血清铜自动分析法试剂盒的研制与分析: 5-Br-PADAP直接光度法

为研制、评价血清铜 5 -Br -PADAP自动分析法试剂盒 ,在表面活性剂存在下 ,用2 -(5 -溴 -2 -吡啶偶氮 ) -5 -二乙氨基酚 (5 -Br -PADAP)作显色剂 ,双试剂两点终点法测定血清铜。结果表明 ,该法线性范围 0～ 80 μmol L ,平均回收率为 1 0 0 7% ,批内变异系数 (CV)和批间变异系数分别为 0 0 1 5～ 0 0 2 0和 0 0 2 3～ 0 0 3 0 ,与原子吸收分光光度法比较具有良好的相关性 ,y =1 0 0 1x -0 0 93 ,r=0 9948,P >0 0 5。 1 0 7例健康人血清铜含量为 1 6 68± 2 62 μmol·L-1(x± 2S)。可见用本试剂盒双试剂自动化分析法测定血清铜方法简便、灵敏可靠 ,适合临床应用     

PAN-S光度法高选择性测定儿童指血铁

建立了一种快速、准确、高选择性测定指血铁的新方法。铁在pH 4 5HAc -NaAc介质中 ,与PAN -S作用生成红色配合物 ,吸光度与铁离子浓度成正比。该法线性范围 0～ 1 5× 1 0 4μmol·L-1,平均回收率为 99 5 % ,批内变异系数 (CV)和批间变异系数分别为 0 0 2 7与 0 0 39,与原子吸收法具有良好的相关性 ,y (本法 ) =1 0 1x (原子吸收法 ) -2 3,r =0 992 7,P >0 0 5。 6 2例健康儿童指血铁含量为 5 5 0 3～ 974 3μmol·L-1(x± 2S)。     

2-(5-溴-2-吡啶偶氮)-5-[N,N-二羧基甲基]苯酚光度法测定血清铁

为建立方便、灵敏的血清铁测定法 ,以 2 -(5 -溴 -2 -吡啶偶氮 ) -5 -[N ,N -二羧基甲基 ]苯酚 (5 -Br-PADCAP)作显色剂 ,在pH 6 5HAc-NaAc缓冲液中测定血清铁。结果表明 ,该法线性范围 0～ 5 0 μmol/L ,平均回收率为 99 8% ,批内CV和批间CV分别为 0 0 2 2与0 0 3 2 ,与原子吸收分光光度法比较具有良好的相关性 ,y =0 9942x -0 0 5 7,r =0 990 8,P >0 0 5。 96例健康人血清铁含量为 9 42～ 2 9 86μmol·L- 1(x± 2S)。 5 -Br-PADCAP分光光度法测定血清铁方法简便、灵敏可靠 ,适合临床应用     

微分电位溶出法连续测定饮料中的铜铅镉锌

建立了微分电位溶出法连续测定饮料中痕量铜、铅、镉、锌的新方法。在HAc- Na Ac( p H4 .5)～ 3.5× 1 0 -2 mol·L-1KCl～ 2 .6× 1 0 -5 mol· L-1Hg2 +介质中测定锌 ,然后调节底液为 0 .0 1 mol·L-1HCl,连续测定铜、铅、镉。铜、铅、镉、锌 ,检出限分别为 4 ,0 .1 ,2 ,4 μg· L-1,线性测定范围 Zn2 +:0～ 30 0 μg·L-1,Cu2 +、Pb2 +、Cd2 +:0～ 2 2 0μg· L-1,回收率为 83.4 %～ 1 0 3.3% ,RSD<3.4 % ( n=7)。该法较好解决了金属互化物的影响 ,样品不需消化便可直接测定。     

分光光度法测定精液锌的含量

建立了一种表面活性剂TritonX -1 0 0存在下 ,用 2 -(5 -溴 -2 -吡啶偶氮 ) -5 -二甲氨基酚 (简称 5 -Br-DMPAP)作显色剂直接光度法测定精液锌含量的新方法。该法显色络合物最大吸收波长为 5 5 6nm ,线性范围达 4 5 9mmol·L- 1,表观摩尔吸光系数为 1 1 2× 1 0 5L·mol- 1·cm- 1,回收率为 97 3 %～ 1 0 4 2 % ,批内和批间变异系数 (CV)分别为 3 1 %与 4 2 % ,与原子吸收分光光度法比较相关良好 ,y =0 984x +0 0 1 ,x =0 9869,P >0 0 5 (n =3 2 )。该法具有操作快速、简便、结果灵敏可靠等优点 ,适合在临床上推广应用     

催化动力学光度法测定食品中微量铜的研究

提出了催化动力学吸光光度测定铜的新方法 ,基于在 0 .0 5～ 0 .0 9mol· L-1硫酸介质中和 2 .0× 1 0 -3 mol·L-1氯化十六烷基吡啶存在下 ,Cu( )催化抗坏血酸还原邻甲氧基苯基重氮氨基偶氮苯。用固定时间法在 50 2 nm处监测催化反应。方法的线性范围为 0～ 2 8ng·ml-1,检出限( 3σ)为 0 .66ng· ml-1,摩尔吸光系数为 9.65× 1 0 5L· mol-1· cm-1。除 Fe( )外常见离子都不干扰测定。用 NH4 F掩蔽 Fe( ) ,方法直接应用于多种食品分析 ,结果与二乙基二硫代氨基甲酸钠萃取光度法相同 ,相对标准偏差为 2 .0 %～ 4.4% ( n=6)。非催化反应和催化反应在 3.0～ 8.0 min内为假零级反应 ,活化能分别为 1 56.1和 1 0 3.8k J· mol     

