气相色谱法快速测定家用气雾杀虫剂中丙烯菊酯、氯菊酯、增效醚含量

用气相色谱法定量测定了家用气雾杀虫剂中的丙烯菊酯、氯菊酯和增效醚。色谱柱为５％ＱＦ－１／Ｃｈｒｏ－ｍｏｓｏｒｂＷＨＰ,以邻苯二甲酸二苯酯为内标物,测得的回收率分别为１００％,１０２％,９９．９％;变异系数为０．１３,０．５６,０．４８,方法简便、快速、准确。     

气相色谱法测定喷雾杀虫剂中的胺菊酯和氯菊酯

用SE-30毛细管柱、160~300℃程序升温、以邻苯二甲酸二环己酯为内标物,气相色谱法同时测定家用气雾杀虫剂中有效成分胺菊酯、氯菊酯的含量。胺菊酯、氯菊酯的平均回收率分别为94.0%、95.4%,相对标准偏差分别为2.23%、6.73%。     

二阶导数极谱法同时测定氯菊酯和生物丙烯菊酯及其电极过程研究

本文对氯菊酯的极谱行为进行了研究,发现在pH1.1乙醇-B.R缓冲溶液中-1.25V处氯菊酯有一还原峰,在-1.04V处生物丙烯菊酯有一还原峰。其线性范围分别为8×10~(-6)～6×10~(-5)g/ml和4×10~(-7)～6×10~(-5)g/ml。氯菊酯的极谱波系吸附控制的还原波,电子转移数为2。应用本法对氯菊酯,生物丙烯菊酯进行同时测定,结果令人满意。回收率为97.2％～105.5％。     

毛细管气相色谱法测定水体及土壤中溴氟菊酯农药的残留量

建立了新品农药溴氟菊酯在水体及土壤中残留量的测定方法，采用石油醚＋丙酮（３＋１）混合溶剂提取，经浓硫酸＋无水乙醇（１＋１）纯化，用毛细管气相色谱电子捕获检测器测定。该法检出限为０．１×１０－９～２×１０－９，回收率７２．６％～１００．５％，变异系数１．６％～８．５％。     

0.3%胺菊酯·右旋苯醚菊酯气雾剂的高效液相色谱分析

提出了采用高效液相色谱法,使用Hypersil C18不锈钢色谱柱和乙腈-水(85+15)混合溶液为流动相进行分离,并用紫外检测器在220 nm波长处同时测定胺菊酯和右旋苯醚菊酯,此方法用作上述两杀虫剂的复合制剂0.3%胺菊酯.右旋苯醚菊酯气雾剂的质量监控分析方法。测得两化合物的相对标准偏差(n=5)依次为0.86%和2.6%,回收率依次在94.7%~105.5%和92.8%~102.9%之间。     

反相液相色谱法测定农药中氯菊酯

建立反相液相色谱法测定农药中氯菊酯含量的方法.采用C18反相色谱柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm),以甲醇–水溶液(体积比为9:1)为流动相,流量为0.8 mL/min,检测波长为230 nm,柱温为35℃,进样体积为10μL,以外标法测定农药中氯菊酯的含量.氯菊酯的质量浓度在1～200μg/mL范围内与色谱峰面...     

氟胺氰菊酯的定性定量分析

氟胺氰菊酯是一种用于蜜峰的高效杀螨剂。从20%商品氟胺氰菊酯粉剂中通过硅胶柱层板分离得到了96.6%的纯品并用FTIR和GC/MC进行定性量测定。采用GC/MS定量分析的方法，氟胺氰菊酯的浓度在0.05-10mg/L范围为线性响应，最低检测极限为 0.01mg/L。采用R（-）N-3，5-二硝基苯甲酰-苯基甘氨酸和长链烃的硅胶微粒手性柱，可成功地分离氟胺氰菊酯的二种旋光异构体，它们在商品氟胺氰菊酯中的比例近似为1：1。     

凝胶渗透色谱-固相萃取净化测定茶叶中16种菊酯残留量

建立了以凝胶渗透色谱(GPC)和固相萃取(SPE)净化,气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS)负化学源(NCI)技术测定茶叶中七氟菊酯、 四氟菊酯、丙烯菊酯、联苯菊酯、胺菊酯、甲氰菊酯、氯氟氰菊酯、氟丙菊酯、苯醚氰菊酯、氟氯氰菊酯、氯氰菊酯、氟氰戊菊酯、氰戊菊酯、 氟胺氰菊酯、溴氰菊酯、氯菊酯等16种菊酯残留量的方法.样品经V(丙酮)∶V(乙酸乙酯)∶V(正己烷)＝1∶2∶1提取,经GPC去除大分子的色素和类脂杂质,弗罗里硅土 SPE柱进一步净化,以毒死蜱同位素D-10作内标,内标法定量.方法的回收率67.2%～108%之间.变异系数小于18%.16种菊酯方法定量限在0.0125～0.025 mg/kg之间.     

