镝钴铁氧磁流体的制备与性质研究(英文)

为了提高磁流体的抗氧化能力,制备了镝钴铁氧磁流体.利用古埃磁天平研究了温度对磁性和稳定性的影响;研究了稀土镝磁性能的改性、表面活性剂的表面改性,并从理论上进行了分析.利用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、透射电镜(TEM)对制得的磁粒子的组成、结构及粒径进行了分析.     

二甲胺乙基膦酸钡新型固体碱催化剂的研究

首次用二甲胺乙基膦酸与氯化钡在碱性溶液中制得二甲脘乙基膦酸钡载体,用５％ＮａＯＨ溶液处理该载体,制得相应的固体碱,并用元素分析,ＩＲ、ＴＧ、ＤＴＡ、ＤＴＧ对其进行了表征,用指示剂法,测得固体碱碱强度（Ｈ－）为９．３～１５．０;采用苯甲酸滴定法,测定了载体２和固体碱３在水中的游离碱量;讨论了载体制备中,驾流时间对载体２和固体碱３在水中游离碱量的影响。将固体碱用于催化Ｋｏｎｅｖｅｎａｇｅｌ缩合反应,产     

深冷状态下纳米镝铁氧体磁粒子磁性能的研究

采用湿化学法制备出稀土Dy3+掺杂的纳米Fe3O4磁粒子,用月桂酸进行了表面修饰,研究了磁粒子在室温和深冷(200.2～56.5 K)状态下的磁性能.经X射线衍射分析发现,适量的Dy3+掺杂不会改变纳米Fe3O4磁粒子的晶型结构.透射电镜(TEM)照片表明,制备出的纳米磁粒子成球性好,且大部分磁粒子的粒径在14 nm左右.通过磁性测量仪、振动样品磁强计(VSM)对磁性能进行了表征.磁化曲线表明掺杂引起磁性能发生变化,磁粒子室温下无剩磁和矫顽力,具有超顺磁性;深冷状态下出现剩磁和矫顽力,且随温度的降低,剩磁和矫顽力增大,不具有超顺磁性,饱和磁化强度略高于室温值.     

无皂乳液聚合法制备Fe3O4@P(St-GMA)复合微球

用化学共沉淀法制备了磁性四氧化三铁纳米粒子. 在油酸和氨水的作用下, 使之分散在水中, 得到了水分散的磁流体. 在水基磁流体的存在下, 进行苯乙烯和甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯(GMA)的无皂乳液共聚合, 得到了Fe₃O₄@P(St-GMA)复合微球. 综合考察了反应温度、磁流体和单体的用量、引发剂的用量对聚合转化率的影响, 并用TEM, TGA和VSM对磁性复合微球进行了表征.     

稀土硫代磷酸盐REPS4的磁性

在２－３００Ｋ温度范围内测定了ＲＥＰＳ４系列化合物的磁化率,进而研究了各个化合物的磁化率和倒易磁化率随温度的变化,最后用５０－３００Ｋ温度范围的磁化率数据拟合得到各个顺磁稀土离子ＲＥ＾３＋的居里－外斯常数和有效顺磁磁矩μｅｆｆ。     

Fe3O4-PMMA复合纳米微球的制备与表征

采用化学共沉淀法合成了超顺磁Fe3O4纳米粒子,并采用油酸和油酸钠对其表面进行修饰,制备了可稳定分散于水中的磁流体。以该磁流体为种子,通过一步乳液聚合制备了表面带有功能化羧基的Fe3O4-聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯复合纳米微球（Fe3O4-PMMA）。利用动态光散射、透射电镜观察、傅里叶红外光谱、热失重分析、振动样品磁强计测试等手段表征了复合微球的尺寸、形态、结构、组成和磁性能。结果表明,复合微球的平均直径约120nm,表面带有羧基功能基团,在室温下具有超顺磁性和较高的饱和磁化强度。     

磁性壳聚糖微球用于脲激酶的固定化研究I. 磁性壳聚糖微球的制备和表征

为制备用于固定化酶的磁性壳聚糖微球,本文首先用化学共沉淀法制备了磁流体,随后在磁流体存在下进行壳聚糖和戊二醛的共聚反应。结果表明,磁流体中的Ｆｅ３Ｏ４以水化物的状态存在,其含量为２．０４％,平均粒径为０．２～０．５ｕｍ左右;磁性壳聚糖微球的弱碱交换量随交联度的增加而减小,质量磁化率与微球粒径成反比。该微球具有良好的磁响应性,在外加磁场下可被快速的从溶液中分离出来。     