5-Br-PADCAP分光光度法测定血清锌

为建立快速、简便、灵敏的分光光度法测定血清锌 ,在表面活性剂TritonX -1 0 0存在下 ,用 2 -(5 -溴 -2 -吡啶偶氮 ) -5 -[N ,N -二羧基甲基 ]苯酚 (5 -Br-PADCAP)作显色剂 ,不去蛋白分光光度法测定血清锌。结果表明 ,锌络合物最大吸收波长为 5 5 7nm ,线性范围 0～ 5 0 0μmol L ,摩尔吸光系数为 1 1 2× 1 0 5L·mol-1·cm-1。回收率为 99 9% ,批内变异系数 (CV)为2 1 % ,批间变异系数为 2 9% ,与原子吸收分光光度法 (x)比较具有良好的相关性 ,y =1 0 1 0x-0 1 5 4,r=0 991 8,P >0 0 5。可见本法测定血清锌不必去蛋白、用血量少、方法简便、灵敏可靠 ,适合临床应用     

二安替比林苯基甲烷试剂与铬(Ⅵ)的显色反应研究

以正交试验设计法研究了二安替比林苯基甲烷试剂吸光光度法测定微量铬的最佳显色条件。最佳显色条件为H3 PO4(1 +4) 1 .0ml,0 .4mol·L-1Mn(Ⅱ ) 2 .0ml,1g·L-1CTMAB2 0ml,1 0g·L-1DAPM 1 .0ml,加热温度为 80℃ ,4min ,最大吸收波长为 480nm ,铬 (Ⅵ )在 0 .1 0～0 .90 μg/2 5ml范围内呈良好线性关系 ,线性回归方程为A =0 .62 1 5C(μg/2 5ml) +0 .2 2 44,线性相关系数为 0 .9974,摩尔吸光系数ε =3 .72× 1 0 6L·mol-1·cm-1。灵敏度比文献报道有很大提高。方法应用于水样中铬 (Ⅵ )的测定 ,结果满意     

铕敏化荧光法测定人体血清和尿液中的芦氟沙星

:研究了测定人体血清和尿样中芦氟沙星 ( RFX)的铕敏化荧光法。在HAc- Na Ac缓冲溶液中 ,RFX与 Eu3 +、EDTA形成三元配合物 ,产生了 Eu2 +的特征荧光 ,据此建立了直接、快速测定人体血清和尿液中的芦氟沙星含量的方法。测定在血清和尿液中 RFX浓度的线性范围分别为 2 .5× 1 0 -8～ 1 .0× 1 0 -6mol· L-1和 1 .0× 1 0 -7～ 5.0× 1 0 -6mol· L-1,检出限为 6.6× 1 0 -9mol· L-1和 1 .5× 1 0 -8mol· L-1。     

在线流动注射螯合树脂预富集石英缝管增敏火焰原子吸收法测定水中痕量镉和铜

应用高效的在线流动注射螯合树脂预富集石英缝管增敏火焰原子吸收系统直接测定水中痕量镉和铜 ,试验用内装 2 0 0 mg Amberlite XAD- 4键合的 5-磺酸 - 8-羟基喹啉螯合树脂的锥形柱 ,在 p H6条件下 ,样品流速为 6.0 ml·min-1,90 s装样 ,用 0 .5mol· L-1HCl洗脱 ,分析速度为30样·h-1分别获得 38和 40倍的富集 ,经石英缝管增敏 ,总灵敏度分别提高 1 36和 1 2 0倍 ,检出限为 0 .1和 0 .2μg· L-1。对镉和铜含量分别为 2 .0 ,5.0μg· L-1的水样连续测定 1 1次的相对标准偏差分别为 2 .8%和 3.4% ,可直接测定水体中 μg· L-1级的镉和铜。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

A general and convenient synthesis of 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones and their use in amidoalkylation of hydrogen,heteroatom, and carbon nucleophiles

A general synthesis of previously unknown semicarbazone-based α-amidoalkylating reagents, 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones, has been developed. The synthesis involved three-component condensation of semicarbazones of aliphatic or aromatic aldehydes with the same or other aldehydes and p-toluenesulfinic acid. The scope and limitations of this reaction were investigated. The compounds obtained were demonstrated to be an efficient α-(4-semicarbazono)alkylating agents. They were reacted with H- (sodium borohydride), O- (sodium methylate), S- (sodium phenylthiolate), N- (pyrrolidine, sodium succinimide), P- (trialkyl phosphites), and C-nucleophiles (sodium diethyl malonate) to give the corresponding products of the tosyl group substitution, 4-substituted semicarbazones, including analogues of nitrofurazone. Among the prepared compounds tested in vitro for antibacterial and antifungal activity, three nitrofuryl-containing semicarbazones exhibited high biological activities with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 8–32 μg/mL.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

Synthesis of novel chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-N-heterocyclic carbene ligands and their application in palladium-catalyzed Mizoroki–Heck couplings and asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde

A small library of new chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-imidazolium salts 1 is conveniently synthesized on multi-gram scale from inexpensive and commercially available chiral pool amino acids. The corresponding carbenes, generated by deprotonation of imidazolium salts 1, in combination with palladium(II) chloride were tested in the Mizoroki–Heck coupling reaction. The most significant results in terms of yields and reactivities were achieved with low catalyst loading. The catalytic activities of these imidazolium salts were also investigated in the asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde. The use of MgO nanoparticles as an additive in conjunction with these ligands played a crucial role in increasing the efficiency of these reactions.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.