溶胶-凝胶法制备铁酸盐超微粒子催化剂

采用溶胶－凝胶法制备了含Zn,Ni,Co的铁酸盐超微粒子催化剂，运用DTA－TG、IR、XRD以及BET比表面测试等手段对所制备的样品进行了表征。同时，考察了铁酸盐对二氧化碳选择性氧化乙苯制苯乙烯的催化性能。结果表明：制备的铁酸盐均为尖晶石型晶体，粒子的比表面积为31．9－36．3m^2/g，晶粒大小约为30－35nm，在由二氧化碳选择性氧化乙苯制苯乙烯的反应中表现出较好的催化活性。     

铁酸盐的制备、表征及其催化性能的研究

采用空气氧化湿法制备了含Zn、 Ni、 Co的尖晶石型铁酸盐。运用XRD、IR、UV-DRS和TPR等方法对所制备的样品进行了表征。研究了铁酸盐的化学组成、结构和氧化还原性质。考察了铁酸盐对二氧化碳选择性氧化乙苯制苯乙烯的催化性能,并讨论了催化剂的结构、组成对反应活性的影响以及二氧化碳的作用。     

铁酸镁系列超微粒子催化剂的氧化脱氢反应行为:乙苯和环己烷的氧化脱氢反应

采用四种不同的方法制备了系列铁酸镁超微粒子催化剂，考察了其对乙苯和环已烷的氧化脱氢反应性能，结果表明，（Ｄ）样品具有最佳的乙苯氧化脱氢反应活性：４００℃，Ｏ２／Ｃ６Ｈ５Ｃ２Ｈ５（ｍｏｌ）＝３．０时，乙苯转化率为５０％，苯乙烯选择性为８０％，苯乙烯单收达４０％，催化剂对乙苯氧化脱氢反应的活性随样品的粒径变小而提高；对环已烷氧化脱氢反应则恰好相反，即活性随粒径变小而降低，这种差别归因于反应物分子结构与     

铁酸镁系列超微粒子催化剂的氧化脱氢反应行为乙苯和环己烷的氧化脱氢反应

采用四种不同的方法制备了系列铁酸铁超微粒子催化剂，考察了其对乙苯和环己烷的氧化脱氢反应性能．结果表明，（Ｄ）样品具有最佳的乙苯氧化脱氢反应活性：４００℃，Ｏ２／Ｃ６Ｈ５Ｃ２Ｈ５（ｍｏｌ）＝３．０时，乙苯转化率为５０％，苯乙烯选择性为８０％，苯乙烯单收达４０％．催化剂对乙苯氧化脱氢反应的活性随样品的粒径变小而提高，对环己烷氧化脱氢反应则恰好相反，即活性随粒径变小而降低．这种差别归因于反应物分子结构与催化剂表面原子配位结构的匹配作用．ＥＳＲ结果对比表明，粒径小的粒子的原子配位结构对称性较低．     

乙苯氧化脱氢反应Fex/TiO2的催化性能研究

新型氧化钛负载铁催化剂Fex/TiO2在低温乙苯空气氧化脱氢制苯乙烯反应中具有良好的催化活性。350 ℃,使用Fe7/TiO2催化剂,当Fe的质量分数为7%时,可获得14.6%乙苯单程转化率和99.0%的苯乙烯选择性。通过X衍射、表面吸附、热分析及扫描电镜仪器分析表征,考察氧化钛负载铁催化剂在乙苯低温氧化脱氢反应中的催化作用。350 ℃乙苯可被活化,催化剂活性的高低取决于活性物种Fe(III)的分布状态和质量分数。     

FeZSM－5中不同化学环境的铁上乙苯氧化脱氢制苯乙烯的催化活性

ＦｅＺＳＭ－５中不同化学环境的铁上乙苯氧化脱氢制苯乙烯的催化活性张春雷，吴志芸，阚秋斌（吉林大学化学系，长春１３００２３）关键词ＦｅＺＳＭ－５沸石，铁，化学环境，乙苯，氧化脱氢，苯乙烯，多功能催化剂杂原子引入分子筛，除能调变分子筛的酸性和微孔孔径外，...     

