for multiple narrowband farfield signals is proposed. The technique uses a novel matrix spatial prefiltering approach. Specifically, a matrix filter is designed to spatially filter the incoming data snapshots. The un-wanted components arriving from the stopband angular sectors are attenuated and the desired components from the angular sector of interest pass with minimal distortion. The matrix filter spatially filters the element-space data and the output reserves the element-space data property, which makes it very useful by passing sensor data through a spatial prefilter prior to applying many other array processors to attenuate interferences and improve system performance. Several examples of DOA estimation problem are presented to illustrate the performance of the proposed spatial prefiltering approach. Results of simulation and real data show that the pre-filter can efficiently attenuate the spatial interferences and significantly improve the estimation and resolution capability of DOA estimators at low signal-to-noise ratios for the sources located inside the passband sector. In addition, the use of spatial prefilter makes it possible to estimate DOAs for multiple sources more than the number of the elements of an array.     

Quantum efficiency calibration of opto-electronic detector by means of correlated photons method

A new calibration method of detectors can be realized by using correlated photons generated in spontaneous parametric down-conversion (SPDC) effect of nonlinear crystal.An absolute calibration system of detector quantum efficiency is performed.And its principle and experimental setup are introduced.A continuouswave (CW) ultraviolet (351 nm),diode-pumped,frequency-doubled,and solid-state laser is used to pump BBO crystal.The quantum efficiencies of the photomultiplier at 633,702,and 789 nm are measured respectively.The coincidence peaks are observed using coincidence circuit.Some measurement factors including the filter bandwidth of trigger channel,the detector position alignment and polarization of the pump light are analyzed.The uncertainties of this calibration method are also analyzed,and the relative uncertainties of total calibration are less than 5.8%.The accuracy of this method could be improved in the future.