吉林大学化学本科实践育人平台的建设

吉林大学化学学院传承前辈优良传统、紧跟时代步伐、紧紧围绕“以学生发展为中心”的理念,针对学校不同学院、不同专业本科学生培养目标,依托国家级实验教学示范中心教学平台和国家重点实验室的科研平台,承载了个性化、差异化、多层次的本科实践教学体系。在学校、学院的支持和保障下,与时俱进,通过不断优化课程设置、改善实验条件、提高教师业务水平等措施或方法,为本科化学实验教学和人才培养打造了高质量、高水准的实践育人平台。     

“三全育人”视阈下高校学科导论课程育人路径研究——“化学与社会”课程的问卷调研

以吉林大学化学学院开设的“化学与社会”课程为例,介绍学科导论课程“三全育人”初衷,探究学科导论课程“三全育人”路径。坚持内容为王,挖掘育人资源,创新教学方式,以期将思想政治工作融入学科导论课程各环节,助力“三全育人”综合改革。     

吉林大学应用化学学科:理工兼备 特色发展

吉林大学应用化学学科始建于1986年,依托吉林大学化学学科深厚理论基础与学术优势,经过几代应用化学学科人的不懈努力,逐渐形成了“理工兼备”的学科特色。在吉林大学化学学科70华诞之际,回顾了应用化学学科的发展历程,着重介绍了应用化学学科在本科教学与专业特色、科学研究与平台建设、人才培养与社会服务等3个方面取得的成绩,以及今后发展的设想。     

超分子化学课程建设与教学实践

超分子化学的教学在吉林大学已经开展了20多年,与超分子结构与材料国家重点实验室的科研工作相辅相成。通过对吉林大学超分子化学课程的开设目的、教学内容设计及参考书和教学方法及模式这3个方面的介绍,展现了超分子化学课程在吉林大学化学学院的建设与教学实践。这门课程的开设,使学生了解了超分子化学的历史,掌握了超分子化学的基本概念和主要研究方向。同时,介绍科学研究的目的和思维方法,培养了学生对于科学研究的兴趣。     

针对非高分子专业学生进行高分子化学课程综合教学模式的探索与实践

由于受到新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情的影响,教师无法顺利开展2020春季学期线下教学活动。为了更好地落实教育部提出的"停课不停教、停课不停学"的要求,确保教学质量,特别是针对化学专业(非高分子专业)的100多名本科生的教学,吉林大学化学学院高分子教学团队利用吉林大学在线学堂作为线上教学平台,后期配合线下教学课堂,同时辅助采用以课堂教学为切入点的课程思政体系建设,成功地开展了高分子化学课程在线教学的探索和实践。本课程根据化学专业本科生的教学基础和特点,以培养学生对于高分子学科的研究兴趣,而非直接灌输学生大量的概念、公式让学生死记硬背为理念,实现思想政治教育与知识体系教育的有机统一。通过在线和线下教学形式的组合有效地重组了教学资源,优化了教学过程,特别是思政元素与线上及线下课堂教学各环节的融合,有力地保证了新冠疫情防控期间教学进度的顺利完成与教学质量的提升。     

知识体系构建的本科教学实践

结合厦门大学本科分析化学基础课程的教学实践,对如何在本科基础课程教学中融入知识处理和学科知识体系一体化构建进行了初浅的探讨。提出了一种基于识别诱导信号激励与信号传感的化学测量一体化知识体系,并结合多元化创新思维教学案例对其教学意义进行了探讨。     

以实际问题解决吸引学生主动选修化学——校本课程“化学与考古”的案例分析

提升化学对学生的吸引力是促使学生选修化学、落实化学核心素养的前提。以校本选修课程“化学与考古”为例,从现代技术、物质性质、实验装备、反应原理、工艺、生物化学等多角度用化学知识解决考古与文保疑难,将抽象的化学知识落实到考古事例中探讨,主动创设情境帮助学生体验化学的魅力,为普高教学中化学知识的实用化提供新的视角。     

“实验化学”翻转课堂教学案例设计

针对实验化学课程的特点,探讨了实验化学“课前知识传递,课堂知识内化,课后反思提高”的翻转课堂教学设计。以“硫酸亚铁铵的制备”为实验案例,通过翻转课堂在学习目标、活动主体与教学流程上的教学设计,详细阐述了以学生为中心的教学实施,并全面评价了教学实践。     