低含量高活性负载镍催化剂的制备及其加氢反应研究

以羰基镍为源, 制备了一系列高活性低含量负载镍催化剂. 采用BET、 XRD、 AAS和SEM等对催化剂进行表征. 以苯乙烯选择性加氢为探针反应, 考察了催化剂制备方法、镍含量、溶剂和反应温度、压力、时间对反应结果的影响. 结果表明, 用羰基镍制备的含镍为1%～5%的催化剂对苯乙烯的选择性加氢生成乙苯有很高的反应活性, 苯乙烯转化率和乙苯选择性分别达到了98%和99%以上.     

负载型VOx／SBA-15催化剂催化CO2气氛下乙苯脱氢反应的研究

利用浸渍法制备了系列不同钒含量的VOx/SBA-15乙苯脱氢催化剂.并采用BET、UV-vis、XRD、TPO和O2脉冲等物理化学表征手段对催化剂进行了表征.二氧化碳气氛下的乙苯氧化脱氢反应结果表明,在550℃,当V2O5的含量为20%时,催化剂表现出最好的脱氢性能.乙苯的转化率达到74.1%,同时也获得95.7%的苯乙烯选择性.20VOx/SBA-15具有较高的比表面积、较多的酸性、较少的积碳,这可能是该催化剂表现出较好的催化性能的原因.     

含钴介孔分子筛Co-MCM-41耦合溴化四丁基铵协同催化苯乙烯直接氧化碳酰化制备苯乙烯环状碳酸酯

以苯乙烯为起始物,经催化环氧化然后环氧化物与二氧化碳环加成反应"串联一锅"制备苯乙烯环状碳酸酯,反应工艺简单(避免了中间体环氧化物的事先合成与分离)且绿色经济(原料苯乙烯比苯乙烯环氧化物价格低廉且毒性小),工艺具有潜在的工业应用前景。探讨了掺杂不同金属(Co,Fe,Ni,Mn,Cu,Ti)的MCM-41介孔分子筛催化剂对苯乙烯环氧化的转化率和选择性,研究表明以含钴介孔分子筛Co-MCM-41为最佳,并以Co-MCM-41耦合溴化四丁基铵(TBAB)为催化剂,考察了苯乙烯直接氧化碳酰化制苯乙烯环状碳酸酯反应。从影响反应活性和产物选择性的因素来优化反应,在80℃、4 MPa、CO2压力下,反应7 h,碳酸酯的收率达到46.1%。Co-MCM-41催化第一步苯乙烯环氧化反应,溴化四丁基铵催化第二步环加成反应。     

溶胶-凝胶法制备用于CO2气氛下乙苯胶氢反应的高活性Cr2O3-SiO2催化剂

苯乙烯是石化工业中十分重要的化学品,全世界每年生产大约 1300 万吨苯乙烯,其中有90%的苯乙烯是在大量过热水蒸气存在下,于550～650 ℃由乙苯在铁-钾基催化剂上脱氢制得的. 该工艺受热力学平衡限制,并且由于采用大量过热的水蒸气和较高的反应温度而能耗很高,因此人们一直试图寻找新的替代工艺. 最近,利用CO2作为温和氧化剂进行乙苯脱氢制苯乙烯引起人们浓厚的兴趣[1～3]. 利用CO2进行乙苯脱氢能够大幅度降低能耗,并且提高苯乙烯的平衡收率[4]. 但是,现行乙苯脱氢传统工艺中使用的铁-钾基催化剂在CO2气氛下不能有效地催化乙苯脱氢,因此有必要寻找适合这一新工艺的高性能催化剂. 人们已经研究了CO2气氛下各种氧化物催化剂上的乙苯脱氢反应,在这些催化剂中,氧化铬和氧化钒表现出较好的催化性能.     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.