采用β-环糊精增敏荧光测定杀虫剂胺菊酯

利用荧光光谱探讨了β-环糊精(β-CD)与农药胺菊酯间的超分子相互作用,结果表明β-环糊精与胺菊酯可形成1：1的超分子包合物,包合常数为40．3L/mol,在λes/em=295／356nm处发射强荧光。据此,建立了水溶液中测定胺菊酯的荧光光度法。线性范围11～1500ng／mL,检出限3．4ng／mL。方法已用于河水中胺菊酯的测定。     

毛细管气相色谱法测定丙烯菊酯与丙炔菊酯

毛细管气相色谱法测定丙烯菊酯与丙炔菊酯杜宗英祝晓红向瑞礼（四川联大分析测试中心成都６１００６４）关键词丙烯菊酯丙炔菊酯气相色谱中图分类号Ｏ６５７．７１丙烯菊酯与丙炔菊酯是目前最广范使用的电热灭蚊药剂。丙炔菊酯由于是较新的灭蚊药，它比丙烯菊酯的药效高但...     

Identification and quantitation of pyrethroid pesticide residues in vegetables by solid-phase extraction and liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization ion trap mass spectrometry

A quantitative method consisting of solid-phase extraction (SPE) followed by liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization ion trap mass spectrometry (LC/ESI-ITMS) analysis was developed for the identification and quantitation of ten pyrethroid pesticides commonly used in vegetables. The best HPLC separation was achieved using a gradient program of methanol/water mixture. For the vegetable samples, an SPE procedure to clean up the matrices was carried out prior to LC/MS analysis. Under the optimum conditions, the limits of quantification of the pyrethroid pesticides (tetramethrin, allethrin, fenpropathrin, lambda-cyhalothrin, cypermethrin, deltamethrin, fenvalerate, bioresmethrin, permethrin and bifenthrin) ranged from 0.03 to 0.1 mg kg-1 with relative standard deviations<20%, and the mean recoveries ranged from 69.5 to 102.5%. The proposed method has been successfully applied to the determination of pyrethroids in six vegetables with satisfactory results.     

SPE-RP-HPLC法测定羊肉组织中胺菊酯和三氟氯氰菊酯残留量

建立了羊肉组织中胺菊酯和三氟氯氰菊酯的固相萃取-反相高效液相色谱测定法。采用氟罗里硅土固相萃取柱(1000 mg/6 mL)进行固相萃取。以Shim-pack VP-ODS(200 mm×4.6 mm)柱为分析柱,流动相为甲醇:水=95:5(V/V),流速为0.7 mL/min。胺菊酯和三氟氯氰菊酯分别在0.01～6.40μg/mL(r=0.9999)和0.068～7.20ug/mL(r=0.9998)范围内与峰面积呈良好线性关系,检出限分别为0.001μg/mL和0.002μg/mL,胺菊酯和三氟氯氰菊酯的回收率为90.2%～101.4%,相对标准偏差为2.3%～4.0%。该方法可作为羊肉组织中胺菊酯和三氟氯氰菊酯含量监测的控制方法。     

Comparison of different mass spectrometric detection techniques in the gas chromatographic analysis of pyrethroid insecticide residues in soil after microwave-assisted extraction

A comparative study was carried out for the simultaneous determination of 11 pyrethroid insecticides in soil by gas chromatography (GC) - ion trap (IT)- mass spectrometry (MS), by means of two different ionization modes; electron impact and negative chemical ionization and three data acquisition procedures; full scan, selected ion monitoring and MS/MS. Pyrethroids investigated were tetramethrin, bifenthrin, phenothrin, λ-cyhalothrin, permethrin, cyfluthrin, cypermethrin, flucythrinate, esfenvalerate, fluvalinate and deltamethrin. Soil samples were treated with toluene/water by microwave-assisted extraction for 9 min at 700 W and a cleaning up with florisil was performed. Clean soil samples were spiked with pyrethroids at a spiking level of 10, 25 and 50 ng/g. The method employed provides a concentration factor of 10. The ionization gas employed in the negative chemical ionization mode was methane. The use of MS/MS acquisition, in electron impact ionization, provided the best results, due to its high selectivity and sensitivity, giving very low limits of detection from 0.08 to 0.54 ng/g. In negative chemical ionization full scan and selected ion monitoring methods detection limits from 0.12 to 1.40 ng/g were found. The proposed methods were applied to several levels from 10 to 50 ng/g of spiked soils, being electron impact MS/MS method which minimizes matrix spectrum interferences and provided recovery average values from 84% to 120% with relative standard deviations which varied from 3.2 to 7.2%.     