甲苯气相选择性氧化制苯甲醛：Ⅰ.V2O5／TiO2—Al2O3催化剂研究

制备了一系列负载型Ｖ－Ｔｉ－Ａｌ－Ｏ催化剂并用于甲苯的气相选择性氧化制苯甲醛，考察了接触时间、氧浓度、Ｖ２Ｏ５负载量以及催化剂焙烧温度对反应性能的影响。用ＴＲＰ、ＤＲＤ和ＢＥＴ等手段，对催化剂进行了表征。研究发现，催化剂在７７３Ｋ时活化，接触时间１．５秒，氧浓度２１％时，可获得较好的反应结果。     

负载型纳米非贵金属催化剂上CO的氧化行为Ⅱ.纳米铜的制备、结构及催化性能

用惰性气体蒸发法和电弧等离子体法制备了纳米铜粒子，用物理干法将其担载到载体上，并用于催化ＣＯ氧化反应．用ＴＥＭ，ＸＲＤ，ＳＥＭ对纳米粒子和催化剂进行了表征．结果表明，载体、氧化气氛及制备工艺均影响催化剂的活性，稀土元素铈的存在能提高铜的催化活性，纳米铜在催化过程中将转变为氧化物．     

纳米尖晶石型Co2MnO4的形成过程及其F-T反应性能

用溶胶凝胶法制备了尖晶石型Ｃｏ２ＭｎＯ４超细粒子，用ＤＴＡＴＧ，ＸＲＤ，ＴＥＭ，ＦＴＩＲ等手段研究了Ｃｏ２ＭｎＯ４超细粒子的形成过程，进而用反应评价结合ＸＲＤ，ＸＰＳ，ＢＥＴ比表面积测试研究了Ｃｏ２ＭｎＯ４催化剂的比表面积和表面结构与其ＦＴ反应性能间的关系．结果表明，Ｃｏ２ＭｎＯ４超细粒子可以在较低温度（２５０～３５０℃）下形成，并具有粒度小，分布均匀等特点．用该法制备的超细粒子Ｃｏ２ＭｎＯ４，其催化活性明显优于相同组成的大颗粒催化剂．     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.     

A general and convenient synthesis of 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones and their use in amidoalkylation of hydrogen,heteroatom, and carbon nucleophiles

A general synthesis of previously unknown semicarbazone-based α-amidoalkylating reagents, 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones, has been developed. The synthesis involved three-component condensation of semicarbazones of aliphatic or aromatic aldehydes with the same or other aldehydes and p-toluenesulfinic acid. The scope and limitations of this reaction were investigated. The compounds obtained were demonstrated to be an efficient α-(4-semicarbazono)alkylating agents. They were reacted with H- (sodium borohydride), O- (sodium methylate), S- (sodium phenylthiolate), N- (pyrrolidine, sodium succinimide), P- (trialkyl phosphites), and C-nucleophiles (sodium diethyl malonate) to give the corresponding products of the tosyl group substitution, 4-substituted semicarbazones, including analogues of nitrofurazone. Among the prepared compounds tested in vitro for antibacterial and antifungal activity, three nitrofuryl-containing semicarbazones exhibited high biological activities with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 8–32 μg/mL.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

Synthesis of novel chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-N-heterocyclic carbene ligands and their application in palladium-catalyzed Mizoroki–Heck couplings and asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde

A small library of new chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-imidazolium salts 1 is conveniently synthesized on multi-gram scale from inexpensive and commercially available chiral pool amino acids. The corresponding carbenes, generated by deprotonation of imidazolium salts 1, in combination with palladium(II) chloride were tested in the Mizoroki–Heck coupling reaction. The most significant results in terms of yields and reactivities were achieved with low catalyst loading. The catalytic activities of these imidazolium salts were also investigated in the asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde. The use of MgO nanoparticles as an additive in conjunction with these ligands played a crucial role in increasing the efficiency of these reactions.     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Microwave-assisted copper-catalyzed stereoselective ring expansion of three-membered heterocycles with α-diazo-β-dicarbonyl compounds

Microwave-assisted copper-catalyzed ring expansions of three-membered heterocycles with α-diazo-β-dicarbonyl compounds were investigated. Thiiranes generated 3-acyl-5,6-dihydro-1,4-oxathiines in the presence of copper sulfate and trans-3-acyl-5,6-dihydro-1,4-oxathiines as stereospecific products for 1,2-disubstituted cis-thiiranes through an intramolecular S_N2 process. Oxiranes gave rise to 2-acyl-5,6-dihydro-1,4-dioxines under the catalysis of copper hexafluoroacetylacetonate and cis-3-acyl-5,6-dihydro-1,4-dioxines as stereospecific products for 1,2-disubstituted cis-oxiranes via an intimate ion-pair mechanism. The current method provides a direct and simple strategy in efficient preparation of 3-acyl-5,6-dihydro-1,4-oxathiines and 2-acyl-5,6-dihydro-1,4-dioxines, important agents in medicinal and agricultural chemistry, from readily available thiiranes and oxiranes, respectively.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.