吉林大学物理化学一流课程的建设历程*

依托吉林大学化学学科发展,建设吉林大学物理化学一流课程,培养一流化学学科创新人才。主要简介吉林大学物理化学一流课程的建设,包括课程的发展经历;教学团队建设;课程特色和创新性;物理化学课程的教学改革;教材的建设;教学研究项目及发表教学文章;教学与科研相结合等。     

“互联网+”背景下“无机及分析化学”课程教学策略与实践*

提出了“互联网+”背景下,“无机及分析化学”课程教学“一核心、二目标、三探索、四构建”的教学策略。实施结果表明,基于学生发展的课程核心知识,以“具有解决复杂制药工程、化工工程、材料工程的化学基础知识”“为学习后续课程打下坚实基础”2个具体教学目标为导向,通过开展综合实践活动、案例教学、课程思政等3种教学改革探索,构建线上线下有机衔接的立方书、立体化线上教学资源、线上线下混合型教学模式及过程和结果相融合的SPOC教学模式下的课程评价体系4种教学举措,能有效提高课程教学质量。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.     

A general and convenient synthesis of 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones and their use in amidoalkylation of hydrogen,heteroatom, and carbon nucleophiles

A general synthesis of previously unknown semicarbazone-based α-amidoalkylating reagents, 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones, has been developed. The synthesis involved three-component condensation of semicarbazones of aliphatic or aromatic aldehydes with the same or other aldehydes and p-toluenesulfinic acid. The scope and limitations of this reaction were investigated. The compounds obtained were demonstrated to be an efficient α-(4-semicarbazono)alkylating agents. They were reacted with H- (sodium borohydride), O- (sodium methylate), S- (sodium phenylthiolate), N- (pyrrolidine, sodium succinimide), P- (trialkyl phosphites), and C-nucleophiles (sodium diethyl malonate) to give the corresponding products of the tosyl group substitution, 4-substituted semicarbazones, including analogues of nitrofurazone. Among the prepared compounds tested in vitro for antibacterial and antifungal activity, three nitrofuryl-containing semicarbazones exhibited high biological activities with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 8–32 μg/mL.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

Synthesis of novel chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-N-heterocyclic carbene ligands and their application in palladium-catalyzed Mizoroki–Heck couplings and asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde

A small library of new chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-imidazolium salts 1 is conveniently synthesized on multi-gram scale from inexpensive and commercially available chiral pool amino acids. The corresponding carbenes, generated by deprotonation of imidazolium salts 1, in combination with palladium(II) chloride were tested in the Mizoroki–Heck coupling reaction. The most significant results in terms of yields and reactivities were achieved with low catalyst loading. The catalytic activities of these imidazolium salts were also investigated in the asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde. The use of MgO nanoparticles as an additive in conjunction with these ligands played a crucial role in increasing the efficiency of these reactions.     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Microwave-assisted copper-catalyzed stereoselective ring expansion of three-membered heterocycles with α-diazo-β-dicarbonyl compounds

Microwave-assisted copper-catalyzed ring expansions of three-membered heterocycles with α-diazo-β-dicarbonyl compounds were investigated. Thiiranes generated 3-acyl-5,6-dihydro-1,4-oxathiines in the presence of copper sulfate and trans-3-acyl-5,6-dihydro-1,4-oxathiines as stereospecific products for 1,2-disubstituted cis-thiiranes through an intramolecular S_N2 process. Oxiranes gave rise to 2-acyl-5,6-dihydro-1,4-dioxines under the catalysis of copper hexafluoroacetylacetonate and cis-3-acyl-5,6-dihydro-1,4-dioxines as stereospecific products for 1,2-disubstituted cis-oxiranes via an intimate ion-pair mechanism. The current method provides a direct and simple strategy in efficient preparation of 3-acyl-5,6-dihydro-1,4-oxathiines and 2-acyl-5,6-dihydro-1,4-dioxines, important agents in medicinal and agricultural chemistry, from readily available thiiranes and oxiranes, respectively.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.