Orthogonal signal correction-partial least squares method for simultaneous spectrophotometric determination of cypermethrin and tetramethrin

The simultaneous determination of cypermethrin and tetramethrin mixtures by using spectrophotometric method is a difficult problem in analytical chemistry, due to spectral interferences. By multivariate calibration methods, such as partial least squares (PLS) regression, it is possible to obtain a model adjusted to the concentration values of the mixtures used in the calibration range. Orthogonal signal correction (OSC) is a preprocessing technique used for removing the information unrelated to the target variables based on constrained principal component analysis. OSC is a suitable preprocessing method for partial least squares calibration of mixtures without loss of prediction capacity using spectrophotometric method. In this study, the calibration model is based on absorption spectra in the 200-350 nm range for 25 different mixtures of cypermethrin and tetramethrin. Calibration matrices were containing 0.1-12.9 and 0.1-13.8 microg mL(-1) for cypermethrin and tetramethrin, respectively. The RMSEP for cypermethrin and tetramethrin with OSC and without OSC were 0.0884, 0.0614 and 0.2915, 0.2309, respectively. This procedure allows the simultaneous determination of cypermethrin and tetramethrin in synthetic and real samples good reliability of the determination was proved.     

Simultaneous determination of 18 pyrethroids in indoor air by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry

An analytical method was developed for the simultaneous measurement of 18 pyrethroids (allethrin, bifenthrin, cyfluthrin, cypermethrin, cyphenothrin, deltamethrin, empenthrin, fenpropathrin, furamethrin, imiprothrin, metofluthrin, permethrin, phenothrin, prallethrin, profluthrin, resmethrin, tetramethrin and transfluthrin) in indoor air. The pyrethroids were collected for 24 h using a combination of adsorbents (quartz fiber filter disk and Empore C18 disk), with protection from light, and then extracted with acetone, concentrated, and analyzed by GC/MS. They could be determined accurately and precisely (detection limits: ca. 1 ng/m³). The collected pyrethroid samples could be stored for up to one month at 4 °C in a refrigerator.     

Synthesis and biological activity of permethrin analogs containing various substituents in position <Emphasis Type="Italic">2</Emphasis> of the cyclopropane ring

A number of permethrin derivatives having various substituents (Me, Et, Pr, Ph, PhCH₂, PhCH₂CH₂) in position 2 of the cyclopropane ring were synthesized and assayed for insecticidal activity against typhoid flies, rice weevils, and black bean aphid and juvenile hormone activity against flour beetle chrysalises. The examined compounds showed a weak insecticidal activity. Some derivatives were found to exert knockdown effect analogous to that of commercial pyrethroid tetramethrin; however, unlike permethrin, they exhibited pronounced juvenile hormone activity.     

Chromatographic determination of tetramethrin on woolen cloth and in aqueous treatment formulations

Summary A method is described for the analysis of tetramethrin aqueous formulation and residues of tetramethrin on woolen cloth. The samples were extracted with acetonitrile and partitioned with benzene. Interferences were removed by liquid column chromatography with acid alumina and eluted with 10% ethyl acetate-hexane. Analysis was by gas chromatography with a 10% UCW98 (methylsilicone) column. Detection was made with the flame ionization detector to avoid the repeated dilutions necessary with use of the electron capture detector.This paper reflects the results of research only. Mention of a pesticide in this paper does not constitute a recommendation for use by the USDA nor does it imply registration under FIFRA as amended. Mention of a proprietary product does not constitute an endorsement by the USDA.     

Comparison of the performance of conventional, temperature-controlled, and ultrasound-assisted ionic liquid dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction combined with high-performance liquid chromatography in analyzing pyrethroid pesticides in honey samples

This research paper presents a comparative study of the performance of conventional, ultrasound-assisted (UA), and temperature-controlled (TC) ionic liquid (IL) dispersive liquid-phase microextraction (IL-DLLME). Various parameters that affect extraction efficiency, such as type and volume of extraction and disperser solvent, centrifugation time, salt addition, effect of temperature on TC-IL-DLLME, and effect of sonication time on UA-IL-DLLME, were evaluated. UA-IL-DLLME was found to provide the best extraction efficiency. Under optimized conditions, great enrichment factors (506-515) and good recoveries (101.2-103.0%) were obtained by analyte extraction in real samples. The limit of detections (LODs) ranged from 0.21 to 0.38 μg L(-1). Good linearity was obtained in the range of 0.5-200 μg L(-1) for ethofenprox and tetramethrin, and 1-200 μg L(-1) for meperfluthrin and alpha-cypermethrin. Based on optimized conditions, the UA-IL-DLLME method was applied and combined with high-performance liquid chromatography with diode array detection (HPLC-DAD) to determine the presence of ethofenprox, tetramethrin, meperfluthrin, and alpha-cypermethrin in honey samples.     

Pyrethroids as household insecticides: analysis, indoor exposure and persistence

Summary Natural pyrethrins from insecticidal pyrethrum extract and pyrethroids (e.g. allethrin, tetramethrin, permethrin, cyphenothrin, cypermethrin, cyfluthrin) are active ingredients in insecticidal formulations such as powder, sprays, impregnated paper for electro-evaporators, mosquito coils, and solutions for wood treatment, all mainly intended for indoor use. Some commercial preparations contain also non-pyrethroid insecticides, such as dichlorovos, propoxur, or phoxim, and piperonyl butoxid as synergist. High-resolution gas-chromatography with oncolumn injection and FID and ECD detection is employed for the analysis of these insecticides in commercial formulations, in air during and after indoor application, and as residues on surfaces. The total input of pyrethroids into a large room amounts to 1 to 30 mg. The concentrations of the pyrethrins and pyrethroids in air (2 to 300 g/m³) and their deposition on surfaces (up to 1000 g/m²) reveal possible exposure of humans by inhalation (e.g. 30 g allethrin or 60 g tetramethrin) or by skin resorption (e.g. 200 g allethrin and up to 1000 g tetramethrin). The insecticides deposited on surfaces and some readily formed transformation products persist for 60 h or longer.Partly presented at the 7th International Congress of Pesticide Chemistry in Hamburg, August 5–10, 1990     

Determination of pyrethroid metabolites in human urine using liquid phase microextraction coupled in-syringe derivatization followed by gas chromatography/electron capture detection

Metabolites of synthetic pyrethroids such as cis-3-(2,2-dibromovinyl)-2,2-di-methylcyclo-propane-1-carboxylic acid, cis- and trans-3-(2,2-dichlorovinyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid), 3-phenoxybenzoic acid (3-PBA), and 4-fluoro-3-PBA are biomarkers for exposure to phenothrin, tetramethrin, cyfluthrin, cypermethrin, deltamethrin, and permethrin. In this study, the pyrethroid metabolites in workers’ urine samples were monitored for the first time with a novel sample pretreatment process combining hollow fiber liquid phase microextraction (HF-LPME) and in-syringe derivatization (ISD) followed by gas chromatography–electron capture detector (GC-ECD) analysis. A micro-syringe pre-filled with derivatizing agents and syringe needle connected to an extracting solvent impregnated hollow fiber segment was used as the LPME probe. Pyrethroid metabolites were extracted and enriched simultaneously from urine samples by HF-LPME sampling and acid hydrolysis at 70 °C for 10 min. After sampling, the ISD was performed by mixing the extracting solution and derivatizing agents through plunger movements, followed by GC-ECD analysis. Parameters influencing the HF-LPME efficiency and ISD were investigated and optimized. Under optimum conditions, the method provided enrichment factors of 69.8–154.6, repeatability from 5.0 to 12% (n = 5), and good linearity (R ² = 0.9980–0.9998) for interested analytes spiked in urine samples. The method detection limits ranged from 1.6 to 17 ng/mL. A comparison was performed between the proposed method and conventional methods. The proposed method was applied to analyze pyrethroid metabolites in the urine samples collected from workers of pesticide formulation plants. The results suggested that the proposed HF-LPME coupled ISD method was a rapid, simple, efficient, and eco-friendly technique in the biomonitoring of metabolites of pyrethroids in workers’ urine.